Ultra-Pressurized Deposition of Hydrophobic Chitosan Surface Coating on Wood for Fungal Resistance.

Fungi (, , and , ) impart wood rot, leading to economic and environmental issues. To overcome this issue, toxic chemicals are commonly employed for wood preservation, impacting the environment and human health. Surface coatings based on antimicrobial chitosan (CS) of high molar mass (145 × 10 Da) were tested as wood preservation agents using an innovative strategy involving ultra-pressurizing CS solutions to deposit organic coatings on wood samples.

Production of type-B trichothecenes by Fusarium meridionale, F. graminearum, and F. austroamericanum in wheat plants and rice medium.

Food security goes beyond food being available; the food needs to be free of contaminants. Trichothecenes mycotoxins, produced by Fusarium fungus, are. among the most frequently found contaminants of wheat.

Species Complex: A Bibliographic Analysis and Web-Accessible Database for Global Mapping of Species and Trichothecene Toxin Chemotypes.

is ranked among the five most destructive fungal pathogens that affect agroecosystems. It causes floral diseases in small grain cereals including wheat, barley, and oats, as well as maize and rice. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies reporting species within the species complex (FGSC) and created two main data tables.

First report of f. causing leaf spot on wheat in Brazil.

f. is well known for causing net form net blotch on barley, but its pathogenicity on wheat has also been reported in Hungary (Tóth et al. 2008) and east Russia (Mikhailova et al.

sp. nov., a new species causing gummosis of black wattle in Brazil.

A new species was found associated with gummosis in black wattle plantations in the subtropical, humid, south of Brazil. The new species is formally named herein based on phylogenetic and morphological analyses. This is the fourth species found from this pathogen complex in black wattle plantations causing gummosis in Brazil.

Fusarium subtropicale, sp. nov., a novel nivalenol mycotoxin-producing species isolated from barley (Hordeum vulgare) in Brazil and sister to F. praegraminearum.

Surveys were conducted in commercial wheat and barley fields in the south central production regions of state of Paraná, Brazil, from 2011 to 2015. Spikes displaying visible Fusarium head blight symptoms were collected and the pathogen isolated from the tissues. The 754 Fusarium isolates recovered were identified by a high-throughput multilocus genotyping assay (MLGT) designed to identify trichothecene toxin-producing fusaria (i.

Fusarium paranaense sp. nov., a member of the Fusarium solani species complex causes root rot on soybean in Brazil.

Isolates of Fusarium obtained from soybean plants showing symptoms of root rot collected in subtropical southern and tropical central Brazil were characterized based on phylogenetic analyses, sexual crossing, morphology, and pathogenicity tests. A novel species within the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) causing soybean root rot is formally described herein as Fusarium paranaense. This species can be distinguished from the other soybean root rot pathogens in the FSSC, which are commonly associated with soybean sudden death syndrome (SDS) based on analyses of the combined DNA sequences of translation elongation factor 1-α and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and on interspecies mating compatibility.

Fungi Isolated from Maize (Zea mays L.) Grains and Production of Associated Enzyme Activities.

Filamentous fungi produce a great variety of enzymes, and research on their biotechnological potential has recently intensified. The objective of this work was to identify, at the species level, using DNA barcoding, 46 fungal isolates obtained from maize grains with rot symptoms. We also analyzed the production of extracellular amylases, cellulases, proteases and lipases of 33 of those fungal isolates.

Regional and field-specific factors affect the composition of fusarium head blight pathogens in subtropical no-till wheat agroecosystem of Brazil.

A multiyear survey of >200 wheat fields in Paraná (PR) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS) states was conducted to assess the extent and distribution of Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) diversity in the southern Brazilian wheat agroecosystem. Five species and three trichothecene genotypes were found among 671 FGSC isolates from Fusarium head blight (FHB)-infected wheat heads: F. graminearum (83%) of the 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) genotype, F.

New PCR assays for the identification of Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium subglutinans, and other species of the Gibberella fujikuroi complex.

Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium subglutinans are important fungal pathogens of maize and other cereals worldwide. In this study, we developed PCR-based protocols for the identification of these pathogens targeting the gaoB gene, which codes for galactose oxidase. The designed primers recognized isolates of F.

A new PCR approach for the identification of Fusarium graminearum.

The main objective of this work was to develop a PCR protocol for the identification of Fusarium graminearum, based on a pair of primers targeted to a segment of the 3´coding region of the gaoA gene that codes for the enzyme galactose oxidase (GO). This region has low homology with the same region of GO genes from other fungi. Genomic DNA from 17 strains of Fusarium spp.