Publications by authors named "David A Wilkie"
Objective: To compare complication rates and visual outcomes following phacoemulsification in Pugs versus dogs of other breeds.
Animals Studied: Thirty-two pure-bred Pugs (55 eyes) and 32 dogs of other breeds (56 eyes) undergoing phacoemulsification.
Procedures: Multi-institutional retrospective medical record review of perioperative factors, postoperative complications, and visual outcomes.
Purpose: To determine whether trypan blue (TB) reduces canine lens epithelial cell (LEC) or corneal endothelial cell (CEC) viability in vitro; if cell death is noted, to subsequently evaluate the molecular mechanism.
Methods: Cellular viability was determined using a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. In TB-treated LECs, caspase 3/7 activity was assessed to evaluate apoptosis; autophagy was evaluated using immunoblotting against LC3 and p62.
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of grape seed extract (GSE), lutein, and fish oil containing omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress, migration, proliferation, and viability of lens epithelial cells (LECs). SAMPLE Lens capsules or cultured LECs obtained from canine cadavers. PROCEDURES An antioxidant reductive capacity assay was used to determine reducing capability of each substance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe object is to determine the neuroprotective and antioxidative effects of submicron and blended Lycium barbarum (LB) on retinal degeneration as evaluated by ERG, retinal histopathology and assays of antioxidant (total GSH) and peroxidant (MDA) in the retina. A rat model of light-induced retinal degeneration was used to assess the protective effect of different forms of Lycium barbarum (LB) on retinal degeneration. Rats were divided into four experimental groups, normal control, light-induced untreated, submicron LB and blended LB treated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 6-month-old intact male Standard Dachshund was referred for evaluation of a soft tissue swelling above the right eye. Examination of the right eye revealed mild lateral deviation of the globe, normal vision, and a dorsonasal soft tissue swelling. Examination of the posterior segment was normal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe the clinical and histopathologic features of glaucoma associated with Descemet's membrane (DM) detachment in five horses without prior history of intraocular surgery.
Animals Studied: Three Appaloosa horses and two Thoroughbreds were included in this study. The affected horses ranged in age from 16 to 27 years and presented with severe diffuse corneal edema.
Objective: To determine whether any association exists between the onset of feline acute bullous keratopathy (ABK) and administration of systemic corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy.
Animals Studied: Medical records of cats diagnosed with ABK between the years of 2000 and 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Breed, age at diagnosis, weight, systemic disease status, eye affected, ophthalmic examination findings, systemic and topical therapy instituted, dosage and duration of therapy, visual outcome and histopathological analyses were recorded in cases meeting the inclusion criteria.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to find the effective dose and delivery time of Cyclosporine A (CsA) needed to prevent posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in an ex vivo canine model while exploring how CsA induces cell death.
- Canine lens epithelial cells (LEC) treated with CsA showed reduced viability and specific morphological changes, and further analysis indicated that CsA leads to cell death primarily through autophagy rather than significant apoptosis.
- Treatment with CsA for 6 days at a concentration of 10 μg/mL effectively prevented the formation of PCO in cultured lens capsules, highlighting the potential therapeutic role of CsA in lens surgery outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in diabetic and nondiabetic dogs following phacoemulsification.
Procedures: Medical records were reviewed for signalment, body weight, diabetes status, and STT at the preoperative and all postoperative examinations. A clinical diagnosis of KCS was defined as a STT <15 mm/min with compatible clinical signs.
Objective: To evaluate and compare surgical outcome and complications in canine eyes with stable, cataractous lenses undergoing routine phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation with or without implantation of a capsular tension ring device (CTR).
Procedures: Dogs undergoing routine bilateral phacoemulsification and IOL implantation had one eye randomly chosen to have a CTR (47 eyes) inserted while the contralateral eye served as a control (47 eyes). The CTR was placed in the capsular bag following phacoemulsification and immediately prior to IOL implantation.
Purpose: To determine appropriate location and energy settings for trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) for buphthalmic equine globes.
Animals: Eleven horses with a buphthalmic eye blinded by glaucoma presented for enucleation.
Methods: Globe and corneal dimensions were measured via ultrasonography and calipers, and TSCPC was performed under general anesthesia immediately prior to enucleation.
Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate ex vivo the effects of using a custom tip to direct a pulsed stream of fluid to remove residual lens epithelial cells (LECs) and reduce posterior capsule opacification (PCO) formation following phacoemulsification.
Methods: Twenty-four canine cadaver eyes were assigned to one of three treatment groups. Six eyes (Control Group) had standard phacoemulsification only, nine eyes (Group 1) had standard phacoemulsification followed by capsular washing using intermediate settings (power = 40%, pulses per second [PPS] = 50, 30 s washing per capsule hemisphere), and nine eyes (Group 2) had standard phacoemulsification followed by aggressive capsular washing (power = 60%, PPS = 50, 60 s washing per capsule hemisphere).
