Status of evolutionary medicine within the field of nutrition and dietetics: A survey of professionals and students.

Lay Summary: Through an online survey of nutrition and dietetic professionals and students, we learned there is interest to incorporate evolutionary medicine into the nutrition and dietetics field and education programs.

Background And Objectives: Evolutionary medicine is an emerging field that examines the evolutionary significance of modern disease to develop new preventative strategies or treatments. While many areas of interest in evolutionary medicine and public health involve diet, we currently lack an understanding of whether nutrition and dietetics professionals and students appreciate the potential of evolutionary medicine.

Reinforcing cerclage for a short cervix at follow-up after the primary cerclage procedure.

Objective: To determine whether a reinforcing cerclage (RC) for a short cervix measured after the primary cerclage procedure prolonged pregnancy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 157 women with singleton gestations who underwent cerclage for standard indications. Women were grouped according to cervical length (CL) at the time of follow-up 1-2 weeks after the initial cerclage placement: ≥25 mm (106 women) and <25 mm with (20 women) or without RC (31 women).

The forkhead transcription factor, FOXP3: a critical role in male fertility in mice.

Fertility is dependent on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Each component of this axis is essential for normal reproductive function. Mice with a mutation in the forkhead transcription factor gene, Foxp3, exhibit autoimmunity and infertility.