Use of point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: There is growing interest in the use of point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest, but few studies document its use in the intensive care unit.

Objective: We hypothesised this may reflect a low prevalence of use of point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest or negative attitudes towards its use. We aimed to determine the self-reported prevalence, attitudes towards, and barriers to use of point-of-care ultrasound during cardiac arrest in the intensive care unit.

COBRA: COde Blue Retrospective Audit in a metropolitan hospital.

Background: Inhospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is an uncommon but challenging problem.

Aims: To investigate the management and outcomes of IHCA, and to investigate the effect of introducing a medical emergency team (MET) on IHCA prevalence.

Methods: Retrospective medical record review of 176 adult IHCA episodes at Box Hill Hospital, a university-affiliated public hospital in metropolitan Melbourne, from July 2012 to June 2017.

Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) on blood pressure and electrolyte handling in the late pregnant rat.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Pregnancy requires marked renal sodium and potassium retention and cumulative plasma volume expansion, in the setting of reduced blood pressure. Research in male rodents has shown that activation of PAR2 can produce peripheral vasodilatation, stimulate renal sodium chloride reabsorption and inhibit renal potassium secretion. Here, we investigate PAR2 activation in virgin and normal pregnant rats.

Renal T cell infiltration occurs despite attenuation of development of hypertension with hydralazine in Envigo's female Dahl rat maintained on a low-Na diet.

Many studies have suggested that renal T cell infiltration contributes to the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension. To investigate this mechanism further, we determined T cell profiles in the kidney and lymphoid tissues as a function of blood pressure in the female Envigo Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rat maintained on low-Na (LS) diet. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were measured by telemetry in SS rats from 1 mo old (juvenile) to 4 mo old.

Salt-sensitive (Rapp) rats from Envigo spontaneously develop accelerated hypertension independent of ovariectomy on a low-sodium diet.

Inbred salt-sensitive (SS) rats developed by John Rapp and distributed by Harlan (SS/JrHsd) were shown to model ovariectomy-induced hypertension because on a low-sodium (LS) diet, ovariectomized SS (SS-OVX) animals became hypertensive in contrast to their sham-operated (SS-SHAM) normotensive littermates. After Harlan merged with Envigo in 2015, inconsistencies in the LS normotensive phenotype were reported. To further investigate these inconsistencies, we studied the effects of ovariectomy on SS and salt-resistant (SR) rats purchased from Envigo (SS/JrHsd/Env) between 2015 and 2017.

Renal and colonic potassium transporters in the pregnant rat.

Gestational potassium retention, most of which occurs during late pregnancy, is essential for fetal development. The purpose of this study was to examine mechanisms underlying changes in potassium handling by the kidney and colon in pregnancy. We found that potassium intake and renal excretion increased in late pregnancy while fecal potassium excretion remained unchanged and that pregnant rats exhibited net potassium retention.

Impact of food and the proton pump inhibitor rabeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of GDC-0941 in healthy volunteers: bench to bedside investigation of pH-dependent solubility.

GDC-0941 is an orally administered potent, selective pan-inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) with good preclinical antitumor activity in xenograft models and favorable pharmacokinetics and tolerability in phase 1 trials, and it is currently being investigated in phase II clinical trials as an anti-cancer agent. In vitro solubility and dissolution studies suggested that GDC-0941, a weak base, displays significant pH-dependent solubility. Moreover, preclinical studies conducted in famotidine-induced hypochlorhydric dog suggested that the pharmacokinetics of GDC-0941 may be sensitive to pharmacologically induced hypochlorhydria.

Prevalence of acid-reducing agents (ARA) in cancer populations and ARA drug-drug interaction potential for molecular targeted agents in clinical development.

Acid-reducing agents (ARAs) are the most commonly prescribed medications in North America and Western Europe. There are currently no data describing the prevalence of their use among cancer patients. However, this is a paramount question due to the potential for significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between ARAs, most commonly proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and orally administered cancer therapeutics that display pH-dependent solubility, which may lead to decreased drug absorption and decreased therapeutic benefit.

Three financial strategies.

The purpose of this article is to identify financial strategies that are truly effective. The principal research questions include whether specific dialysis cost reductions can be implemented without adversely affecting other operating costs or clinical outcomes. The regression analysis involves 120 months of data, 1990 to 1999, from each of six dialysis centers.

Identifying cost management strategies in dialysis clinics: sustainable savings with positive outcomes.

Objectives: To examine whether cost management strategies are used in a revenue-constrained environment without compromising clinical effectiveness.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of monthly cost and acuity-adjusted hospitalization data.

Methods: This research included longitudinal regression analyses involving 10 years of data, 1990 through 1999, from each of 6 dialysis centers.