Detection of focal cortical dysplasia: Development and multicentric evaluation of artificial intelligence models.

Objective: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy but can be challenging to detect visually on magnetic resonance imaging. Three artificial intelligence models for automated FCD detection are publicly available (MAP18, deepFCD, MELD) but have only been compared on single-center data. Our first objective is to compare them on independent multicenter test data.

New Germline TP53 Variant Detected After Radiotherapy-Induced Angiosarcoma of the Chest Wall in a Previously Treated Breast Cancer Patient: A Case Report and Review of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and Radiotherapy-Induced Sarcoma.

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is one of the most common hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes in Brazil. The high frequency of the syndrome is due to a founding variant (R337H) in the country. LFS is characterized by a wide variety of malignant phenotypes.

Electrochemical Profiling of vWFA2 for Systemic Inflammatory State Detection.

This research aims to develop a portable biosensor device for quickly detecting vWFA2, a biomarker for inflammatory conditions. This sensor could dramatically change detection methods and lead us to improve the sensitivity of our tests to overcome the limitations of conventional detection methods. Our label-free biomolecular assay is constructed on an Au-ZnO electrode surface and uses electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure the capacitive change in impedance, revealing the binding effects of the target vWFA2, to the capture probe.

Left out and vilified: Do the effects of political metaphors on spatial orientation judgments indicate a taboo effect?

Can aversion from a political ideology lead to rapid, automatic rejection of said ideology? We tested this question in the Israeli political context using a spatial Stroop task to examine whether politically charged left-wing terms would elicit slower verbal latencies. In Study 1 (  85), participants were presented with left- and right-wing political terms presented either in a congruent or incongruent spatial location and were asked to verbally indicate only the location of the word. Study 2 ( = 128), replicated this procedure with the Hebrew words for "left" and "right" and examined whether political awareness primes would amplify the effect.

GPER1 activation by estrogenic compounds in the inflammatory profile of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent female neoplasm worldwide. Its establishment and development have been related to inflammatory cytokine expression. Steroid hormones such as estradiol (E) can regulate proinflammatory cytokine secretion through interaction with its nuclear receptors.

Bone Spheroid Development Under Flow Conditions with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells in a 3D Porous Hydrogel Supplemented with Hydroxyapatite.

Understanding the niche interactions between blood and bone through the in vitro co-culture of osteo-competent cells and endothelial cells is a key factor in unraveling therapeutic potentials in bone regeneration. This can be additionally supported by employing numerical simulation techniques to assess local physical factors, such as oxygen concentration, and mechanical stimuli, such as shear stress, that can mediate cellular communication. In this study, we developed a Mesenchymal Stem Cell line (MSC) and a Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell line (HUVEC), which were co-cultured under flow conditions in a three-dimensional, porous, natural pullulan/dextran scaffold that was supplemented with hydroxyapatite crystals that allowed for the spontaneous formation of spheroids.

Non-electrophilic NRF2 activators promote wound healing in human keratinocytes and diabetic mice and demonstrate selective downstream gene targeting.

The transcription factor NRF2 plays an important role in many biological processes and is a promising therapeutic target for many disease states. NRF2 is highly expressed in the skin and is known to play a critical role in diabetic wound healing, a serious disease process for which treatment options are limited. However, many existing NRF2 activators display off-target effects due to their electrophilic mechanism, underscoring the need for alternative approaches.

The relationship between changes in inflammation and locomotor function in sensory phenotypes of central neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Central neuropathic pain (CNP) commonly develops in patients after spinal cord injury (SCI), causing debilitating symptoms and sensory abnormalities to mechanical and thermal stimuli. The biological variability of pain phenotypes in individuals has limited the number of positive outcomes. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the physiological processes contributing to sensory changes that develop over time.

Taking the Extra Listening Mile: Processing Spoken Semantic Context Is More Effortful for Older Than Young Adults.

Objectives: Older adults use semantic context to generate predictions in speech processing, compensating for aging-related sensory and cognitive changes. This study aimed to gauge aging-related changes in effort exertion related to context use.

Design: The study revisited data from Harel-Arbeli et al.

Are psychotic-like experiences associated with aberrant prosocial decision-making behavior?

Introduction: Deficits in social functioning and decision-making are well-documented in schizophrenia, but their relationship with positive symptoms and social conflicts is poorly understood. We created a new paradigm based on the Dictator Game (DG) to explore differences in social decision-making between individuals experiencing high levels of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), particularly hallucinations and delusions, and controls with less PLEs.

Methods: A large community sample ( = 1,161) completed a DG in an online study whereby extreme groups were built based on the subscale of the CAPE.

