Publications by authors named "David Buob"

BACKGROUND Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) very rarely occurs in patients with multiple myeloma. Much more common are renal impairments secondary to monoclonal light-chain tubulopathy, AL amyloidosis, light-chain deposition disease, and the so-called monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 79-year-old myeloma patient without noticeable medical problems but with a long history of myeloma treatment beginning 13 years ago.

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  • Despite advancements in scintigraphic diagnosis for transthyretin amyloidosis, pathologists are still crucial for accurate diagnosis and classification of amyloidosis.
  • The diagnosis process can be complicated due to potential issues with Congo red staining and challenges in immunohistochemistry interpretation.
  • Consulting expert centers is advised for complex cases where the amyloidosis type is uncertain or hard to determine.
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  • AA amyloidosis (AAA) is a serious multisystem disease stemming from chronic inflammation, commonly affecting the kidneys and posing risks during pregnancy.
  • A study reviewed cases of AAA in pregnant women, identifying three new patients and highlighting that familial Mediterranean fever was the leading cause of AAA in this group.
  • The research found that pregnancies in AAA patients often led to complications like growth retardation and preterm birth, indicating the need for heightened medical monitoring during pregnancy.
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  • The study evaluated the effectiveness of three pulsed lasers (Ho:YAG, TFL, p-Tm:YAG) on porcine kidney tissue through various interactions like ablation and coagulation.
  • Results showed that the Ho:YAG and p-Tm:YAG lasers created deeper incisions and less carbonisation compared to the TFL, which exhibited carbonisation at high frequencies.
  • The p-Tm:YAG laser provided better uniformity in incision shapes and coagulation while minimizing tissue damage, making it a promising option for medical procedures.
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Introduction: During glomerular diseases, podocyte-specific pathways can modulate the intensity of histological disease and prognosis. The therapeutic targeting of these pathways could thus improve the management and prognosis of kidney diseases. The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, classically described in immune cells, has been recently described in detail in intrinsic kidney cells.

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Key Points: We evidenced terminal pathway activation (C5b-9 deposits) in most of the glomeruli on kidney biopsy of C3 glomerulopathy. The amount of C5b-9 deposits correlated with disease prognosis in C3 glomerulopathy. Increased terminal pathway activation was found predominantly in a subgroup exhibiting an immuno-fibroblastic signature.

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Background: Carfilzomib, a new proteasome inhibitor indicated for patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma, has been associated with cases of thrombotic microangiopathy (CFZ-TMA). The role of variants in the complement alternative pathway and therapeutic potential of complement blockade with eculizumab remain to be determined.

Methods: We report 37 cases of CFZ-TMA recorded in the French reference center for TMA with their clinical characteristics, genetic analysis and outcome according to treatments.

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  • Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is often linked with high calcium levels, while normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NHPT) can be easily misdiagnosed.
  • A study analyzed patients with hypercalciuric kidney stones to compare characteristics and prevalence of NHPT versus hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism (HPHPT), revealing that NHPT accounts for 40% of PHPT cases.
  • The results found no significant differences in parathyroid characteristics or stone composition between NHPT and HPHPT, but indicated that NHPT patients showed a stronger response to calcium loading, highlighting the importance of dynamic testing for accurate diagnosis.
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Renin is the key enzyme of the systemic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which plays an essential role in regulating blood pressure and maintaining electrolyte and extracellular volume homeostasis. Renin is mainly produced and secreted by specialized juxtaglomerular (JG) cells in the kidney. In the present study, we report for the first time that the conserved transmembrane receptor neuropilin-1 (NRP1) participates in the development of JG cells and plays a key role in renin production.

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  • Atypical anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis is a rare kidney condition that presents differently than typical cases, showing bright linear immunoglobulin staining without the usual serum anti-GBM antibodies.
  • In a study involving patients diagnosed from 2003 to 2022, 25 out of 38 potential cases were confirmed, with a majority exhibiting symptoms like hematuria and varying forms of glomerulonephritis.
  • The findings suggest that atypical anti-GBM nephritis often progresses slower than typical cases, but further research is necessary to understand its complete nature and implications.
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Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) causes renal ischemia in one-third of brain-dead kidney donors before procurement. We hypothesized that the graft function depends on the time interval between CA and organ procurement.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective population-based study on a prospectively curated database.

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A high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). However, MPN-related glomerulopathy (MPN-RG) may not account for the entirety of CKD risk in this population. The systemic vasculopathy encountered in these patients raises the hypothesis that vascular nephrosclerosis may be a common pattern of injury in patients with MPN and with CKD.

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  • The study examines kidney transplantation outcomes for patients with renal AA amyloidosis, revealing previously unclear results regarding survival and disease recurrence, mostly based on older data.
  • Conducted as a retrospective multicenter cohort study, it analyzed patients who underwent transplantation in France from 2008 to 2018, focusing on factors like age and treatment methods.
  • Results indicated high survival rates (94% at 1 year, 85.5% at 5 years) but also significant complications, including infection (55.8%) and acute rejection episodes (27.9%), with a low recurrence rate of amyloidosis (5.8%).
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The Banff community summoned the TMA Banff Working Group to develop minimum diagnostic criteria (MDC) and recommendations for renal transplant TMA (Tx-TMA) diagnosis, which currently lacks standardized criteria. Using the Delphi method for consensus generation, 23 nephropathologists (panelists) with >3 years of diagnostic experience with Tx-TMA were asked to list light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopic, clinical and laboratory criteria and differential diagnoses for Tx-TMA. Delphi was modified to include 2 validations rounds with histological evaluation of whole slide images of 37 transplant biopsies (28 TMA and 9 non-TMA).

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The Thrombotic Microangiopathy Banff Working Group (TMA-BWG) was formed in 2015 to survey current practices and develop minimum diagnostic criteria (MDC) for renal transplant TMA (Tx-TMA). To generate consensus among pathologists and nephrologists, the TMA BWG designed a 3-Phase study. Phase I of the study is presented here.

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Whether immunoadsorption (IADS) as part of desensitization protocols could facilitate deceased donor kidney transplantation (KT) in highly sensitized (HS) patients remains to be proven. We retrospectively analyzed our IADS based desensitization protocol for deceased donor KTs between 2013 and 2018. Fifteen HS patients (age 52 years [40-56]) were included.

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Cardiorenal syndromes type 1 and 2 are complex disorders in which cardiac dysfunction leads to kidney dysfunction. However, the mechanisms remain incompletely explained, during pulmonary hypertension in particular. The objective of this study is to develop an original preclinical model of cardiorenal syndrome secondary to a pulmonary hypertension in piglets.

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