When Social Hierarchy, Power, and Collective Autonomy Motivate Social Movement and Counter-Movement Mobilization Among Disadvantaged and Advantaged Groups.

What happens when disadvantaged groups feel that their freedom to define and practice their collective identity (i.e., collective autonomy) is restricted? The present theoretical review outlines the conditions under which social inequality activates the feelings of collective autonomy restriction among disadvantaged group members and motivates the mobilization of social movements seeking social equality.

Electro-chemo-mechanics of anode-free solid-state batteries.

Anode-free solid-state batteries contain no active material at the negative electrode in the as-manufactured state, yielding high energy densities for use in long-range electric vehicles. The mechanisms governing charge-discharge cycling of anode-free batteries are largely controlled by electro-chemo-mechanical phenomena at solid-solid interfaces, and there are important mechanistic differences when compared with conventional lithium-excess batteries. This Perspective provides an overview of the factors governing lithium nucleation, growth, stripping and cycling in anode-free solid-state batteries, including mechanical deformation of lithium, the chemical and mechanical properties of the current collector, microstructural effects, and stripping dynamics.

Designing Positive Psychology Interventions for Social Media: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Experiment With Young Adults With Cancer.

Background: Young adults (ages 18-39 years) with cancer face unique risks for negative psychosocial outcomes. These risks could be lessened with positive psychology interventions adapted for social media if intervention messages encourage intentions to do the activities and positive message reactions and if young adults with cancer perceive few downsides.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether social media messages from evidence-based positive psychology interventions encouraged intentions to do the intervention activities and intended positive message reactions, overall and among sociodemographic or cancer characteristic subgroups.

Tuning the selectivity of bimetallic Cu electrocatalysts for CO reduction using atomic layer deposition.

Cu-Zn bimetallic catalysts were synthesized on 3-D gas diffusion electrodes using atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques. Electrochemical CO reduction was evaluated, and a significant variation in the product selectivity was observed compared to unmodified Cu catalysts. As low as a single ALD cycle of ZnO resulted in a reduction of CH production and shift towards CO selectivity, which is attributed to changes in the chemical state of the surface.

Eliminating chemo-mechanical degradation of lithium solid-state battery cathodes during >4.5 V cycling using amorphous NbO coatings.

Lithium solid-state batteries offer improved safety and energy density. However, the limited stability of solid electrolytes (SEs), as well as irreversible structural and chemical changes in the cathode active material, can result in inferior electrochemical performance, particularly during high-voltage cycling (>4.3 V vs Li/Li).

The role of the dynamic epigenetic landscape in senescence: orchestrating SASP expression.

Senescence and epigenetic alterations stand out as two well-characterized hallmarks of aging. When cells become senescent, they cease proliferation and release inflammatory molecules collectively termed the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). Senescence and SASP are implicated in numerous age-related diseases.

Death ORACL: An Algorithm to Predict Death Using Insurance Claims Data.

The inability to identify dates of death in insurance claims data is the United States is a major limitation to retrospective claims-based research. While deaths result in disenrollment, disenrollment can also occur due to changes in insurance providers. We created an algorithm to differentiate between disenrollment from health plans due to death and disenrollment for other reasons.

Evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder is widely unavailable and often discouraged by providers of residential substance use services in North Carolina.

Introduction: Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) is the only treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) proven to reduce overdose mortality, yet access to this evidence-based treatment remains poor. The purpose of this cross-sectional audit study was to assess OAT availability at residential substance use services in North Carolina.

Methods: We conducted a state-wide inventory of residential substance use service providers in North Carolina and subsequently called all providers identified, posing as uninsured persons who use heroin, seeking treatment services.

Histone chaperone HIRA, promyelocytic leukemia protein, and p62/SQSTM1 coordinate to regulate inflammation during cell senescence.

Cellular senescence, a stress-induced stable proliferation arrest associated with an inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), is a cause of aging. In senescent cells, cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCFs) activate SASP via the anti-viral cGAS/STING pathway. Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein organizes PML nuclear bodies (NBs), which are also involved in senescence and anti-viral immunity.

Abuse-deterrent formulations and opioid-related harms in North Carolina, 2010-2018.

Abuse-deterrent formulations of opioid analgesics (ADFs) were introduced to reduce opioid-related harms among pain patients, but post-marketing study results have been mixed. However, these studies may be subject to bias from selection criteria, comparator choice, and potential confounding by "indication," highlighting the need for thorough study design considerations. In a sample of privately insured patients prescribed ADF or non-ADF extended-release/long-acting (ER/LA) opioids in North Carolina, we implemented a version of the prevalent new-user design to evaluate the relationship between ADFs and opioid use disorder (OUD, n=235) and opioid overdose (n=18) through six months of follow-up using inverse probability-weighted cumulative incidence functions and Fine-Gray models.