Objective: To evaluate for drugs with superior neuroprotective efficacy and investigate their underlying mechanisms related to antioxidation.
Procedures: Brinzolamide (1%), timolol (0.5%), minocycline (22 mg/kg), lidocaine (1.
Purpose: To describe the use of episcleral silicone matrix cyclosporine (ESMC) drug delivery devices in horses with immune-mediated keratitis (IMMK) with evaluation of tolerability and efficacy in long-term control of inflammation.
Methods: Retrospective study. ESMC implants (1.
Purpose: To characterize and describe the histopathologic findings in equine globes enucleated due to glaucoma.
Methods: Medical records at The Ohio State University from 1999 to 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Signalment, history, and treatment data were collected, and histologic slides of enucleated globes were examined and lesions recorded.
A 5-year-old spayed female diabetic mixed-breed dog underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation to correct bilateral hypermature cataracts. Two months postsurgery, the patient presented with ulcerative keratitis and multifocal stromal abscessation OD, which was controlled, but never resolved, with topical fluoroquinolone therapy. The patient re-presented 2 months later with a new, raised, white gritty corneal opacity associated with hyperemia, chemosis, and blepharospasm OD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an aqueous calcineurin inhibitor, SCY-641, in the treatment of naturally occurring canine immune-mediated keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS).
Methods: A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical study of 56-day duration was performed in dogs with naturally occurring immune-mediated KCS assigned to treatment with either topical twice-daily aqueous calcineurin inhibitor solution (SCY-641) or artificial tears (placebo) by the study administrator. Clinical examination and Schirmer tear tests (STT) were performed prior to therapy and at days 7, 14, 28, and 56 after initiation of treatment.
Objective: To describe the clinical findings and prognosis for extraocular lymphoma in the horse.
Procedures: Retrospective medical records study of horses diagnosed with third eyelid, corneoscleral, conjunctival, and/or eyelid lymphoma from multiple academic and private veterinary institutions. Data collected from the medical records included signalment, clinical descriptions of the extraocular lesions, treatment, and treatment outcomes.
Purpose: Because hyaluronic acid (HA) is found in many surgical viscoelastic agents, this study aimed to determine (1) if HA receptors are present in the canine lens, (2) if the rate of lens epithelial cell (LEC) migration is altered following treatment with HA, and (3) if introduction of exogenous HA into the lens capsule promotes lenticular migration, thus contributing to posterior capsule opacification (PCO).
Methods: Normal and cataractous canine LECs were evaluated for expression of the HA receptor CD44 and the receptor for HA mediated motility (RHAMM) using immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and real-time PCR. Canine LEC were treated with various concentrations of HA, and induction of migration was monitored over time.
Objective: To describe the long-term histologic and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effects of diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCP) on the normal equine eye.
Animals: Eight normal adult horses.
Procedures: TSCP was performed in one randomly assigned eye.
Purpose: To report a case of primary central corneal hemangiosarcoma in the dog.
Methods: An 11-year-old, neutered, female, German shepherd mixed breed dog was referred to the Hospital Veterinario Sierra de Madrid (Spain) for evaluation of an enlarging corneal mass of the left eye (OS). The dog was predominantly housed outdoors and was diagnosed with a history of chronic superficial keratitis of both eyes (OU) by the referring veterinarian.
Objective: To determine the long-term efficacy, complications, and duration of effect of a cyclosporine (CsA) suprachoroidal implant (CSI) in horses with equine recurrent uveitis (ERU).
Methods: Horses with ERU were treated with a 6-mm diameter, 25 mg, reservoir matrix CsA implant in the deep sclera adjacent to the suprachoroidal space. Horses with follow-up >1 year were examined for frequency of uveitis episodes, complications, and vision at last recheck.
Objective: To evaluate the outcome of diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCP) for the treatment of glaucoma in horses.
Procedure: Medical records at The Ohio State University were reviewed. All horses that underwent diode laser TSCP between the years of 1995 and 2007 were included.
Repair of eyelid agenesis in nine eyes of five cats using a lip commissure to eyelid transposition is described. The procedure is a modification of the technique described by Pavletic for reconstruction of the canine inferior eyelid and provides skin, mucosa, a mucocutaneous junction, and muscle to reconstruct the superior and inferior eyelid and lateral canthus. The technique was successful in all eyes and resulted in improvement in corneal protection, cosmesis and in several cats a return of the palpebral reflex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is not to specifically discuss the techniques of veterinary cataract surgery, but rather to emphasize some of the differences between the veterinary and human cataract patients, procedures and outcomes.
Recent Findings: In general, veterinary cataract surgery has more similarities than differences when compared to its human counterpart. This is especially true when comparing pediatric cataract patients.