Publications by authors named "David Baxter"

Lyme disease is caused by an infection with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, and is the most common vector-borne disease in North America. B. burgdorferi isolates harbor extensive genomic and proteomic variability and further comparison of isolates is key to understanding the infectivity of the spirochetes and biological impacts of identified sequence variants.

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Introduction: In situ simulation (ISS) enables multiprofessional healthcare teams to train for real emergencies in their own working environment and identify latent patient safety threats. This study aimed to determine ISS impact on teamwork, technical skill performance, healthcare staff perception and latent error identification during simulated medical emergencies.

Materials And Methods: Unannounced ISS sessions (n=14, n=75 staff members) using a high-fidelity mannequin were conducted in medical, paediatric and rehabilitation wards at Stepping Hill Hospital (Stockport National Health Service Foundation Trust, UK).

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The authors of the manuscript 'Complementary and alternative medicine - practice, attitudes, and knowledge among healthcare professionals in New Zealand: an integrative review' [1] disagree with the assertion by McDowell et al. that our manuscript has extrapolation errors.

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Background: Early access to care for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can avoid higher rates of surgery and permanent harm yet is often delayed, particularly for populations more likely to underutilise care.

Objective: We sought to explore patient experiences and perspectives of health service access for CTS to inform an equity-focussed co-design of a health service for improving early care access.

Methods: In this Normalisation Process Theory (NPT)-informed qualitative study we conducted semistructured in-depth interviews with 19 adults with experience of CTS.

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Blast is the most common injury mechanism in conflicts of this century due to the widespread use of explosives, confirmed by recent conflicts such as in Ukraine. Data from conflicts in the last century such as Northern Ireland, the Falklands, and Vietnam up to the present day show that between 16% and 21% of personnel suffered a traumatic brain injury. Typical features of fatal brain injury to those outside of a vehicle (hereafter referred to as dismounted) due to blast include the presence of hemorrhagic brain injury alongside skull fractures rather than isolated penetrating injuries more typical of traditional ballistic head injuries.

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A young male in his mid-teen years presented with severe back pain for 3 months and was subsequently diagnosed with osteoid osteoma in the left superior articular process of the L4 vertebra. Initial treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs provided temporary relief. Due to concerns about scoliosis progression along with unrelieved pain, a multidisciplinary team recommended endoscopic excision of the osteoid osteoma.

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To investigate the symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, their dynamics and their discriminatory power for the disease using longitudinally, prospectively collected information reported at the time of their occurrence. We have analysed data from a large phase 3 clinical UK COVID-19 vaccine trial. The alpha variant was the predominant strain.

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Background: The United Kingdom health system is challenged with retaining doctors entering specialty training directly after their second foundation year. Improving doctors' training experience during the foundation programme may aid such retention. The Longitudinal Integrated Foundation Training (LIFT) pilot scheme aimed to provide a programme that improves the quality of their foundation training experience, advance patient-centred care and provide doctors with more experience in the primary care settings.

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Purpose: This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the management challenges associated with Spinal Phosphaturic Mesenchymal tumors (PMTs) and evaluates the surgical management outcomes for this rare entity linked to Tumor-induced osteolysis. The primary objective of this study is to enhance the familiarity of treating physicians with the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options for Spinal PMTs.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted, reviewing electronic medical records of patients diagnosed with spinal PMTs at our hospital between January 2019 and December 2022.

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Using mouse models and high-throughput proteomics, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the proteome changes induced in response to seven interventions known to increase mouse lifespan. This included two genetic mutations, a growth hormone receptor knockout (GHRKO mice) and a mutation in the Pit-1 locus (Snell dwarf mice), four drug treatments (rapamycin, acarbose, canagliflozin, and 17α-estradiol), and caloric restriction. Each of the interventions studied induced variable changes in the concentrations of proteins across liver, kidney, and gastrocnemius muscle tissue samples, with the strongest responses in the liver and limited concordance in protein responses across tissues.

