Background: Three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the neurovascular structures has helped preoperative surgical planning. 3D printed models and virtual reality (VR) devices are 2 options to improve 3D stereovision and stereoscopic depth perception of cerebrovascular anatomy for aneurysm surgery.
Objective: To investigate and compare the practicality and potential of 3D printed and VR models in a neurosurgical education context.