Retrospective analysis of translaminar, demographic, and physiologic parameters in relation to papilledema severity.

Objective: Some case reports suggest that the translaminar pressure difference is important in cases of papilledema. The purpose of this study was to determine ocular, physiologic, and demographic factors associated with papilledema severity.

Design: Retrospective, blinded study.

A Rare Ocular Presentation of Metastatic Lung Cancer: Unilateral Anterior Chamber Angle, Bilateral Choroidal, and Multiple Intracranial Metastases.

A 64-year-old man who presented with photopsia was found to have elevated intraocular pressure in one eye and optic disc swelling in the other eye. He was initially diagnosed with neurocysticercosis and later metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this paper is to report a rare case of bilateral glare as the first sign of diffusely metastatic cancer and to raise clinical suspicion for systemic malignancy in the presence of multiple ocular manifestations.

Spectrum and Clinical Course of Visual Field Abnormalities in Ethambutol Toxicity.

Visual toxicities from ethambutol are rare but represent one of the few causes of non-glaucomatous and non-compressive bitemporal hemianopsia. The authors present a six-patient case series illustrating variable clinical presentation and reversibility of visual loss in patients treated with ethambutol for complex, including four patients who presented with visual field defects suggestive of bitemporal hemianopsia. Two additional patients were being followed for glaucoma, developed visual field defects with ethambutol treatment, and subsequently recovered with cessation of drug.

A novel method for teaching key steps of strabismus surgery in the wet lab.

The surgical laboratory environment plays an important role in modern surgical education. Learning how to complete the key steps of strabismus surgery prior to actual surgery may enhance efficiency and sensitize the surgeon to potential complications. Cadaveric extraocular muscle is difficult to manipulate and specimens are not readily available; therefore, an alternative is needed to teach strabismus surgery techniques.

Perineural optic nerve enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging in giant cell arteritis.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) may cause visually devastating optic neuropathy. In atypical cases, diagnosis of optic neuropathy can be delayed. We present 2 such atypical cases and demonstrate that contrast-enhanced orbital magnetic resonance imaging may be a valuable tool in patient evaluation and aid in the diagnosis of GCA.

Shader Lamps Virtual Patients: the physical manifestation of virtual patients.

We introduce the notion of Shader Lamps Virtual Patients (SLVP) - the combination of projector-based Shader Lamps Avatars and interactive virtual humans. This paradigm uses Shader Lamps Avatars technology to give a 3D physical presence to conversational virtual humans, improving their social interactivity and enabling them to share the physical space with the user. The paradigm scales naturally to multiple viewers, allowing for scenarios where an instructor and multiple students are involved in the training.

Stage IV primitive-appearing sinus and orbital rhabdomyosarcoma presenting in a 68-year-old female previously treated for breast cancer.

A 68-year-old female who had undergone treatment several years previously for breast cancer presented with diplopia and unilateral proptosis and exposure keratopathy related to biopsy-proven rhabdomyosarcoma of the sinus and orbit. Further evaluation revealed multiple metastatic lesions felt to have originated from the primary sinus and orbital tumor. Histopathologic examination showed primitive-appearing rhabdomyosarcoma with some features suggestive of the alveolar subtype.