ABH and Lewis immunohistochemistry of the human eye.

ABH and Lewis antigens are detected by immunohistochemistry exclusively in the anterior cornea epithelium and in the conjunctiva bulbi, but not in the ciliary body, in the retina, or in the vitreous body of the eye. The ABH antigens found in the vitreous humor by the absorption elution technique (Rordorf et al., Forensic Sci.

[Secondary posterior chamber lenses. Implantation in intact, partially intact and missing posterior lens capsule].

Between January 1988 and December 1991, 63 patients (75 eyes) underwent secondary posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The mean period since primary cataract extraction was 85 months, and the mean age of these patients was 58 years. In 47 eyes with extracapsular aphakia the IOL was ciliary sulcus-fixated following polishing of the posterior capsule and synecholysis.

[Covered rupture of periocular dermoid cysts. Clinico-histologic study].

Background: Dermoid cysts are common periocular tumours that occur in childhood and can, in case of rupture, result in persistent granulomatous inflammation. Histologically signs of chronical inflammation of the wall of the dermoid cyst are occasionally found in dermoid cysts that show no clinical symptoms. The aim of this study is to analyze frequency and etiology of this inflammation.

[Melanoma of the iris with recurrent hyphema--course over 32 years].

Background: The differential diagnosis of melanocytic iris tumours is very difficult. Signs of malignancy such as pupil distortion, ectropium uveae, secondary cataract and secondary glaucoma can also occur with benign iris nevi. However, spontaneous hyphemata occur in 6.

[Krypton laser therapy. Use in secondary serous detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium and in multiple idiopathic serous detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium].

Two variants of serious detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are demonstrated with reports of typical cases: (1) secondary serous detachment of the RPE; (2) idiopathic serous detachment of the RPE (pigment epithelium detachment not associated with any other retinal or choroidal disease). Fluorescein angiographic criteria for differential diagnosis and the resulting different techniques of krypton laser coagulation are portrayed: (a) focal krypton laser coagulation of the total area of the pigment epithelium detachment; (b) circular, one-row laser coagulation at the detachment borders. The advantages of circular, one-row laser coagulation of idiopathic serous RPE detachment over coagulation of the total area of the RPE detachment are described: first, these are fewer scotomas following coagulation; second, fewer laser foci are required; and third, the risk of subretinal bleeding is lower.

[Terson syndrome. Complicated clinical course].

A report is given on three patients who developed spontaneous subarachnoidal bleeding, together with vitreous hemorrhage (Terson's syndrome). In two patients the vitreous hemorrhage was unilateral and showed spontaneous resorption within 15 months. The third patient presented with bilateral vitreous hemorrhage, which first showed slow spontaneous resorption.

[Central areolar pigment epithelium dystrophy. Its differentiation from other dominant macular dystrophies].

Central areolar pigment epithelial dystrophy (CAPE dystrophy) is a rare, dominantly transmitted, dystrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. The disease does not cause severe loss of function. This is partly due to the slightly eccentric localization of the dystrophy (the pigment epitheliopathy has a paramacular temporal localization).

Results of extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation in eyes with uveitis and Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis.

A total of 63 cataractous eyes of 48 patients (group 1) with uveitis and 12 eyes of 12 patients (group 2) with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis underwent extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with capsular bag fixation of a posterior-chamber intraocular lens (PC OIL). A perioperative regimen of systemic dexamethasone (0.8-1.

[Clinical aspects, differential diagnosis and histopathology of spontaneous subretinal mass hemorrhage].

This report describes the clinico-histopathologic correlation of three eyes (of three patients aged 80, 82 and 86 years) with massive subretinal hemorrhage. Two blind eyes were enucleated because of a painful therapy-resistant angle-closure glaucoma, one eye was suspected to have a melanoma of the choroid. Bleeding was predisposed by anticoagulant therapy for systemic problems in one patient and by thrombocytopenia in another patient.

[Pathology of the corneal endothelium in bullous keratopathy following iris clip lens implants].

12 patients developed pseudophakic bullous keratopathy 2 to 7 years following i.c. cataract-extraction with implantation of 4-loop iris clip lenses necessitating perforating keratoplasty.

[Clinico-histopathologic correlation of ganciclovir-treated cytomegalovirus retinitis].

