Comparative Evaluation of Fixed Functional Cantilever Space Maintainer and Fixed Nonfunctional Space Maintainer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: Effective way to prevent mesial drift after the early loss of primary first molars is by inserting a durable space maintainer. Several space maintainers are available; fixed nonfunctional (FNF) space maintainer (crown and loop) is commonly used when abutment teeth need full-coronal restoration. Disadvantages of crown and loop space maintainer are nonfunctional, nonesthetic, and fracture of solder loop.

Fragmentation dynamics of tetrachloromethane molecule induced by highly charged Ar-ion impact.

The ion impact multiple ionization and subsequent dissociation of CCl is studied using a beam of Ar ion having the energy of about 1 MeV in a linear time- of-flight mass spectrometer, coupled with a position-sensitive detector. The complete, as well as incomplete Coulomb explosion pathways, for CCl and CCl ions are identified and studied. The kinetic energy release distributions of channels, kinetic energies, and momentum distributions of fragmented ions, as well as neutrals, are also calculated.

Meropenem loaded 4-arm-polyethylene-succinimidyl-carboxymethyl ester and hyaluronic acid based bacterial resistant hydrogel.

Developing an ideal vitreous substitute/implant is a current challenge. Moreover, implants (e.g.

Rationally Designed Ionic Covalent Organic Networks (iCONs) with Efficient Antimicrobial Activities.

Two unique ionic covalent organic networks (iCONs) incorporated with guanidinium motifs were obtained and characterized by various techniques. Upon 8 h of treatment with iCON-HCCP (250 μg/mL), >97% killing of , , and strains was observed. Antimicrobial efficacies against bacteria and fungi were also evident from FE-SEM studies.

The Use of Automated Atrial CMR Measures and a Novel Atrioventricular Coupling Index for Predicting Risk in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot.

Atrial size and function have been recognized as markers of diastolic function, and diastolic dysfunction has been identified as a predictor of adverse outcomes in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). This was a retrospective single-center study with the objective of investigating the use of atrial measurements obtained via CMR for predicting outcomes in rTOF patients. Automated contours of the left and right atria (LA and RA) were performed.

Comparative treatment costs of risk-stratified therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in India.

Background: To evaluate the treatment cost and cost effectiveness of a risk-stratified therapy to treat pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in India.

Methods: The cost of total treatment duration was calculated for a retrospective cohort of ALL children treated at a tertiary care facility. Children were risk stratified into standard (SR), intermediate (IR) and high (HR) for B-cell precursor ALL, and T-ALL.

Selective inhibition of peptidyl-arginine deiminase (PAD): can it control multiple inflammatory disorders as a promising therapeutic strategy?

Peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) are a family of post-translational modification enzymes that irreversibly citrullinate (deiminate) arginine residues of protein and convert them to a non-classical amino acid citrulline in the presence of calcium ions. It has five isotypes, such as PAD1, PAD2, PAD3, PAD4, and PAD6, found in mammalian species. It has been suggested that increased PAD expression in various tissues contributes to the development of multiple inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

Did weekly economic index and volatility index impact US food sales during the first year of the pandemic?

We explore the impacts of economic and financial dislocations caused by COVID-19 pandemic shocks on food sales in the United States from January 2020 to January 2021. We use the US weekly economic index () to measure economic dislocations and the Chicago Board Options Exchange volatility index () to capture the broader stock market dislocations. We validate the NARDL model by testing a battery of models using the autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) methodology (ARDL, NARDL, and QARDL specifications).

Lipid-induced alteration in retinoic acid signaling leads to mitochondrial dysfunction in HepG2 and Huh7 cells.

A surfeit of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation serve as obligatory mediators of lipid-associated hepatocellular maladies. While retinoid homeostasis is essential in restoring systemic energy balance, its role in hepatic mitochondrial function remains elusive. The role of lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) in maintenance of retinoid homeostasis is appreciated earlier; however, its role in modulating retinoic acid (RA) bioavailability upon lipid-imposition is unexplored.

Artificial intelligence based software facilitates spirometry quality control in asthma and COPD clinical trials.

Rationale: Acquiring high-quality spirometry data in clinical trials is important, particularly when using forced expiratory volume in 1 s or forced vital capacity as primary end-points. In addition to quantitative criteria, the American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) standards include subjective evaluation which introduces inter-rater variability and potential mistakes. We explored the value of artificial intelligence (AI)-based software (ArtiQ.

Does immune dysregulation contribute towards development of hypopigmentation in Indian post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis?

Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), a sequel of apparently cured visceral leishmaniasis (VL) presents with papulonodular (polymorphic) or hypopigmented lesions (macular) and is the proposed disease reservoir. As hypopigmentation appears consistently in PKDL, especially the macular form, this study aimed to delineate immune factors that singly or in combination could contribute towards this hypopigmentation. At lesional sites, the presence of melanocytes and CD8 T-cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression of melanogenic markers (tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 and MITF) by droplet digital PCR, while plasma levels of cytokines and chemokines were measured by a multiplex assay.

