Lower extremity muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training in older adults: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of resistance training (RT) on knee extensor muscle hypertrophy in adults 65 years and older.

Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to review randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of supervised RT on 1) muscle size, 2) fiber area, and 3) leg lean mass (LLM). Random-effects meta-analyses of standardized mean difference (SMD) and raw mean difference (RMD) for LLM were calculated.

Associations Between Fat and Lean Mass Indexes and Physical Performance in Prefrail and Frail Older Women.

Age-related changes in body composition have been associated with reduced physical performance. However, the relationship of fat and lean mass indexes with physical performance in the setting of frailty is yet to be clearly established. We investigated the association between fat and lean mass indexes and physical performance in prefrail and frail older women.

Supplement-based nutritional strategies to tackle frailty: A multifactorial, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Sarcopenia plays a central role in the development of frailty syndrome. Nutrition and exercise are cornerstone strategies to mitigate the transition to frailty; however, there is a paucity of evidence for which dietary and exercise strategies are effective.

Objective: This large, multifactorial trial investigated the efficacy of different dietary strategies to enhance the adaptations to resistance training in pre-frail and frail elderly.

Number of high-protein containing meals correlates with muscle mass in pre-frail and frail elderly.

Background: Aging is accompanied by the inability to optimally respond to anabolic stimulus of nutrition, with consequent loss of muscle mass and functionality. It has been speculated that not only total protein intake, but also the per meal protein dose may have important implications to protein balance and, hence, muscle mass in middle-aged and older adults, but evidence is lacking in a more vulnerable population such as the frail elderly. The aim was to investigate possible associations between total protein intake and its per meal dose with multiple measures of muscle mass, strength, and functionality in a cohort of pre-frail and frail elderly individuals.

Different protein and derivatives supplementation strategies combined with resistance training in pre-frail and frail elderly: Rationale and protocol for the "Pro-Elderly" Study.

Background: Frailty is a multifactorial geriatric syndrome characterized by progressive decline in health and associated with decreased muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity. Resistance training (RT) combined with protein or amino acids supplementation has been shown to be promising for mitigating age-related impairments.

Aim: To investigate the chronic effects of different strategies of protein and derivatives supplementation in association with RT on selected health-related parameters in pre-frail and frail elderly.

Acute exercise does not impair renal function in nondialysis chronic kidney disease patients regardless of disease stage.

Exercise has been overlooked as a potential therapy in chronic kidney disease (CKD), mainly because of a lack of understanding on its safety aspects. Notably, there are no data on renal function after exercise in CKD considering its stages. We investigated the acute effects of a 30-min moderate-intensity aerobic exercise bout on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria in 22 nondialysis CKD patients divided into: CKD stages 1 and 2 (CKD) and CKD stages 3 and 4 (CKD).