Recent Advancement on Selectfluor Mediated Synthesis of Heterocyclic Molecules.

Selectfluor, [1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate)], is a highly valuable reagent in contemporary chemistry, serving not only as an electrophilic fluorinating agent but also as an effective catalyst in the synthesis of various pharmaceutically relevant heterocycles.

ARGai 1.0: A GAN augmented in silico approach for identifying resistant genes and strains in E. coli using vision transformer.

The emergence of infectious disease and antibiotic resistance in bacteria like Escherichia coli (E. coli) shows the necessity for novel computational techniques for identifying essential genes that contribute to resistance. The task of identifying resistant strains and multi-drug patterns in E.

Exploring the neuroprotective benefits of phytochemicals extracted from indigenous edible fruits in Bangladesh.

The increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and the constraints of existing treatment methods have spurred a keen interest in investigating alternative therapies. Medicinal plants, renowned for their long-standing use in traditional medicine, offer a hopeful avenue for discovering new neuroprotective agents. This study emphasizes the potential neuroprotective characteristics of edible fruit plants in Bangladesh, specifically focusing on their traditional folk medicine uses for neurological disorders.

Electrically Active Biomaterials for Stimulation and Regeneration in Tissue Engineering.

In the human body, bioelectric cues are crucial for tissue stimulation and regeneration. Electrical stimulation (ES) significantly enhances the regeneration of nerves, bones, cardiovascular tissues, and wounds. However, the use of conventional devices with stimulating metal electrodes is invasive and requires external batteries.

Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain andN-Terminal Domain mRNA Vaccine.

Background: mRNA-1283 is an investigational COVID-19 mRNA vaccine encoding the receptor-binding and N-terminal domains of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in contrast to the original mRNA-1273, which encodes the full-length spike protein.

Methods: A phase 2a, dose-ranging, observer-blind, randomized study (NCT05137236) conducted in adults (≥18 years) previously vaccinated with mRNA-1273 evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a single dose of mRNA-1283 (2.5, 5, and 10 µg) and its bivalent formulation, mRNA-1283.

Targeted NIR Fluorescent Mechanically Interlocked Molecules-Peptide Bioconjugate for Live Cancer Cells Submitochondrial Stimulated Emission Depletion Super-Resolution Microscopy.

Herein, a water-soluble, ultrabright, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent, mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs)-peptide bioconjugate is designed with dual targeting capabilities. Cancer cell surface overexpressed αβ integrin targeting two RGDS tetrapeptide residues is tethered at the macrocycle of MIMs-peptide bioconjugate via Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry on the Wang resin, and mitochondria targeting lipophilic cationic TPP functionality is conjugated at the axle dye. Living carcinoma cell selective active targeting, subsequently cell penetration, mitochondrial imaging, including the ultrastructure of cristae, and real-time tracking of malignant mitochondria by MIMs-peptide bioconjugate (RGDS)-Mito-MIMs-TPP are established by stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.

Recent Developments in Azetidinone-Azole Conjugates: Emerging Antimicrobial Potentials.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant microbial strains poses a significant challenge to global public health. In response, researchers have been exploring innovative antimicrobial agents with enhanced efficacy and novel mechanisms of action. One promising approach involves the synthesis of hybrid molecules combining azetidinone and azole moieties, capitalizing on the respective antimicrobial properties of both structural elements.

The psychological impact of disaster on first responders in the aftermath of Bahanaga train tragedy: A mixed methods approach.

Background: First responders are at high risk for adverse mental health outcomes following trauma exposure during disaster response. This mixed methods study aimed to quantify psychological impacts and explore personal experiences among first responders after the Bahanaga train accident that killed 294 passengers in the month of June 2023.

Methods: For qualitative data, in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted, and quantitative data was collected using the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7), and patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety.

High Ano1 expression as key driver of resistance to radiation and cisplatin in HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Human papilloma virus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) frequently harbors 11q13 amplifications. Among the oncogenes at this locus, CCND1 and ANO1 are linked to poor prognosis; however, their individual roles in treatment resistance remain unclear. The impact of Cyclin D1 and Ano1 overexpression on survival was analyzed using the TCGA HNSCC dataset and a Charité cohort treated with cisplatin (CDDP)-based radiochemotherapy.

Long-term complications, survival and mortality in splenectomised adult transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients.

Background: Splenectomy is frequently performed in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients to lower blood transfusion needs but is associated with significant long-term complications, including sepsis, thrombosis, and pulmonary hypertension. This study examines the long-term complications, survival rates, and causes of mortality among adult patients with TDT who have undergone splenectomy in a low and middle-income country (LMIC).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 103 adult TDT patients (≥18 years) who underwent splenectomy between July 2013 and March 2024.

Impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators on enteric viral pathogens among under-5 children in low resource settings.

Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are the primary risks of exposure to enteric viral infection. Our study aimed to describe the role of WASH conditions and practices as risk factors for enteric viral infections in children under 5. Literature on the risk factors associated with all-cause diarrhea masks the taxa-specific drivers of diarrhea from specific pathogens, limiting the application of relevant control strategies.

