Risk factors for the presence of high-level shedders of Escherichia coli O157 on Scottish farms.

Escherichia coli O157 infections are the cause of sporadic or epidemic cases of often bloody diarrhea that can progress to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a systematic microvascular syndrome with predominantly renal and neurological complications. HUS is responsible for most deaths associated with E. coli O157 infection.

Herd-level risk factors associated with the presence of Phage type 21/28 E. coli O157 on Scottish cattle farms.

Background: E. coli O157 is a bacterial pathogen that is shed by cattle and can cause severe disease in humans. Phage type (PT) 21/28 is a subtype of E.