Efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy for pediatric achalasia: A nationwide study.

Achalasia, a rare esophageal motility disorder characterized by the inability of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax and loss of esophageal peristalsis, significantly impacts pediatric patient quality of life through symptoms like dysphagia, chest pain, and weight loss. This nationwide retrospective cohort study evaluates the efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for pediatric achalasia in Mongolia, contributing to the limited global data on this minimally invasive treatment in children. Conducted between February 2020 and March 2022 at 2 tertiary centers, the study included symptomatic achalasia patients, treatment-naive or those with unsatisfactory outcomes from previous esophageal dilations.

Risk factors associated with hepatitis D virus infection and preventive strategies in Mongolia.

Background: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is highly prevalent in Mongolia. We aimed to identify the risk factors associated with HDV infection, propose preventive strategies, and evaluate the outcomes of a 3-year collaborative project between Taiwan and Mongolia.

Methods: In 2016 and 2018, we conducted onsite visits to Mongolia.

Study of Isolated from a High-Gastric-Cancer-Risk Population: Unveiling the Comprehensive Analysis of Virulence-Associated Genes including Secretion Systems, and Genome-Wide Association Study.

Background: The prevalence of gastric cancer in Mongolia, in East Asia, remains the highest in the world. However, most strains in Mongolia have a less virulent Western-type CagA. We aimed to determine how genomic variation affected gastric diseases, especially gastric cancer, based on comprehensive genome analysis.

Utilization of an Automated Latex Agglutination Turbidity Assay for Assessing Gastric Mucosal Alteration during Infection.

Background/aims: : A latex agglutination turbidity (LA) assay to test for serum antibodies has been approved in Japan and Korea for mass screening of infection. In this study, we evaluated the LA assay for diagnosing infection and predicting gastric mucosal changes in a Mongolian population.

Methods: : In total, 484 individuals were classified into -positive (n=356) and -negative (n=128) groups, as determined by histology and culture.

Peripheral B cells from patients with hepatitis C virus-associated lymphoma exhibit clonal expansion and an anergic-like transcriptional profile.

Chronic HCV infection remains a global health concern due to its involvement in hepatic and extrahepatic diseases, including B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (BNHL). Clinical and epidemiological evidence support a causal role for HCV in BNHL development, although mechanistic insight is lacking. We performed RNA-sequencing on peripheral B cells from patients with HCV alone, BNHL alone, and HCV-associated BNHL to identify unique and shared transcriptional profiles associated with transformation.

A single hepatitis B virus genome with a reporter allows the entire viral life cycle to be monitored in primary human hepatocytes.

For the development of antiviral agents to eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV), it is essential to establish an HBV cell culture system that can easily monitor HBV infection. Here, we created a novel HBV infection monitoring system using a luminescent 11-amino acid reporter, the high-affinity subunit of nano-luciferase binary technology (HiBiT). The HiBiT-coding sequence was inserted at the N-terminus of preS1 in a 1.

Advantage of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing in Helicobacter pylori diagnosis.

Background: 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing is an accurate method of detecting microbial infection without culture. It is unclear if sequencing has additional benefits over routine diagnostic methods for Helicobacter pylori testing.

Methods: We enrolled Mongolian volunteers with dyspepsia.

High Antibiotic Resistance of and Its Associated Novel Gene Mutations among the Mongolian Population.

Mongolia has a high prevalence of infection and the second highest incidence of gastric cancer worldwide. Thus, investigating the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and its underlying genetic mechanism is necessary. We isolated 361 strains throughout Mongolia.

Western-Type CagA are the Most Frequent Type in Mongolian Patients.

infection possessing East-Asian-type CagA is associated with carcinogenesis. Mongolia has the highest mortality rate from gastric cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the CagA status in the Mongolian population.

Initial Trials With Susceptibility-Based and Empiric Anti- Therapies in Mongolia.

Mongolia has a high prevalence of infection and gastric cancer. We conducted a prospective, randomized, single-blind study to evaluate the efficacy of common regimens in Mongolia and to obtain specimens for susceptibility testing. Empiric treatments: 270 patients with confirmed infection were randomized to receive 10 days clarithromycin-triple therapy (Clari-TT) ( = 90), modified bismuth quadruple therapy (M-BQT) ( = 90), or sequential therapy (ST) ( = 90).

International Liver Transplantation Society Asian Consensus on the Management of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Resource Limited Setting-From Noncirrhotic to Decompensated Disease and After Liver Transplantation.

Background: The population of Asia exceeds 4.4 billion people. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Asia is characterized by specific distribution of genotypes, lack of access to specific therapeutic agents, relatively high cost of treatment, and lack of experienced healthcare providers.

Evaluation of serum markers for gastric cancer and its precursor diseases among high incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer area.

Background: Mongolia has the highest mortality rate of gastric cancer. The early detection of cancer and down-staging screening for high risk patients are essential. Therefore, we aimed to validate serum markers for stratifying patients for further management.

New observations regarding Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer in Mongolia.

Background: The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in Mongolia is among the highest in the world.

Methods: This was a case-control study in which upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, gastric histology, Helicobacter pylori testing, and risk factor questionnaires were obtained. Histologic subtypes were determined by Lauren's classification.

The prevalence of infection and other risk factors among Mongolian dyspeptic patients who have a high incidence and mortality rate of gastric cancer.

Background: Mongolia has not only the second highest incidence rate but also the highest mortality rate for gastric cancer globally. In addition to gastric cancer, ulcerative disease complications are also life threatening; thus, investigating infection and other risk factors is essential.

Results: infection was high in tested dyspeptic patients from all parts of Mongolia, with an overall infection rate of 80.

Gastric mucosa in Mongolian and Japanese patients with gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori infection.

Aim: To investigate the characteristics of gastric cancer and gastric mucosa in a Mongolian population by comparison with a Japanese population.

Methods: A total of 484 Mongolian patients with gastric cancer were enrolled to study gastric cancer characteristics in Mongolians. In addition, a total of 208 Mongolian and 3205 Japanese consecutive outpatients who underwent endoscopy, had abdominal complaints, no history of gastric operation or Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment, and no use of gastric secretion inhibitors such as histamine H2-receptor antagonists or proton pump inhibitors were enrolled.

Aflatoxin exposure may not play a role in liver cancer development in Mongolia.

Background/aims: The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Mongolia is growing at an alarming rate. Traditional dried food was suggested as the major reason for high HCC numbers, due to possible aflatoxin contamination during manufacturing. We thus aimed to measure aflatoxin concentrations in Mongolian food samples.

Hepatocellular carcinoma and its early detection by AFP testing in Mongolia.

Liver cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in Mongolia. Since 1982-1986 , when HCC became the most frequent cancer among the Mongolian population, the rate has been increasing continuously. In the period 2000-2005 years 35.