A 46 year old AIDS-patient, who had developed CMV-retinitis was treated with the virostatic drug dihydroxypropoxymethylguanine (DHPG, Ganciclovir) over a period of 16 months until he died due to a pneumonia. After the DHPG-treatment was initiated the retinitis improved markedly, however there still was a very slow progression of the disease in the following time. The central retina of both eyes was not affected until death.

[Clinical aspects and histopathology of the Cogan-Reese syndrome].

The present paper reports on a 55 year-old patient who had been suffering from progressive essential iris atrophy in her left eye since the age of 24. Ten years later she developed partial secondary angel-closure glaucoma that failed to respond to repeated surgical treatment. Twenty years after onset of the disease, pigmented nodules appeared on the left iris, leading to the diagnosis of Cogan-Reese syndrome.

[Clinical significance of age-related regional differences in distribution of human corneal endothelium].

In 30 donor corneas (age of donors 19-91 years), a total of 1,560,812 cells were counted following supravital endothelial staining in order to map cell distribution. This statistical material was analyzed in the present study in order to determine the following parameters for each cornea: total cell count, mean cell density, central cell density and maximum cell density. These parameters were plotted against the ages of the donors and a regression analysis was performed.

[Cytology of the corneal endothelium in endothelial dystrophy].

The corneal endothelium of 17 corneal buttons with endothelial dystrophy was investigated by means of vital staining and light microscopy. Each type of dystrophy was characterized by typical morphological changes in the endothelium: in Fuch's endothelial dystrophy (n = 13), subendothelial guttata formation is characteristic; in congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (n = 2), a high amount of multinucleated endothelial cells was found; in posterior polymorphous dystrophy (n = 2), a multilayered endothelium was the striking feature. There is a coherent endothelial cell layer in endothelial dystrophy that may indicate a disturbance in the endothelial pump function rather than a barrier defect caused by gaps between the endothelial cells.

[Mesectodermal leiomyoma of the ciliary body--clinical aspects, surgery and immunohistochemistry].

The clinical, surgical and light microscopical features of a mesectodermal leiomyoma of the ciliary body are presented. Slit-lamp examination of a 63-year old woman strongly suggested a malignant lesion of the ciliary body and the peripheral choroid. Following cryoretinopexy and argonlaser-photocoagulation, the tumor and the adjacent portion of the cornea, angle structures, iris, ciliary body, choroid and sclera were removed en bloc.

Histopathology findings following retinal tack implantation.

For the first time this report describes the histopathological findings 2 months after retinal-tack implantation in a human eye. A stainless-steel tack was implanted to seal a small retinal tear during vitrectomy because of severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a 38-year-old man. By gross examination the enucleated eye showed a total retinal detachment except at the site where the tack had been implanted.

[Ganciclovir (DHPG)--treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS].

The clinical course of 3 patients treated with the virostatic drug dihydroxypropoxymethylguanine (DHPG) is reported. With maintenance therapy the progression of retinitis was slow, but was not stopped. More rapid progression of retinitis could be observed after cessation of therapy because of DHPG-induced leukopenia.

[Vital staining of the corneal endothelium--increased possibilities of diagnosis].

When the endothelium is examined with vital staining techniques, followed by endothelial cell mapping the cell distribution can be demonstrated over the entire corneal surface. To determine the normal cell distribution, 30 corneas were examined of 30 patients who were 19-90 years of age. In all cases an inhomogeneous cell distribution was found for different areas of the corneas.

[Cholesterol granuloma of the orbits--clinicopathologic study].

Unilateral exophthalmos was caused by a cholesterol granuloma in a 42-year-old patient. The clinical picture, roentgenographic and NMR tomographic changes, surgical therapy and histopathological results are described and discussed with regard to the etiology and differential diagnosis of this disease.

[Development of cell polymorphism in human corneal endothelium].

The development of cell polymorphy in human corneal endothelium was investigated by vital staining. Endothelial cell coalescence, cell loss and amitotic nucleus division are possible causes of endothelial cell polymorphy. These possible causes are differentiated by various temporary stages, the number of nuclei in polymorphous cells, their relation to the number of adjacent cells and their different sizes.

[Unusual course of Candida endocarditis].

Fever, anemia, pulmonary infiltrates and weight loss occurred in a 47-year-old man four weeks after a gastric operation. On echocardiography and cardiac catheterization an atrial myxoma was revealed. In removing the myxoma the tricuspid valve apparatus was destroyed, requiring insertion of a bio-prosthetic valve (Hancock).