Inexpensive High-Throughput Multiplexed Biomarker Detection Using Enzymatic Metallization with Cellphone-Based Computer Vision.

Multiplexed biomarker detection can play a critical role in reliable and comprehensive disease diagnosis and prediction of outcome. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the gold standard method for immunobinding-based biomarker detection. However, this is currently expensive, limited to centralized laboratories, and usually limited to the detection of a single biomarker at a time.

Oxidation of biological molecules with age and induced oxidative stress in different growth phases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

One of the mechanistic approaches for explaining ageing is the oxidative stress theory of ageing. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used as a model to study ageing due to many factors. We have attempted to investigate if the differential ability to withstand oxidative stress can be correlated with their lifespans.

The Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Preventing Severe Illness and Death - Real-world Data from a Cohort of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.

Background: While long-term studies on the correlates of protection, vaccine effectiveness, and enhanced surveillance are awaited for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, studies on breakthrough infections help understand the nature and course of this illness among vaccinated individuals and guide in public health preparedness. This study aims to compare the differences in the hospitalization outcomes SARS-CoV-2 infection of fully vaccinated individuals with with those of unvaccinated and partially vaccinated individuals.

Materials And Methods: Single institution observational cohort study.

Aspect based sentiment analysis using multi-criteria decision-making and deep learning under COVID-19 pandemic in India.

The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the global economy and health. While the pandemic continues to cause casualties in millions, many countries have gone under lockdown. During this period, people have to stay within walls and become more addicted towards social networks.

Investigating the nexus between carbonization and industrialization under Kaya's identity: findings from novel multivariate quantile on quantile regression approach.

Developing nations aim to industrialize and grow sustainably often ignoring the environmental consequences. However, few empirical studies have looked at the influence of industrialization-driven economic transition on carbon footprint in developing nations using a non-parametric approach. In this milieu, on the ground of Kaya's identity and the novel multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) (extension of Sim and Zhou's (2015) bivariate QQR model), the present research studies the impact of industrial value-added (IGVA), population, energy intensity, and carbon intensity on CO emissions in India.

Monoclonal antibodies in breast cancer: A critical appraisal.

In breast cancer, mAbs can play multifunctional roles like targeting cancer cells, sometimes directly attacking them, helping in locating and delivering therapeutic drugs to targets, inhibiting cell growth and blocking immune system inhibitors, etc. Monoclonal antibodies are also one of the important successful treatment strategies especially against HER2 but they have not been explored much for other types of breast cancers especially in triple negative breast cancers. Monoclonal antibodies impact the feasibility of antigen specificity, bispecific and trispecific mAbs have opened new doors for more targeted specific efficacy.

Switchable aqueous catalytic systems for organic transformations.

In living organisms, enzyme catalysis takes place in aqueous media with extraordinary spatiotemporal control and precision. The mechanistic knowledge of enzyme catalysis and related approaches of creating a suitable microenvironment for efficient chemical transformations have been an important source of inspiration for the design of biomimetic artificial catalysts. However, in "nature-like" environments, it has proven difficult for artificial catalysts to promote effective chemical transformations.

Intercropping with Pigeonpea ( L. Millsp.): An Assessment of Its Influence on the Assemblage of Pollinators and Yield of Neighbouring Non-Leguminous Crops.

Intercropping is practiced in modern intensive agriculture considering many benefits, including additive crop yield. However, it may have competitive or facilitative interactions between pollinator-dependant crops. Here, we investigated the reproductive aspects of pigeonpea () We assessed the influence of blooming pigeonpea on pollinator's assemblage and the yield of neighbouring non-leguminous crops (e.

Preclinical Evaluation of Zr-Panitumumab for Biology-Guided Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Biology-guided radiation therapy (BgRT) uses real-time line-of-response data from on-board positron emission tomography (PET) detectors to guide beamlet delivery during therapeutic radiation. The current workflow requires F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) administration daily before each treatment fraction. However, there are advantages to reducing the number of tracer injections by using a PET tracer with a longer decay time.

Principal component analysis of flow-volume curves in COPDGene to link spirometry with phenotypes of COPD.

Background: Parameters from maximal expiratory flow-volume curves (MEFVC) have been linked to CT-based parameters of COPD. However, the association between MEFVC shape and phenotypes like emphysema, small airways disease (SAD) and bronchial wall thickening (BWT) has not been investigated.

Research Question: We analyzed if the shape of MEFVC can be linked to CT-determined emphysema, SAD and BWT in a large cohort of COPDGene participants.

Does the green finance initiatives transform the world into a green economy? A study of green bond issuing countries.

Green finance initiatives have received global support in modern times, relatively in response to safeguard the environment and preserve natural resources through channelizing the investments to create a green economy. This paper attempts to evaluate and compare the green finance growth in green bond issuing nations across the world. This study also assesses the effect of green finance growth on the dependence of non-renewable energy resources especially fossil fuels that have been creating several environmental issues for the past years.