Assessment of bone marrow-derived Cellular Therapy in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (ACTiMuS): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: We have recently completed an evaluation of the safety and feasibility of intravenous delivery of autologous bone marrow in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). The possibility of repair was suggested by improvement in the neurophysiological secondary outcome measure seen in all participants. The current study will examine the efficacy of intravenous delivery of autologous marrow in progressive MS.

Does natalizumab treatment increase the risk of herpes simplex encephalitis in multiple sclerosis? Case and discussion.

This report presents the 4th documented case worldwide of herpes simplex encephalitis in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with natalizumab and the first case in the UK. Natalizumab is licensed for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis in patients with high disease activity despite treatment with interferon-beta and patients with rapidly evolving severe, multiple sclerosis. Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody targeted against alpha-4 integrin.

ANO5 gene analysis in a large cohort of patients with anoctaminopathy: confirmation of male prevalence and high occurrence of the common exon 5 gene mutation.

Limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2L or anoctaminopathy is a condition mainly characterized by adult onset proximal lower limb muscular weakness and raised CK values, due to recessive ANO5 gene mutations. An exon 5 founder mutation (c.191dupA) has been identified in most of the British and German LGMD2L patients so far reported.

Dental implant placement in type II diabetics: a review of the literature.

Diabetes mellitus was once considered a contraindication to the use of dental implant therapy as it has been associated with comorbidities, including increased susceptibility to infection, impaired wound healing, and periodontitis. Since dental implants and techniques for controlling diabetes have evolved, dental implant therapy has become increasingly common among patients with diabetes. The rising success of dental implants, along with the realized benefits of implant therapy has shifted current trends to accommodate patients with controlled diabetes as good candidates for treatment.

Rigid internal fixation of infected mandibular fractures.

Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of rigid internal fixation for the management of infected mandible fractures.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review of infected mandible fractures managed by a single oral and maxillofacial surgeon at a level I trauma center during a 7-year period was accomplished by independent examiners. All patients were treated with incision and drainage, culture and sensitivity testing, extraction of nonsalvageable teeth, placement of maxillomandibular fixation when possible, fracture reduction with bone debridement and decortication, rigid internal fixation of the mandible by an extraoral approach, and antibiotic therapy.

Orthognathic surgery in the young cleft patient: preliminary study on subsequent facial growth.

Purpose: This study evaluated the long-term effects of orthognathic surgery on subsequent growth of the maxillomandibular complex in the young cleft patient.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated 12 young cleft patients (9 male and 3 female patients), with a mean age of 12 years 6 months (range, 9 years 8 months to 15 years 4 months), who underwent Le Fort I osteotomies, with maxillary advancement, expansion, and/or downgrafting, by use of autogenous bone or hydroxyapatite grafts, when indicated, for maxillary stabilization. Five patients had concomitant osteotomies of the mandibular ramus.

Alveolar distraction osteogenesis for implant site development.

Alveolar distraction osteogenesis can be a valuable tool for implant site development. Simultaneous regeneration of hard and soft tissue and an overall decrease in treatment time compared with other methods of site preparation can be an advantage. The authors advocate the concept of "prosthetically driven alveolar distraction.

Referral patterns of general dental practitioners for oral surgical procedures.

Purpose: The health maintenance organizations (HMOs) in the United States continue to be a powerful force in the field of medicine. Their infiltration into dentistry has placed an emphasis on having the primary care provider (general practitioner [GP]) function as the central orchestrator from which patient care cascades. The purpose of this study is to determine the self-perceived threshold and referral tendencies for the GP to a specialist for oral surgical needs.

Dental findings associated with the malformations of CHARGE.

The acronym CHARGE refers to a non-random clustering of congenital malformations whose cause remains unknown. To date, the dental features of CHARGE association are not well known. A brief review of the literature and a case in a 10-year old boy with the CHARGE association are presented.