AI in Hepatology: Revolutionizing the Diagnosis and Management of Liver Disease.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into hepatology is revolutionizing the diagnosis and management of liver diseases amidst a rising global burden of conditions like metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). AI harnesses vast datasets and complex algorithms to enhance clinical decision making and patient outcomes. AI's applications in hepatology span a variety of conditions, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, MASLD, hepatitis B, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Gender, Mental Health Stigma, and Help-Seeking in Arabic- and Swahili-Speaking Communities in Australia.

Australia is an ethnically diverse nation with large numbers of migrants and refugees entering the country yearly. Despite research demonstrating that individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse (CaLD) communities experience an elevated risk of developing a mental illness, mental health services uptake is consistently low. To improve the mental health outcomes of these CaLD individuals in Australia, there is an urgent need to understand barriers to treatment, such as stigma.

Understanding Efficacy of Using ACEIs and ARBs in Chronotherapeutic Treatment of Hypertension: Which Drug When?

Hypertension, a prevalent global health issue, poses significant risks for morbidity and mortality. The interplay between hypertension and comorbidities like diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) underscores the urgency for effective management strategies. Chronotherapy, aligning medication administration with circadian rhythms, emerges as a promising approach to optimize treatment outcomes.

Recent Updates on Antibacterial Quinolones: Green Synthesis, Mode of Interaction and Structure-Activity Relationship.

Quinolone antibiotics are a crucial class of synthetic antibacterial agents, widely utilized due to their broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Due to the development of antimicrobial resistance, the potency of quinolone drugs decreased. Many conventional methods have been developed to elevate amination rate and to improve yield.

Identification, Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promotion Potential of Endophytic Streptomyces sp. a13.

Medicinal plants often harbour various endophytic actinomycetia, which are well known for their potent antimicrobial properties and plant growth-promoting traits. In this study, we isolated an endophytic actinomycetia, A13, from the leaves of tea clone P312 from the MEG Tea Estate, Meghalaya, India. The isolate A13 was identified as Streptomyces sp.

Effects of prolonged oxytetracycline supplementation on freshwater stinging catfish (): a multi-biomarker approach.

Background: Aquaculture systems that sporadically depend on antibiotics can contribute to the development of adverse effects on the fish, microbial flora and the environment. This study sought to investigate the impacts of extended oxytetracycline supplementation on the freshwater stinging catfish through a multi-biomarker approach.

Methods: A total of 300 (20 ± 0.

Dissipative Landau-Zener tunneling in the crossover regime from weak to strong environment coupling.

Landau-Zener tunneling, which describes the transition in a two-level system during a sweep through an anti-crossing, is a model applicable to a wide range of physical phenomena. Realistic quantum systems are affected by dissipation due to coupling to their environments. An important aspect of understanding such open quantum systems is the relative energy scales of the system itself and the system-environment coupling, which distinguishes the weak- and strong-coupling regimes.

Structural analysis of genetic variants of the human tumor suppressor Palb2 coiled-coil domain.

The tumor suppressor PALB2 is a key player in the Homologous Recombination (HR) pathway, functionally connecting BRCA proteins at the DNA damage site. PALB2 forms homodimers via its coiled-coil domain, and during HR, it forms a heterodimeric complex with BRCA1 using the same domain. However, the structural details of the human PALB2 coiled-coil domain are unknown.

Adjuvant Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy With a Pedicled Flap Reconstruction in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Implications on Target Delineation.

Objectives: To address controversies regarding target volume delineation for adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma with pedicled flap reconstruction and elective nodal irradiation (ENI).

Materials And Methods: During target volume delineation, the primary tumor bed was the pre-surgical gross tumor volume with an additional isotropic margin of 5-10 mm. Additionally, the flap and body tissue junction were given a margin of 5-10 mm (if not already given).

Enhancing gene transfer to renal tubules and podocytes by context-dependent selection of AAV capsids.

AAV vectors show promise for gene therapy; however, kidney gene transfer remains challenging. Here we conduct a barcode-seq-based comparison of 47 AAV capsids administered through different routes in mice, followed by individual validation. We find that local delivery of AAV-KP1, but not AAV9, via the renal vein or pelvis effectively transduces proximal tubules with minimal off-target liver transduction, while systemic AAV9, but not AAV-KP1, enhances proximal tubule and podocyte transduction in chronic kidney disease.

Comparative analysis of backbone atom cross-correlation matrices and folding dynamics of amyloid fibril and its complexes with novel biosurfactants isolated from Bacillus strain: a binding free energy calculation (mM-PBSA) and MD simulation approach.

In the relentless pursuit of unraveling the intricate pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid β (Aβ) proteins emerge as focal points due to their pivotal role in disease progression. The pathological hallmark of AD involves the aberrant aggregation of Aβ peptides into amyloid fibrils, precipitating a cascade of neurodegenerative events culminating in cognitive decline and neuronal loss. This study adopts a computational framework to investigate the potential therapeutic efficacy of novel biosurfactants (BS) in mitigating Aβ fibril formation.