Xylazine is an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and exhibits sex-specific responses to opioid antagonism.

Xylazine is in the unregulated drug supply at increasing rates, usually combined with fentanyl, necessitating understanding of its pharmacology. Despite commentary from politicians, and public health officials, it is unknown how xylazine impacts naloxone efficacy, and. few studies have examined it alone.

Histone chaperone HIRA, Promyelocytic Leukemia (PML) protein and p62/SQSTM1 coordinate to regulate inflammation during cell senescence.

Cellular senescence, a stress-induced stable proliferation arrest associated with an inflammatory Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), is a cause of aging. In senescent cells, Cytoplasmic Chromatin Fragments (CCFs) activate SASP via the anti-viral cGAS/STING pathway. PML protein organizes PML nuclear bodies (NBs), also involved in senescence and anti-viral immunity.

Six-minute walk test as clinical end point in cardiomyopathy clinical trials, including ATTR-CM: a systematic literature review.

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a common measure of functional capacity in patients with heart failure (HF). Primary clinical study end points in cardiomyopathy (CM) trials, including transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with CM (ATTR-CM), are often limited to hospitalization and mortality. To investigate the relationship between the 6MWT and hospitalization or mortality in CM, including ATTR-CM.

Bioinspired Zwitterionic Nanowires with Simultaneous Biofouling Reduction and Release.

Marine biofouling is a complex and dynamic process that significantly increases the carbon emissions from the maritime industry by increasing drag losses. However, there are no existing non-toxic marine paints that can achieve both effective fouling reduction and efficient fouling release. Inspired by antifouling strategies in nature, herein, a superoleophobic zwitterionic nanowire coating with a nanostructured hydration layer is introduced, which exhibits simultaneous fouling reduction and release performance.

"Cookbook medicine": Exploring the impact of opioid prescribing limits legislation on clinical practice and patient experiences.

Opioid dependence and overdose are serious public health concerns. States have responded by enacting legislation regulating opioid-prescribing practices. Through in-depth interviews with clinicians, state officials, and organizational stakeholders, this paper examines opioid prescribing limits legislation (PLL) in North Carolina and how it impacts clinical practice.

Matching study design to prescribing intention: The prevalent new-user design for studying abuse-deterrent formulations of opioids.

Purpose: In drug studies, research designs requiring no prior exposure to certain drug classes may restrict important populations. Since abuse-deterrent formulations (ADF) of opioids are routinely prescribed after other opioids, choice of study design, identification of appropriate comparators, and addressing confounding by "indication" are important considerations in ADF post-marketing studies.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study using claims data (2006-2018) from a North Carolina private insurer [NC claims] and Merative MarketScan [MarketScan], we identified patients (18-64 years old) initiating ADF or non-ADF extended-release/long-acting (ER/LA) opioids.

An identity-based learning community intervention enhances the lived experience and success of first-generation college students in the biological sciences.

Working-class first-generation (FG) college students are underrepresented in higher education and STEM. Using a longitudinal quasi-experiment, we tested the impacts of a living learning community (LLC) in the biological sciences on FG students in their first year of college (Semester 1: N = 243; Semester 2: N = 199), across three cohorts (2018-2019, 2019-2020 and 2020-2021). Participation in the LLC enhanced FG students' belonging, confidence, motivation, grades, knowledge of the social relevance of biology, and reduced STEM anxiety compared to a control group of FG students not in an LLC.

Functional Genome Analysis of a Conditionally Pathogenic Rhizobacterial Strain, Pseudomonas putida AKMP7.

This manuscript reports the whole genome sequence of a conditionally pathogenic rhizobacterial strain, Pseudomonas putida AKMP7, which has been previously reported by us to be beneficial to Arabidopsis thaliana under well-watered conditions and pathogenic to the plant under water stress. As part of a study to understand this unique behavior, the whole genome sequence of this strain was analyzed. Based on the results, it was identified that the total length of the AKMP7 genome is 5,764,016 base pairs, and the total GC content of the genome is 62.

Higher First 30-Day Dose of Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Is Associated With Decreased Mortality.

Objective: Buprenorphine is a medication for opioid use disorder that reduces mortality. This study aims to investigate the less well-understood relationship between the dose in the early stages of treatment and the subsequent risk of death.

Methods: We used Kentucky prescription monitoring data to identify adult Kentucky residents initiating transmucosal buprenorphine medication for opioid use disorder (January 2017 to November 2019).