Insights into Interlayer Dislocation Augmented Zinc-Ion Storage Kinetics in MoS Nanosheets for Rocking-Chair Zinc-Ion Batteries with Ultralong Cycle-Life.

Increasing attention to sustainability and cost-effectiveness in energy storage sector has catalyzed the rise of rechargeable Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, finding replacement for limited cycle-life Zn-anode is a major challenge. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS), an insertion-type 2D layered material, has shown promising characteristics as a ZIB anode.

Reliability of the OMERACT Giant cell arteritis Ultrasonography Score (OGUS): results of a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Objective: To test the reliability of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Giant cell arteritis (GCA) Ultrasonography Score (OGUS) and other composite scores in a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Methods: Six GCA patients were scanned twice (two rounds separated ≥3 hours) by 12 experts and 12 non-experts. Non-experts received 90 min of theoretical and 240 min of practical training between rounds 1 and 2.

Targeting pleuro-alveolar junctions reverses lung fibrosis in mice.

Lung fibrosis development utilizes alveolar macrophages, with mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here, we fate map connective tissue during mouse lung fibrosis and observe disassembly and transfer of connective tissue macromolecules from pleuro-alveolar junctions (PAJs) into deep lung tissue, to activate fibroblasts and fibrosis. Disassembly and transfer of PAJ macromolecules into deep lung tissue occurs by alveolar macrophages, activating cysteine-type proteolysis on pleural mesothelium.

Targeting interleukin-6 pathways in giant cell arteritis management: A narrative review of evidence.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis with a significant impact on vascular and patient health. It may present with non-specific symptoms and can lead to severe complications if not managed effectively. This narrative review explores the treatment of GCA with interleukin-6 (IL-6) pathway inhibitors, focusing on key studies from selected databases published between 2018 and 2024.

A Knowledge-Based Molecular Single-Source Precursor Approach to Nickel Chalcogenide Precatalysts for Electrocatalytic Water, Alcohol, and Aldehyde Oxidations.

The development and comprehensive understanding of nickel chalcogenides are critical since they constitute a class of efficient electro(pre)catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and value-added organic oxidations. This study introduces a knowledge-based facile approach to analogous NiE (E = S, Se, Te) phases, originating from molecular β-diketiminato [NiE] complexes and their application for OER and organic oxidations. The recorded activity trends for both target reactions follow the order NiSe > NiS > NiTe.

Symptom Severity and Glucocorticoid Dosing in Patients With Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Obesity.

Objective: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disorder of the elderly characterized by girdle pain and stiffness. Obesity has an influence on disease activity and outcome in rheumatic diseases like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. We aimed to investigate the relationship between high BMI and the severity and outcome of PMR, which is incompletely understood.

m6ATM: a deep learning framework for demystifying the m6A epitranscriptome with Nanopore long-read RNA-seq data.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most abundant and well-known modifications in messenger RNAs since its discovery in the 1970s. Recent studies have demonstrated that m6A is involved in various biological processes, such as alternative splicing and RNA degradation, playing an important role in a variety of diseases. To better understand the role of m6A, transcriptome-wide m6A profiling data are indispensable.

Analysis of the Pulp Oxygenation Rate by Pulse Oximeter in Children with Pulpal Diseases.

Background And Objective: Deciduous teeth portray less pain sensitivity in comparison to permanent teeth. Conventional vitality tests depend on the stimulation of nerve fibers. Loss of sensory function due to trauma can result in negative responses.

Coordinated Targeting of S6K1/2 and AXL Disrupts Pyrimidine Biosynthesis in PTEN-Deficient Glioblastoma.

Unlabelled: Intrinsic resistance to targeted therapeutics in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma (GBM) is mediated by redundant signaling networks that sustain critical metabolic functions. Here, we demonstrate that coordinated inhibition of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL using LY-2584702 and BMS-777607 can overcome network redundancy to reduce GBM tumor growth. This combination of S6K1 and AXL inhibition suppressed glucose flux to pyrimidine biosynthesis.

Integrating point-of-care ultrasound into rheumatology practice.

A scenario‑based probability approach integrating point‑of‑care rheumatology ultrasound (POCRUS) into rheumatology practice has recently been proposed as a teaching methodology to encourage greater awareness of US among practicing clinicians, especially with respect to the management of overlapping clinical conditions. This article reviews the rheumatological areas where application of POCRUS substantially enhances clinical reasoning to confirm or exclude target conditions. It highlights the definitions of US‑detected pathologies in rheumatoid arthritis, spondylarthritis, gout and crystal arthritis, osteoarthritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica, and discusses the added value of POCRUS in diagnosing these conditions.

A Multimodal Drug-Diet-Immunotherapy Combination Restrains Melanoma Progression and Metastasis.

The genetic landscape of cancer cells can lead to specific metabolic dependencies for tumor growth. Dietary interventions represent an attractive strategy to restrict the availability of key nutrients to tumors. In this study, we identified that growth of a subset of melanoma was severely restricted by a rationally designed combination therapy of a stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitor with an isocaloric low-oleic acid diet.

