Personalized multicomponent exercise programs using smartphone technology among older people: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Optimal application of the recently updated World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for exercise in advanced age necessitates an accurate adjustment for the age-related increasing variability in biological age and fitness levels, alongside detailed recommendations across a range of motor fitness components, including balance, strength, and flexibility. We previously developed and validated a novel tool, designed to both remotely assess these fitness components, and subsequently deliver a personalized exercise program via smartphone. We describe the design of a prospective randomized control trial, comparing the effectiveness of the remotely delivered personalized multicomponent exercise program to either WHO exercise guidelines or no intervention.

Symmetries in Muscle Torque and Landing Kinematics Are Associated With Maintenance of Sports Participation at 5 to 10 Years After ACL Reconstruction in Young Men.

Background: Long-term maintenance of sports participation is important for young men undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Identifying biomechanical characteristics in patients who achieve this goal can assist in elaborating rehabilitation programs and in identifying successful recovery, but this has rarely been investigated.

Purpose: To test the association between maintenance of sports participation at 5 to 10 years after ACL reconstruction and measures of force production and landing biomechanics in men.

Isokinetic moment curve abnormalities are associated with articular knee lesions.

The aim of this study was to test whether lesions of the medial meniscus (MM) and of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are associated with specific abnormalities of isokinetic moment curves (IMCs). Fifty-four young adults (20 active healthy people, and 34 patients with unilateral knee injuries) were assessed through knee extensor and flexor isokinetic tests at 60°/s. Qualitative IMC analysis was performed using a novel classification system which identified three distinct abnormal shapes.

The effect of eliminating leg length difference on plantar foot pressure distribution in patients wearing forefoot offloading shoe.

Background And Purpose: Elevated heel construction offloads the forefoot after surgery. However, side-to-side height difference alters limb kinetics, whereas leg-length equalizing-sole at non-operated side may have beneficial effects on foot loading. The purpose of this study was to characterize leg-length equalizing sole effect on bilateral plantar pressures when using heel-lift forefoot-offloading shoe.

Plantar Pressure Anomalies After Open Reduction With Internal Fixation of High-Grade Calcaneal Fractures.

Background: Plantar pressure abnormalities after open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) of intra-articular calcaneal fractures have been observed previously, but high-grade fractures were not selectively investigated and follow-up times were shorter than 2 years. The purpose of this study was to characterize plantar pressure anomalies in patients with exclusively high-grade calcaneal fractures after ORIF with a minimum 2 years of follow-up, and to test the association between plantar pressure distribution and the clinical outcome.

Methods: The orthopaedic registry was reviewed to identify patients with isolated high-grade calcaneal fractures (Sanders types III-IV) who were operated on and had a minimum 2 years of follow-up.

Analysis of foot and ankle kinematics after operative reduction of high-grade intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus.

Background: High-grade calcaneal fractures represent a complex injury, with limited data to support the advisability of open reduction. Restoration of foot and ankle kinematics during walking, which has been previously shown to be significantly limited after nonoperative treatment, has never been studied after the operation. This study was designed to address this lack of information to assess the advisability of the operation in this respect.

Analysis of foot structure in athletes sustaining proximal fifth metatarsal stress fracture.

Background: In the past, several studies provided anecdotal descriptions of high-arched feet in individuals sustaining proximal fifth metatarsal stress fractures. This relationship has never been supported by scientific evidence. Our objective was to examine whether athletes who sustained this injury had an exceptional static foot structure or dynamic loading pattern.

The effect of long-term beta-adrenergic receptor blockade on the oxygen delivery and extraction relationship in patients with coronary artery disease.

Purpose: We evaluated the effects of long-term beta-blocker treatment on the balance between oxygen delivery and extraction at peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and at target heart rate training (anaerobic threshold).

Methods: Fifteen patients with coronary artery disease performed paired peak cardiopulmonary and submaximal exercise tests on a cycle ergometer with and without atenolol treatment. Thirty minutes following the submaximal tests, participants pedaled 10 minutes at a workload corresponding to that of the anaerobic threshold attained.

