Comparative analysis of surgically induced astigmatism following cataract surgery: influence of previous myopic correction and corneal parameters.

Purpose: This retrospective study investigated the impact of corneal parameters on surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in eyes with prior myopic correction undergoing cataract surgery.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, San Marino Hospital, San Marino, Republic of San Marino.

Design: This case-control study analyzed existing data retrospectively, without randomization or masking.

Child and caregiver predictors of primary caregiver participation in families of school-aged Autistic children.

Engaging in meaningful activities (e.g., leisure, spiritual, fitness) significantly affects caregivers' quality of life (QoL), yet the determinants of participation in caregivers of Autistic children remain largely unknown.

Leisure, community, workforce participation and quality of life in primary and secondary caregivers of autistic children.

Parents of Autistic children often modify their participation in leisure, social, and employment activities to meet the caregiving needs of their child. However, few studies have examined the impact this has on caregiver quality of life (QoL). The aim in the current study was to examine the role of participation in a range of activities on QoL amongst primary and secondary caregivers of school-aged Autistic children.

Quantum discriminator for binary classification.

Quantum computers have the unique ability to operate relatively quickly in high-dimensional spaces-this is sought to give them a competitive advantage over classical computers. In this work, we propose a novel quantum machine learning model called the Quantum Discriminator, which leverages the ability of quantum computers to operate in the high-dimensional spaces. The quantum discriminator is trained using a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm in [Formula: see text] time, and inferencing is performed on a universal quantum computer in [Formula: see text] time.

Encoding integers and rationals on neuromorphic computers using virtual neuron.

Neuromorphic computers emulate the human brain while being extremely power efficient for computing tasks. In fact, they are poised to be critical for energy-efficient computing in the future. Neuromorphic computers are primarily used in spiking neural network-based machine learning applications.

Feasibility of wearable technology for 'real-world' gait analysis in children with Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes.

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are neurodevelopmental disorders in need of innovative 'real-world' outcome measures to evaluate treatment effects. Instrumented gait analysis (IGA) using wearable technology offers a potentially feasible solution to measure "real-world' neurological and motor dysfunction in these groups.

Methods: Children (50% female; 6-16 years) diagnosed with PWS (n = 9) and AS (n = 5) completed 'real-world' IGA assessments using the Physilog®5 wearable.

Patients on Buprenorphine Formulations Undergoing Surgery.

Purpose Of Review: To review the pharmacology of buprenorphine, the evolution of buprenorphine dosing recommendations, and the current literature regarding its recommendations for the perioperative period.

Recent Findings: There is a consensus that for all surgeries, buprenorphine should be continued throughout the perioperative period. If the surgery is a minimal to mild pain surgery, no dose adjustment is needed.

Opportunities for neuromorphic computing algorithms and applications.

Neuromorphic computing technologies will be important for the future of computing, but much of the work in neuromorphic computing has focused on hardware development. Here, we review recent results in neuromorphic computing algorithms and applications. We highlight characteristics of neuromorphic computing technologies that make them attractive for the future of computing and we discuss opportunities for future development of algorithms and applications on these systems.

Cumulative Mortality and Factors Associated With Outcomes of Mucormycosis After COVID-19 at a Multispecialty Tertiary Care Center in India.

Importance: An outbreak of COVID-19-associated rhino-orbitocerebral mucormycosis (CAM) has occurred in many parts of the world. Although the clinical profile and risk factors for CAM have been studied, cumulative mortality and its risk factors have not.

Objective: To report the cumulative mortality rates at different times in cases with CAM and identify risk factors for CAM-associated mortality.

Adiabatic quantum linear regression.

A major challenge in machine learning is the computational expense of training these models. Model training can be viewed as a form of optimization used to fit a machine learning model to a set of data, which can take up significant amount of time on classical computers. Adiabatic quantum computers have been shown to excel at solving optimization problems, and therefore, we believe, present a promising alternative to improve machine learning training times.

The Cost of Raising Individuals with Fragile X or Chromosome 15 Imprinting Disorders in Australia.