Rasmussen's encephalitis: structural, functional, and clinical correlates of contralesional epileptiform activity.

Progressive inflammation of one hemisphere characterises Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE), but contralesional epileptiform activity has been repeatedly reported. We aimed to quantify contralesional epileptiform activity in RE and uncover its functional and structural underpinnings. We retrospectively ascertained people with RE treated between 2000 and 2018 at a tertiary centre (Centre 1) and reviewed all available EEG datasets.

Advancements in electrochemical immunosensors towards point-of-care detection of cardiac biomarkers.

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, with mortality rates increasing annually. This underscores the urgent need for accurate diagnostic and monitoring tools. Electrochemical detection has emerged as a promising method for swiftly and precisely measuring specific biomarkers in bodily fluids.

PTSD symptoms and subjective traumatic outlook in the Israel-Hamas war: Capturing a broader picture of posttraumatic reactions.

This study examined the unique associations of both probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and subjective traumatic outlook (STO) with psychiatric and psychological concomitants among Israelis during the Israel-Hamas War. While PTSD reflects phenomenological psychiatric reactions to traumatic events, STO reflects subjective evaluations that one is traumatized. A convenience sample of 375 Israelis aged 20-87 from around Israel completed an online survey in the first two months of the war.

The Role of Early Intact Auditory Experience on the Perception of Spoken Emotions, Comparing Prelingual to Postlingual Cochlear Implant Users.

Objectives: Cochlear implants (CI) are remarkably effective, but have limitations regarding the transformation of the spectro-temporal fine structures of speech. This may impair processing of spoken emotions, which involves the identification and integration of semantic and prosodic cues. Our previous study found spoken-emotions-processing differences between CI users with postlingual deafness (postlingual CI) and normal hearing (NH) matched controls (age range, 19 to 65 years).

Vaccination homophily in ego contact networks during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Vaccine hesitancy is an inevitable risk for societies as it contributes to outbreaks of diseases. Prior research suggests that vaccination decisions of individuals tend to spread within social networks, resulting in a tendency to vaccination homophily. The clustering of individuals resistant to vaccination can substantially make the threshold necessary to achieve herd immunity harder to reach.

Archaeological evidence of an ethnographically documented Australian Aboriginal ritual dated to the last ice age.

In societies without writing, ethnographically known rituals have rarely been tracked back archaeologically more than a few hundred years. At the invitation of GunaiKurnai Aboriginal Elders, we undertook archaeological excavations at Cloggs Cave in the foothills of the Australian Alps. In GunaiKurnai Country, caves were not used as residential places during the early colonial period (mid-nineteenth century CE), but as secluded retreats for the performance of rituals by Aboriginal medicine men and women known as 'mulla-mullung', as documented by ethnographers.

Seven Days of Voice Rest Post-phonosurgery Is Not Better than 3 days: A Prospective Randomized Short-term Outcome Study.

Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the short-term effect of 7 versus 3 days of voice rest (VR) on objective vocal (acoustic) parameters following phonosurgery.

Methods: A prospective randomized study conducted at a tertiary referral medical center. Patients with vocal fold nodules, polyps, or cysts and scheduled for phonosurgery were recruited from the Voice Clinic.

Psychometric properties of the positive mental health questionnaire: short form (PMHQ-SF18) in young adults.

Introduction: Positive Mental Health (PMH) plays a pivotal role in the promoting of mental health. Assessing this phenomenon is essential for early recognition and intervention in mental health. To date, only one tool was validated with 39 items to assess PMH among Portuguese young adults.

"Love looks not with the eyes": supranormal processing of emotional speech in individuals with late-blindness versus preserved processing in individuals with congenital-blindness.

Processing of emotional speech in the absence of visual information relies on two auditory channels: semantics and prosody. No study to date has investigated how blindness impacts this process. Two theories, Perceptual Deficit, and Sensory Compensation, yiled different expectations about the role of visual experience (or its lack thereof) in processing emotional speech.

Age-related differences in processing of emotions in speech disappear with babble noise in the background.

Older adults process emotional speech differently than young adults, relying less on prosody (tone) relative to semantics (words). This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these age-related differences via an emotional speech-in-noise test. A sample of 51 young and 47 older adults rated spoken sentences with emotional content on both prosody and semantics, presented on the background of wideband speech-spectrum noise (sensory interference) or on the background of multi-talker babble (sensory/cognitive interference).

Disposition Kinetics of Cathinone and its Metabolites after Oral Administration in Rats.

Background: Cathinone is a natural stimulant found in the Catha edulis plant. Its derivatives make up the largest group of new psychoactive substances. In order to better understand its effects, it is imperative to investigate its distribution, pharmacokinetics, and metabolic profile.