Mitochondrial disorders among infants exposed to HIV and antiretroviral therapy.

Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, concern has been raised about the possibility that it may cause mitochondrial dysfunction in infants. There is adequate evidence for a mechanism by which exposure to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction; animal studies have shown evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in the offspring of animals treated with NRTIs and mitochondrial disorders occur in adults treated with NRTIs. This systematic review synthesises the published research on mitochondrial dysfunction and disorders in infants exposed to HIV and antiretrovirals.

Resource utilization associated with irritable bowel syndrome in the United States 1987-1997.

This study uses national databases to examine the impact of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) on resource utilization in the United States. Approximately 1.5-2.