The study characterised differences in costs associated with raising a child between four rare disorders and examined the associations between these costs with clinical severity. Caregivers of 108 individuals with Prader-Willi, Angelman (AS), Chromosome 15q Duplication and fragile X (FXS) syndromes completed a modified Client Services Receipt Inventory and participants completed intellectual/developmental functioning and autism assessments. AS incurred the highest yearly costs per individual ($AUD96,994), while FXS had the lowest costs ($AUD33,221).

Mechanical stretch scales centriole number to apical area via Piezo1 in multiciliated cells.

How cells count and regulate organelle number is a fundamental question in cell biology. For example, most cells restrict centrioles to two in number and assemble one cilium; however, multiciliated cells (MCCs) synthesize hundreds of centrioles to assemble multiple cilia. Aberration in centriole/cilia number impairs MCC function and can lead to pathological outcomes.

QUBO formulations for training machine learning models.

Training machine learning models on classical computers is usually a time and compute intensive process. With Moore's law nearing its inevitable end and an ever-increasing demand for large-scale data analysis using machine learning, we must leverage non-conventional computing paradigms like quantum computing to train machine learning models efficiently. Adiabatic quantum computers can approximately solve NP-hard problems, such as the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), faster than classical computers.

Evaluation of the Morphology of Ganglion Cell Complex and Functional Outcomes after Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling with Macular Abrasion in Idiopathic Macular Hole.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the morphology of ganglion cell complex (GCC) along with functional outcomes in patients undergoing vitrectomy with ILM peeling and macular abrasion with Tano diamond dusted membrane scrapers (DDMS) for three different stages of the idiopathic macular hole (IMH).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between April 2019 and December 2019. 33 patients with IMH were included and divided into three groups: stage I, stage II, and stage IV.

Limited Vitrectomy versus Complete Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membranes: A Comparative Multicenter Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate whether limited vitrectomy is as effective as complete vitrectomy in eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM) and to compare the surgical times and rates of complications.

Methods: In this multicentre European study, data of eyes with ERM that underwent vitrectomy from January 2017 to July 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. In the limited vitrectomy group, a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) was induced up till the equator as opposed to complete PVD induction till the vitreous base in the comparison group.

Particle Filter for Randomly Delayed Measurements with Unknown Latency Probability.

This paper focuses on developing a particle filter based solution for randomly delayed measurements with an unknown latency probability. A generalized measurement model that includes measurements randomly delayed by an arbitrary but fixed maximum number of time steps along with random packet drops is proposed. Owing to random delays and packet drops in receiving the measurements, the measurement noise sequence becomes correlated.

Effect of a technology-supported physical activity intervention on health-related quality of life, sleep, and processes of behavior change in cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This pilot trial tested the effect of adding a multi-level, technology-based physical activity intervention module to a standard survivorship care plan for breast and colorectal cancer survivors. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether the physical activity module improved health-related quality of life, sleep, and factors key to lasting behavior change (eg, social support, self-efficacy).

Methods: Breast and colorectal cancer survivors (n = 50) were enrolled alongside a support partner.

Author Correction: Visualizing flow in an intact CSF network using optical coherence tomography: implications for human congenital hydrocephalus.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Evolution of methodology and reporting of emergency medicine quantitative research over a 20-year period.

Objective: We aimed to determine trends over time in article origin, and article and methodology characteristics.

Method: We examined original research articles published every fifth year over a 20-year period (1997-2017) in six emergency medicine (EM) journals (). Explicit data extraction of 21 article characteristics was undertaken.

Patient perceptions of participation in emergency medicine research projects.

Objective: To determine if ED research reflects patient expectations.

Method: A cross-sectional ED patient survey.

Results: Three hundred and nine (98.

Risk variables associated with abnormal calcium, magnesium and phosphate levels among emergency department patients.

Objective: The utility of calcium, magnesium and phosphate measurement in the ED is limited. We aimed to determine clinical risk variables for abnormal levels of these electrolytes in order to inform the development of an ordering guideline.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational study of patients who presented to a tertiary referral ED between January and June 2017.