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Article Synopsis
  • Aging leads to disruptions in biological balance, prompting the need for comprehensive studies on molecular changes over time.
  • Research using mouse liver data reveals that various lifespan-extending methods (like acarbose, 17α-estradiol, rapamycin, and calorie restriction) generally improve the regulation of biological functions, particularly in areas like fatty acid oxidation and immune responses.
  • The study emphasizes the effectiveness of systems-level approaches in uncovering the complex processes that contribute to aging and potential longevity interventions.
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Article Synopsis
  • Lyme disease, caused by a specific spirochete infection, is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in North America, with significant genetic and protein variation among its strains.
  • Researchers used transcriptomics and mass spectrometry to create a comprehensive dataset of proteins from various laboratory and infective strains of the spirochete, leading to the development of a public database called Borrelia PeptideAtlas.
  • This database contains extensive proteomic data, revealing 76,936 unique peptides and 1,221 proteins, which can help identify common protein targets linked to the infectivity of this disease.
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  • The study highlights the importance of an efficient electrospray source for generating peptide molecular ions in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based proteomics, focusing on a new technology called vacuum insulated probe heated electrospray ionization (VIP-HESI).
  • VIP-HESI significantly enhances chromatography signals compared to traditional methods, leading to improved protein detection and quantitative precision in experiments, such as analyzing human K562 lymphoblast samples and mouse plasma.
  • The technique allows for reliable identification of low peptide amounts, maintaining high reproducibility and coverage in proteomic applications, with supporting data available in a public database.
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Background: COV-BOOST is a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial of seven COVID-19 vaccines used as a third booster dose in June 2021. Monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines were subsequently widely used for the third and fourth-dose vaccination campaigns in high-income countries. Real-world vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic infections following third doses declined during the Omicron wave.

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This review provides a detailed description of the imaging features of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and radiculopathy, with a focus on MRI. Where relevant, we will outline grading systems of vertebral central canal and foraminal stenosis. Whilst post-operative appearances of the cervical spine are outside the scope of this paper, we will touch on imaging features recognised as predictors of clinical outcome and neurological recovery.

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Article Synopsis
  • The electrospray ionization source plays a crucial role in generating peptide ions for mass spectrometry in proteomics, which is essential for transferring peptides from liquid to gas.
  • The newly developed Vacuum-Insulated-Probe-Heated-ElectroSpray-Ionization (VIP-HESI) source, when used with micro-spray chromatography and the Bruker timsTOF PRO mass spectrometer, enhances signal strength and protein detection compared to previous ionization methods.
  • The VIP-HESI setup demonstrates higher quantitative precision and reproducibility in protein analysis, leading to improved identification of proteins and better results in diverse proteomic studies.
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Background: The recombinant protein-based vaccine, NVX-CoV2373, demonstrated 89.7% efficacy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a phase 3, randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in the United Kingdom. The protocol was amended to include a blinded crossover.

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Purpose: The purpose of this meta-ethnography was to synthesize the research exploring patient/provider perceptions of clinical conversations (CC) centered on chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) in vulnerable adult populations.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search for qualitative/mixed method studies in CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Sociology Database in ProQuest, and Web of Science used PRIMSA-P guidelines. Data synthesis used eMERGe guidelines; findings were presented in nested hierarchal theoretical frameworks.

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Background: Many men with Parkinson's Disease (PD) do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity (PA) for health benefits. Tailored, meaningful, and culturally sensitive PA health messages may be a catalyst to shape men's motivations toward participation.

Objective: We explored the views of New Zealand (NZ) men with PD about existing PA health messages, and how these could be adapted to be more effective.

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Previous research has shown that injuries to the head and neck were prevalent in 73% of all mounted fatalities of underbody blast. The mechanisms that cause such injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) are not yet known. The aim of this study was to identify the head and spinal injuries in fatalities due to underbody blast (UBB) and then develop hypotheses on the causative mechanisms.

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Background: Acupoints are considered a dynamic functional area, which can reflect the internal condition of the body. In pathological states, disease-related acupoints are believed to be activated, which is known as acupoint sensitization.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the major manifestations of acupoint sensitization in patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) to provide better understanding of acupoint sensitization phenomena in the context of cLBP.

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Objective: Serogroup W and Y invasive meningococcal disease increased globally from 2000 onwards. Responding to a rapid increase in serogroup W clonal complex 11 (W:cc11) invasive meningococcal disease, the UK replaced an adolescent booster dose of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine with quadrivalent MenACWY conjugate vaccine in 2015. By 2018, the vaccine coverage in the eligible school cohorts aged 14 to 19 years was 84%.

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Background: Some high-income countries have deployed fourth doses of COVID-19 vaccines, but the clinical need, effectiveness, timing, and dose of a fourth dose remain uncertain. We aimed to investigate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of fourth-dose boosters against COVID-19.

Methods: The COV-BOOST trial is a multicentre, blinded, phase 2, randomised controlled trial of seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third-dose boosters at 18 sites in the UK.

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