BCLA CLEAR Presbyopia: Evaluation and diagnosis.

It is important to be able to measure the range of clear focus in clinical practice to advise on presbyopia correction techniques and to optimise the correction power. Both subjective and objective techniques are necessary: subjective techniques (such as patient reported outcome questionnaires and defocus curves) assess the impact of presbyopia on a patient and how the combination of residual objective accommodation and their natural DoF work for them; objective techniques (such as autorefraction, corneal topography and lens imaging) allow the clinician to understand how well a technique is working optically and whether it is the right choice or how adjustments can be made to optimise performance. Techniques to assess visual performance and adverse effects must be carefully conducted to gain a reliable end-point, considering the target size, contrast and illumination.

Exemplifying practice-based research: the influence of age on myopia progression.

Clinical Relevance: The electronic storage of patient records and modern-day search engines present private practitioners with a unique opportunity to extract valuable data for investigative research purposes. However, practitioners seldom harness this resource and consequently a vast repository of clinical data remains largely unexplored.

Background: This study, based on real-world data from an optometric practice, stands as an example of how clinicians can actively contribute to research.

[ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN OPHTHALMOLOGY].

Artificial intelligence (AI) was first introduced in 1956, and effectively represents the fourth industrial revolution in human history. Over time, this medium has evolved to be the preferred method of medical imagery interpretation. Today, the implementation of AI in the medical field as a whole, and the ophthalmological field in particular, is diverse and includes diagnose, follow-up and monitoring of the progression of ocular diseases.

Peripheral defocus as it relates to myopia progression: A mini-review.

Myopia is the most common refractive error in the world and has reached a pandemic level. The potential complications of progressive myopia have inspired researchers to attempt to understand the sources of myopia and axial elongation and to develop modalities to arrest progression. Considerable attention has been given over the past few years to the myopia risk factor known as hyperopic peripheral blur, which is the focus of this review.

[CONTACT LENS COMPLICATIONS].

This article will review the complications of contact lenses (CL) according to the literature over the past few years including mechanical, inflammatory, allergic, toxic, metabolic, and infectious complications. There are CL complications that are not sight-threatening and there are severe complications that do threaten the sight. In general, any complication from CL that involves the cornea may endorse irreversible damage to sight.

[COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME].

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a very common phenomenon amongst computer users. A total of 90% of computer users, who spend more than 3 hours a day in front of the computer screen, suffer from CVS. CVS is also known as digital eye strain or visual fatigue and includes symptoms that are a result of continuous work in front of the different types of computer screens or other types of digital screens.

The effect of contact lens wear on retinal spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Background: This study assessed the impact of contact lens wear on retinal spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) image quality and macular thickness measurements, among subjects with myopia.

Methods: This was a prospective study including 34 subjects (26.59 ± 3.