Type 2 Diabetes with Comorbid Depression in Relation to Cognitive Impairment: an Opportunity for Prevention?

Studies show poor glycemic control is associated with increased risk of dementia among patients with Type 2 diabetes, indicating potential for prevention of dementia with improved glycemia. Emerging evidence suggests that a relationship between short-term glycemic control and cognitive function exists in Type 2 diabetes. However, detailed mechanisms relating diabetic dementia are lacking, as other concurrent conditions, such as depression, may also increase the risk of dementia in Type 2 diabetes.

Carbon nanofiber electrode for neurochemical monitoring.

The ability to rapidly detect neurotransmitter release has broad implications in the study of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Electrochemical detection methods using carbon nanofiber nanoelectrodes integrated into the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration Sensing System (WINCS) offer many important advantages including biocompatibility, selectivity, sensitivity, and rapid adsorption kinetics. Carbon nanofiber nanoelectrodes exhibit greater selectivity and sensitivity in the electrochemical detection of neurotransmitters compared to macroelectrodes and are able to resolve a ternary mixture of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and ascorbic acid as well as to detect individual neurotransmitters in concentrations as low as 50 nM for DA and 100 nM for 5-HT using differential pulse voltammetry.

A carbon nanofiber based biosensor for simultaneous detection of dopamine and serotonin in the presence of ascorbic acid.

A biosensor based on an array of vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition is found to be effective for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in the presence of excess ascorbic acid (AA). The CNF electrode outperforms the conventional glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for both selectivity and sensitivity. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), three distinct peaks are seen for the CNF electrode at 0.

Postprandial glucose monitoring further improved glycemia, lipids, and weight in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had already reached hemoglobin A1c goal.

Background: Postprandial hyperglycemia contributes to poor glucose control and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of the study was to determine the effect of postprandial self-monitoring of blood glucose (pp-SMBG) on glucose control, lipids, body weight, and cardiovascular events.

Method: Subjects with T2DM hemoglobin A1c (A1C) between 6.