Left ventricular contractility in response to upright isometric exercise in heart transplant recipients and healthy men.

Purpose: We evaluated left ventricular contractility during upright isometric exercise, in heart transplant recipients (HTRs) and in healthy controls, using ejection fraction and end-systolic pressure/volume ratio indexes.

Methods: Fifteen healthy men (40 +/- 13 years) and 10 HTRs (42 +/- 12 years) underwent dead lift (DL) test at 30% of maximal effort for 3 minutes. Echocardiographic variables were measured during the final 45 seconds.

The role of foot pronation in the development of femoral and tibial stress fractures: a prospective biomechanical study.

Objective: To examine whether dynamic parameters of foot pronation are risk factors for the development of stress fractures of the femur and tibia.

Design: Observational prospective study.

Setting: Infantry basic training course.

What maintains energy supply at peak aerobic exercise in trained and untrained older men?

Background: Aging-related changes occur mainly in the cardiopulmonary system and skeletal muscles, bringing about a reduction in physical performance. Consequently, maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)max) decreases.

Objectives: The current study investigated exercise oxygen utilization during maximal aerobic exercise in trained and untrained elderly.

Paraoxonase activity following exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program.

Purpose: The effect of gender on paraoxonase activity was determined in 37 ischemic heart disease patients who underwent a 12-week aerobic exercise training program.

Methods: Paraoxonase activity was measured by its arylesterase activity (spectrophotometrically, at 250 degrees C, wavelength 270 nm).

Results: A 16.

What maintains the metabolic cost at maximal exercise in heart transplant recipients and coronary artery disease patients?

Background: In this study we assess the influence of disease status on hemodynamic and cardiac output values, as measured by oxygen utilization at peak aerobic exercise, in heart transplant recipients (HTRs) and coronary artery disease patients (CAD).

Methods: Fifteen CAD patients and 13 HTRs (40.2 +/- 12.

Igf-I and fgf-2 responses to wingate anaerobic test in older men.

insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), play a role in aging associated muscle loss. The effect of fitness level on IGF-I and FGF-2 responses to all-out anaerobic exercise in older men was studied. Twenty four healthy older males: 12 higher fit (58 ± 1y) and 12 lower fit (59 ± 1y) underwent the Wingate anaerobic test.

Left ventricular systolic function during treadmill walking with load carriage in adolescents.

Backpack carriage occurs in day-to-day tasks and has applications in school, physical training, recreational activities and sports. Using metabolic cart and echocardiograph, this study determined and examined the effects of two different load carriages on left ventricular function during 30 min. of treadmill walking in healthy adolescent male subjects.

Left ventricular function at peak all-out anaerobic exercise in older men.

Background: All-out anaerobic exercise may be dangerous for the older population, due to hypoxia and inappropriate blood pressure response.

Objectives: This study compared and evaluated left ventricular function at peak all-out anaerobic effort in 12 well-trained older (58 +/- 1 years) and 12 young men (22 +/- 1 years).

Methods: Subjects were studied by echocardiography at peak all-out anaerobic exercise, on a cycle ergometer.

Effect of changes in load carriage while walking on the left ventricular function in highly trained elderly subjects.

Background: In previous studies, the effect of isometric stress on the dynamic performance of a graded exercise test in normal subjects augmented afterload and brought about changes in left ventricular function more often than did results from physical exercise.

Objective: This study used the metabolic charts and echocardiography to examine the influence of two different types of load carriage during 30 min of treadmill walking on left ventricular function, hemodynamics, and cardiovascular responses.

Methods: Fifteen elderly (age 66.

Beta-blockers, exercise, and the immune system in men with coronary artery disease.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of aerobic exercise training on the immune system in coronary artery disease patients treated with beta-blockers.

Methods: Twenty-five patients (46.1 +/- 2 yr) treated with atenolol, a beta-blocker agent, for 3 months before exercising were divided randomly into two groups: 15 underwent an aerobic exercise training program for 12 wk at 65-70% of their work capacity, whereas the other 10 patients served as controls.