Histoplasma capsulatum Infection With Both Granulomatous Features and Fibrosing Mediastinitis Presenting as Shortness of Breath: A Case Report.

It is known that Histoplasma capsulatum can cause chronic granulomatous disease or fibrosing mediastinitis, but both presentations occurring in the same patient is exceedingly rare and difficult to diagnose. The patient is a 24-year-old female with a past medical history of asthma, who presented for worsening shortness of breath. Thoracic imaging revealed a large paratracheal mass with a significant mass effect.

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia following electronic cigarette use.

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, or vaping, is gaining widespread popularity among adults aged 18-35. Vaping is commercially promoted as a safer alternative to traditional cigarette smoking. Previous studies have reported a close relationship between conventional cigarette smoking and acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP), but only one case report to date associates vaping with AEP in a male patient.

Combined-modality therapy for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a remote setting: a case report.

Background: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by accumulation of phospholipoproteinaceous material in the alveoli. The presentation is nonspecific but typically includes dyspnea; the spectrum of disease includes rapidly progressive hypoxic respiratory failure. Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the treatment of choice in symptomatic PAP, but transient worsening of oxygenation sometimes requires salvage modalities of support such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Benign Granuloma Masquerading as Squamous Cell Carcinoma Due to a "Floater".

Pathology specimen cross-contamination is a rare phenomenon in diagnostic pathology. Such "floaters" may result in delayed, missed or erroneous diagnoses. We describe the case of a patient with benign granuloma of the lung initially misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma due to a "floater.

Validation of the International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism Bleeding Risk Score.

Background: Recent guidelines recommend assessing medical inpatients for bleeding risk prior to providing chemical prophylaxis for VTE. The International Medical Prevention Registry on Venous Thromboembolism (IMPROVE) bleeding risk score (BRS) was derived from a well-defined population of medical inpatients but it has not been validated externally. We sought to externally validate the IMPROVE BRS.

Asbestos-related pleuropulmonary diseases: benign and malignant.

Asbestos is known for its desirable properties of thermal and heat resistance along with excellent strength and durability. It was widely used in many industries since the late 19th century, until its adverse effects on health were recognized. The occurrence of pleuropulmonary changes from exposure to asbestos often has a latency period of 20 to 30 years.