Application of environmental DNA to detect an endangered marine skate species in the wild.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques have only recently been applied in the marine environment to detect the presence of marine species. Species-specific primers and probes were designed to detect the eDNA of the endangered Maugean skate (Zearaja maugeana) from as little as 1 L of water collected at depth (10-15 m) in Macquarie Harbour (MH), Tasmania. The identity of the eDNA was confirmed as Z.

The economics of health care quality and medical errors.

Hospitals have been looking for ways to improve quality and operational efficiency and cut costs for nearly three decades, using a variety of quality improvement strategies. However, based on recent reports, approximately 200,000 Americans die from preventable medical errors including facility-acquired conditions and millions may experience errors. In 2008, medical errors cost the United States $19.

Selective synthesis of 1-functionalized-alkyl-1H-indazoles.

An efficient method for the selective "N1" alkylation of indazoles is described. Use of alpha-halo esters, lactones, ketones, amides, and bromoacetonitrile provides good to excellent yield of the desired N1 products.