Development of a diagnostic prediction model for giant cell arteritis by sequential application of Southend Giant Cell Arteritis Probability Score and ultrasonography: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: Giant cell arteritis is a critically ischaemic disease with protean manifestations that require urgent diagnosis and treatment. European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations advocate ultrasonography as the first investigation for suspected giant cell arteritis. We developed a prediction tool that sequentially combines clinical assessment, as determined by the Southend Giant Cell Arteritis Probability Score (SGCAPS), with results of quantitative ultrasonography.

A Review of Approaches to Potentiate the Activity of Temozolomide against Glioblastoma to Overcome Resistance.

A glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive, infiltrative, and treatment-resistant malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS). The current standard of care for GBMs include maximally safe tumor resection, followed by concurrent adjuvant radiation treatment and chemotherapy with the DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), which was approved by the FDA in 2005 based on a marginal increase (~2 months) in overall survival (OS) levels. This treatment approach, while initially successful in containing and treating GBM, almost invariably fails to prevent tumor recurrence.

A Phase 0/I Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamics and Safety and Tolerability Study of Letrozole in Combination with Standard Therapy in Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas.

Purpose: High-grade gliomas (HGG) carry a poor prognosis, with glioblastoma accounting for almost 50% of primary brain malignancies in the elderly. Unfortunately, despite the use of multiple treatment modalities, the prognosis remains poor in this population. Our preclinical studies suggest that the presence of aromatase expression, encoded by CYP19A1, is significantly upregulated in HGGs.

Stratification of biological therapies by pathobiology in biologic-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (STRAP and STRAP-EU): two parallel, open-label, biopsy-driven, randomised trials.

Background: Despite highly effective targeted therapies for rheumatoid arthritis, about 40% of patients respond poorly, and predictive biomarkers for treatment choices are lacking. We did a biopsy-driven trial to compare the response to rituximab, etanercept, and tocilizumab in biologic-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis stratified for synovial B cell status.

Methods: STRAP and STRAP-EU were two parallel, open-label, biopsy-driven, stratified, randomised, phase 3 trials done across 26 university centres in the UK and Europe.

Chronic AMPK inactivation slows SHH medulloblastoma progression by inhibiting mTORC1 signaling and depleting tumor stem cells.

We show that inactivating AMPK in a genetic medulloblastoma model depletes tumor stem cells and slows progression. In medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, drug-resistant stem cells co-exist with transit-amplifying cells and terminally differentiated neuronal progeny. Prior studies show that -dependent glycolysis promotes medulloblastoma progression by suppressing neural differentiation.

CD201 fascia progenitors choreograph injury repair.

Optimal tissue recovery and organismal survival are achieved by spatiotemporal tuning of tissue inflammation, contraction and scar formation. Here we identify a multipotent fibroblast progenitor marked by CD201 expression in the fascia, the deepest connective tissue layer of the skin. Using skin injury models in mice, single-cell transcriptomics and genetic lineage tracing, ablation and gene deletion models, we demonstrate that CD201 progenitors control the pace of wound healing by generating multiple specialized cell types, from proinflammatory fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, in a spatiotemporally tuned sequence.

A phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sarilumab in patients with giant cell arteritis.

Background: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is primarily treated with glucocorticoids (GCs), which have substantial toxicity. Tocilizumab, an interleukin-6-receptor inhibitor (IL-6Ri), showed beneficial effects in GCA, leading to its approval. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of sarilumab (another IL-6Ri) in GCA.

Sarilumab for Relapse of Polymyalgia Rheumatica during Glucocorticoid Taper.

Background: More than half of patients with polymyalgia rheumatica have a relapse during tapering of glucocorticoid therapy. Previous studies have suggested that interleukin-6 blockade may be clinically useful in the treatment of polymyalgia rheumatica. Sarilumab, a human monoclonal antibody, binds interleukin-6 receptor α and efficiently blocks the interleukin-6 pathway.

Hydroalcoholic root extracts of Houttuynia cordata (Thunb.) standardized by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS promotes apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma cell HepG2 via GSK-3β/β-catenin/PDL-1 axis.

Houttuynia cordata (Thunb.), an important medicinal plant of Northeast India, Korea, and China, is used to treat various ailments and for anticancer research. Knowing its traditional practices, we are interested in the mode-of-action of HCT on HepG2 to co-relate the traditional practice with modern drug therapeutics.

Can LIGO Detect Nonannihilating Dark Matter?

Dark matter (DM) from the galactic halo can accumulate in neutron stars and transmute them into sub-2.5M_{⊙} black holes if the dark matter particles are heavy, stable, and have interactions with nucleons. We show that nondetection of gravitational waves from mergers of such low-mass black holes can constrain the interactions of nonannihilating dark matter particles with nucleons.