Unlocking ocular biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.

Recent evidence suggests that ocular testing holds promise as a non-invasive and cost-effective method for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). After interviews with neurologists, optometrists, primary care physicians, and ophthalmologists, the potential for ocular biomarker testing to become a standard clinical practice in the future was assessed. Ocular tests offer a non-invasive alternative to blood-based testing, capturing a substantial niche of ≈ 4 to 8 million individuals in the United States during routine eye exams.

Standardized CT KUB Protocols for Nephrolithiasis: A Retrospective Analysis of Radiation Exposure and Cranial Extent Guidelines.

Background and aim Non-contrast computed tomography of kidneys, ureters, and bladder (CT KUB) is the gold standard radiological imaging for nephrolithiasis. It significantly contributes to the total radiation exposure of a population. This is well known to be linked to increased cancer risk over time and as such should be minimized in line with Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations (IR{ME}R).

Immediate Breast Reconstruction for Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma: A Scoping Review.

Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer involving skin lymphatics. Breast reconstruction traditionally has been delayed in IBC. Immediate reconstruction has been described in select patients.

Vision Crisis-Bilateral Outer Retinitis Due to Mumps Virus.

Purpose: To report a case of mumps-associated outer retinitis, diagnostic, and therapeutic challenges associated with the disease.

Method: Retrospective observational case report.

Results: An 8-year-old male child on presentation had a history of mumps infection following which he developed outer retinitis.

Green route to fabrication of Semal-ZnO nanoparticles for efficient solar-driven catalysis of noxious dyes in diverse aquatic environments.

This work successfully demonstrates a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach for synthesizing Semal-ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of L. These NPs exhibit an absorption peak at approximately 390 nm in the UV-visible spectrum and an energy gap (E) of 3.11 eV.

Wake Up Safe in the USA & International Patient Safety.

Patient safety is the most important aspect of anesthetic care. For both healthcare professionals and patients, the ideal would be no significant morbidity or mortality under anesthesia. Lessons from harm during healthcare can be shared to reduce harm and to increase safety.

Nano-radiopharmaceuticals as therapeutic agents.

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in exploring the potential synergy between nanotechnology and nuclear medicine. The application of radioactive isotopes, commonly referred to as radiopharmaceuticals, is recognized in nuclear medicine for diagnosing and treating various diseases. Unlike conventional pharmaceutical agents, radiopharmaceuticals are designed to work without any pharmacological impact on the body.

A Review of Approaches to Potentiate the Activity of Temozolomide against Glioblastoma to Overcome Resistance.

A glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive, infiltrative, and treatment-resistant malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). The current standard of care for GBMs include maximally safe tumor resection, followed by concurrent adjuvant radiation treatment and chemotherapy with the DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), which was approved by the FDA in 2005 based on a marginal increase (~2 months) in overall survival (OS) levels. This treatment approach, while initially successful in containing and treating GBM, almost invariably fails to prevent tumor recurrence.

A Phase 0/I Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamics and Safety and Tolerability Study of Letrozole in Combination with Standard Therapy in Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas.

Purpose: High-grade gliomas (HGG) carry a poor prognosis, with glioblastoma accounting for almost 50% of primary brain malignancies in the elderly. Unfortunately, despite the use of multiple treatment modalities, the prognosis remains poor in this population. Our preclinical studies suggest that the presence of aromatase expression, encoded by CYP19A1, is significantly upregulated in HGGs.

Maternal and child nutrition services associated with nutritional knowledge and practices, India.

Objective: To evaluate whether maternal and child nutrition activities provided through the Indian Integrated Child Development Services scheme in India were associated with improved nutritional knowledge and practices among beneficiary women.

Methods: We used a multistage sampling design to randomly select 4400 pregnant women or mothers of children younger than 2 years for a cross-sectional telephone survey. The respondents were beneficiaries of the scheme from across 11 Indian states.

Deciphering the key pathway for triterpenoid biosynthesis in A. Juss.: a comprehensive review of omics studies in nature's pharmacy.

Since ancient times, , or Neem, has been a well-known species of plant that produces a broad range of bioactive terpenoid chemicals that are involved in a variety of biological functions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the biosynthesis and control of terpenoid synthesis is majorly dependent on successfully identifying the genes that are involved in their production. This review provides an overview of the recent developments concerning the identification of genes in that are responsible for the production of terpenoids.

Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 Infections and Mortality During Unique COVID-19 Epidemic Waves.

Importance: Quantifying the burden of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated mortality is necessary to assess the need for infection prevention and control measures.

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated 30-day mortality among patients admitted to hospitals in Region Stockholm, Sweden.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective, matched cohort study divided the period from March 1, 2020, until September 15, 2022, into a prevaccination period, early vaccination and pre-Omicron (period 1), and late vaccination and Omicron (period 2).

