Effects of food bar chewing duration on the physiologic, metabolic, and perceptual responses to moderate-intensity running.

Purpose: Chewing duration can affect food particle size, gastric processing, and postprandial glycemia, but these effects have not been investigated with exercise. This study examined how the chewing duration of a food bar impacts glycemic and metabolic responses, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, psychological affect, and performance during endurance running.

Methods: This randomized, unblinded, crossover study had 15 males (35.

The association of moderate-to-vigorous and light-intensity physical activity on static balance in middle-aged and older-aged adults.

Background: Falls are the leading cause of injury among adults ≥ 65 years of age. Participation in physical activity (PA) is associated with improved balance, though it is impact in the middle-age population is not well understood.

Aim: The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of PA intensity on static balance in middle-aged and older aged individuals.

Immunosuppression use in primary antiphospholipid antibody-positive patients: Descriptive analysis of the AntiPhospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and InternatiOnal Networking (APS ACTION) Clinical Database and Repository ("Registry").

Background/purpose: APS ACTION Registry was created to study the outcomes of patients with persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) with or without other systemic autoimmune disease (SAIDx). Given that immunosuppression (IS) is used for certain aPL manifestations, for example, thrombocytopenia (TP), our primary objective was to describe the indications for IS in aPL-positive patients without other SAIDx. Secondly, we report the type of IS used in patients with selected microvascular or non-thrombotic aPL manifestations.

COVID-19 and antiphospholipid antibodies: A position statement and management guidance from AntiPhospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and InternatiOnal Networking (APS ACTION).

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a high rate of thrombosis. Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTT) and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are reported in COVID-19 patients. The majority of publications have not reported whether patients develop clinically relevant persistent aPL, and the clinical significance of new aPL-positivity in COVID-19 is currently unknown.

16th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force Report on Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome.

Obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) remains a clinical challenge for practitioners, with several controversial points that have not been answered so far. This Obstetric APS Task Force met on the 16th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Manchester, England, to discuss about treatment, diagnostic and clinical aspects of the disease. This report will address evidence-based medicine related to obstetric APS, including limitations on our current management, the relationship between antibodies against domain 1 of β2GPI and obstetric morbidity, hydroxychloroquine use in patients with obstetric APS and factors associated with thrombosis after obstetric APS.

Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant Antithrombin Versus Placebo in Preterm Preeclampsia.

Background: Despite expectant management, preeclampsia remote from term usually results in preterm delivery. Antithrombin, which displays antiinflammatory and anticoagulant properties, may have a therapeutic role in treating preterm preeclampsia, a disorder characterized by endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and activation of the coagulation system.

Objective: This randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate whether intravenous recombinant human antithrombin could prolong gestation and therefore improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Ammonia Inhalation Does Not Increase Deadlift 1-Repetition Maximum in College-Aged Male and Female Weight Lifters.

Vigil, JN, Sabatini, PL, Hill, LC, Swain, DP, and Branch, JD. Ammonia inhalation does not increase deadlift 1-repetition maximum in college-aged male and female weight lifters. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3392-3397, 2018-Ammonia inhalant use by powerlifters and weight lifters is a prevalent practice with little research support for improved performance.

Autonomic response to tactical pistol performance measured by heart rate variability.

This study evaluated changes in autonomic tone during a tactical pistol competition. At rest and during a match, heart rate variability (HRV) was examined in 28 healthy subjects. Heart rate variability time-domain variables (including interbeat interval [IBI]) and frequency-domain variables (low frequency [LF], high frequency [HF], total power [TP]) measured during shooting were subtracted from those measured during rest to produce Δs.

Managing the primary cesarean delivery rate.

One third of deliveries in the United States are by cesarean, a rate that far exceeds that recommended by professional organizations and experts. A dominant reason for the high overall cesarean rate is the rising primary cesarean rate. The high primary cesarean rate results from multiple factors, both clinical and nonclinical.

Functional performance following an ice bag application to the hamstrings.

This study examined the immediate and short-term (20 minute) effects of 3- and 10-minute ice bag applications to the hamstrings on functional performance as measured by the cocontraction test, shuttle run, and single-leg vertical jump. Forty-two (25 women, 17 men) recreational or collegiate athletes who were free of injury in the lower extremity 6 months before testing and who did not suffer from allergy to cryotherapy were included. Time to completion was measured in seconds for the cocontraction and the shuttle run test.

False recall of critical lures in students with diagnosed learning disabilities.

40 students (M age = 13.5 yr., SD = 1) from a rural south Georgia school system participated.

Effect of creatine supplementation on cycle ergometer exercise in a hyperthermic environment.

In order to examine thermoregulatory response to creatine (CR) supplementation, competitive male cyclists and triathletes (n = 7, VO2max = 50.6 +/- 0.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1)) completed three 1-hour hyperthermic (ambient temperature = 38.

Validation of a new method for estimating VO2max based on VO2 reserve.

Purpose: The American College of Sports Medicine's (ACSM) preferred method for estimating maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) has been shown to overestimate VO2max, possibly due to the short length of the cycle ergometry stages. This study validates a new method that uses a final 6-min stage and that estimates VO2max from the relationship between heart rate reserve (HRR) and VO2 reserve.

Methods: A cycle ergometry protocol was designed to elicit 65-75% HRR in the fifth and sixth minutes of the final stage.

Association of Menstrual-Cycle Hormone Changes with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Laxity Measurements.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity (as evaluated with the KT-2000 and radiographic measures) is associated with concentrations of reproductive hormones during the menstrual cycle and whether the KT-2000 knee arthrometer is a valid measurement technique, compared with radiographic techniques. DESIGN AND SETTING: A within-subjects linear model was used. Venipuncture was conducted in an exercise science laboratory.

Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis.

Background: Creatine supplementation (CS) has been reported to increase body mass and improve performance in high-intensity, short-duration exercise tasks. Research on CS, most of which has come into existence since 1994, has been the focus of several qualitative reviews, but only one meta-analysis, which was conducted with a limited number of studies.

Purpose: This study compared the effects of CS on effect size (ES) for body composition (BC) variables (mass and lean body mass), duration and intensity (< or = 30 s, [ATP-PCr = A]; 30-150 s [glycolysis = G]; >150 s, [oxidative phosphorylation = O]) of the exercise task, type of exercise task (single, repetitive, laboratory, field, upper-body, lower-body), CS duration (loading, maintenance), and subject characteristics (gender, training status).

Childhood obesity's relationship to time spent in sedentary behavior.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate various types of sedentary behavior children participate in and to look for an association to childhood obesity.

Methods: Questionnaires were used to gather data on physical and sedentary activity, dietary intake, demographics, and anthropometrics of 9- to 12-year-old military dependents and their parents.

Results: Using body mass index (BMI), 39.