K 2.2 (KCNN2): A physiologically and therapeutically important potassium channel.

One group of the K ion channels, the small-conductance Ca -activated potassium channels (K 2.x, also known as SK channels family), is widely expressed in neurons as well as the heart, endothelial cells, etc. They are named small-conductance Ca -activated potassium channels (SK channels) due to their comparatively low single-channel conductance of about ~10 pS.

Endobariatrics: a Still Underutilized Weight Loss Tool.

Purpose Of Review: Bariatric and metabolic endoscopic therapies provide an option for patients seeking clinically significant weight loss with fewer adverse events than conventional bariatric surgery. Our aims are to provide an overview of the current state of primary endoscopic treatment options for weight loss and to emphasize the importance of including these therapies when presenting weight loss options to qualified patients.

Recent Findings: Bariatric endoscopy procedures are associated with a lower adverse event rate when compared to bariatric surgery and result in more weight loss than most existing pharmacotherapies approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Technical Feasibility of Whole-eye Vascular Composite Allotransplantation: A Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: There are over 43 million individuals in the world who are blind. As retinal ganglion cells are incapable of regeneration, treatment modalities for this condition are limited. Since first incepted in 1885, whole-eye transplantation (WET) has been proposed as the ultimate cure for blindness.

Hemorrhagic Shock After Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy Successfully Treated With Endoscopic Therapy.

Prostate cancer is the second cause of cancer-related deaths among men in the United States. Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of prostate cancer. This is a relatively safe procedure, yet bears the small risk of hemorrhage.

Development of a robust and quantitative high-throughput screening method for assessing phenotypic variation in large isolate collections.

Genome-wide association studies are a powerful approach for identifying determinants of disease. For infectious diseases, high throughput assays are required for measuring the variance in multiple virulence-related phenotypes of large bacterial isolate collections and for association of this phenotypic variance with genotype. The primary limiting factors are cost, effectiveness and a standardized inoculum.

Variable disruption of epithelial monolayers by carriage isolates of the hypervirulent MenW cc11 and MenY cc23 lineages.

Colonization of mucosal tissues by requires adhesion mediated by the type IV pilus and multiple outer-membrane proteins. Penetration of the mucosa and invasion of epithelial cells are thought to contribute to host persistence and invasive disease. Using Calu-3 cell monolayers grown at an air-liquid interface, we examined adhesion, invasion and monolayer disruption by carriage isolates of two clonal complexes of .

Perfusion index as a predictor of working pediatric caudal block under general anesthesia- A prospective observational study.

Background And Aims: Advances in pulse oximeter technology have enabled us to measure parameters such as perfusion index (PI). We aimed to ascertain the utility of PI in the lower limb for evaluating the onset and adequacy of the pediatric caudal block under general anesthesia. The primary objective was to monitor PI trends after caudal block.

Dietary choline intake is necessary to prevent systems-wide organ pathology and reduce Alzheimer's disease hallmarks.

There is an urgent need to identify modifiable environmental risk factors that reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The B-like vitamin choline plays key roles in body- and brain-related functions. Choline produced endogenously by the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase protein in the liver is not sufficient for adequate physiological functions, necessitating daily dietary intake.

Rapid-Onset Obesity, Hypothalamic Dysregulation, Hypoventilation, Autonomic Dysregulation, and Neuroendocrine Tumour: Rare Syndrome with Myriad Anaesthesia Implications.

Anaesthesia management of a child with rapid-onset obesity, hyperphagia, and hypothalamic dysfunction syndrome is complex due to the multisystem involvement, the most important features being morbid obesity, autonomic dysfunction, and dyselectrolytemia due to hypothalamic dysfunction. The acronym of the disease was amended in 2008 to rapid-onset obesity, hyperphagia, hypothalamic dysfunction neural crest tumour to include the risk of ganglioneuroma or ganglioneuroblastoma. Patients usually require removal of tumour in the prone position.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) adsorptive removal by algal magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite.

In the present study, ferric oxide nanoparticles impregnated with activated carbon from Ulva prolifera biomass (UPAC-FeO) were prepared and employed to remove 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) by adsorption. The UPAC-FeO nanocomposite was characterized for its structural and functional properties by a variety of techniques. The nanocomposite had a jagged, irregular surface with pores due to uneven scattering of FeO nanoparticles, whereas elemental analysis portrayed the incidence of carbon, oxygen, and iron.

As (III) removal using superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles synthesized using Ulva prolifera - optimization, isotherm, kinetic and equilibrium studies.

In this study, magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized using the seaweed - Ulva prolifera, an amply found marine source in the Western coastal regions of India. The surface and other properties of MNPs were characterized by many sophisticated methods. Spherical nanoclusters were observed in the FESEM image and iron and oxygen elements were seen in EDS results.