Spectroscopic approach to optimize the biogenic silver nanoparticles for photocatalytic removal of ternary dye mixture and ecotoxicological impact of treated wastewater.

The fabricating of extremely effective, economical, ecologically safe, and reusable nanoparticle (NP) catalysts for the removal of water pollution is urgently needed. This study, spectroscopically optimizes the process parameters for the biogenic synthesis of AgNP catalysts using Cledrdendrum infortunatum leaf extract. The optimization of several synthesis parameters was systematically studied using UV-Vis spectroscopy to identify the ideal conditions for AgNPs formation.

Machine Learning Prediction of Physicochemical Properties in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes With Active Learning Applied to Graph Neural Networks.

Accurate prediction of physicochemical properties, such as electronic energy, enthalpy, free energy, and average vibrational frequencies, is critical for optimizing lithium-ion battery (LIB) performance. Traditional methods like density functional theory (DFT) are computationally expensive and inefficient for large-scale screening. In this study, we apply active learning on top of graph neural networks (GNNs) to efficiently predict these properties.

Enhancing Anemia Detection With Non-invasive Anemia Detection With AI (NiADA): Insights From Clinical Validations and Physician Observations.

Background Anemia, a critical public health issue, affects nearly two billion people globally. Frequent monitoring of blood hemoglobin levels is essential for managing its burden. While point-of-care testing (POCT) devices facilitate hemoglobin testing in resource-limited settings, most are invasive and have inherent limitations.

Drug release potential of polyacrylamide grafted-Assam Bora rice polysaccharide graft copolymer (ABRS-g-PAM) as effective controlled release polymer.

The research focuses on the characterization and evaluation of drug delivery efficiency of a microwave-assisted, free-radical synthesized polyacrylamide-grafted Assam Bora rice starch (ABRS) graft copolymer (ABRS-g-PAM). Percentage grafting efficiency (% GE) and intrinsic viscosity were chosen as the optimization parameters. The optimized ABRS-g-PAM Grade Formulation 4 (GF4) was found to be the best grade.

Geo-Spatial Analysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Reperfusion Treatment in India: An Assessment of Distribution and Access to Centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of 8-Prenyldaidzein: A Comprehensive Study of its Multi-Target Efficacy in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by cognitive decline, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cholinergic loss. Due to the limited success of amyloid-targeted therapies, attention has shifted to new non-amyloid targets like phosphodiesterases (PDE). This study investigates the potential of Flemingia vestita (FV) phytomolecules and derivatives, particularly 8-Prenyldaidzein, in AD treatment.

Phytochemical Characterization, Prooxidant, Antiproliferative And Anti-inflammatory Potential of Meyna spinosa Roxb. ex Link Ripe Fruit.

This study highlights the prooxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory potential of ripe Meyna spinosa Roxb. ex Link fruit extracts. Chemical analysis by HRMS and AAS identified compounds like ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, lupeol, betulin, scopoletin, phloroglucinol, secoxyloganin, etc and micro-elements like iron, copper, zinc, and manganese.

Towards the use of low-concentration CO2 sources by direct selective electrocatalytic reduction.

The direct CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) from simulated flue gas of various CO2 concentrations could minimize extra energy for pre-concentration processes to highly concentrated CO2 as a feed-stock. We investigate the challenges for CO2RR caused by low CO2 concentrations and provide strategies concerning the impact of the chosen electrocatalyst material and the selection of the electrolyte to attain high CO selectivity. We continuously feed CO2 mixed with N2 (the typical dilutant in flue gas) in various ratios to gas diffusion electrodes in a model flow-through electrolyzer.

Gellan gum-based in-situ gel formulations for ocular drug delivery: A practical approach.

Ophthalmic disorders significantly impact global health, affecting millions worldwide. Conventional treatments often face challenges related to poor bioavailability and short residence times on the ocular surface. In recent years, in-situ gels prepared using different natural gums including gellan gum has been investigated as a viable means of improving ocular medication delivery.

Overcoming the probing-depth dilemma in spectroscopic analyses of batteries with muon-induced X-ray emission (MIXE).

Battery research often encounters the challenge of determining chemical information, such as composition and elemental oxidation states, of a layer buried within a cell stack in a non-destructive manner. Spectroscopic techniques based on X-ray emission or absorption are well-suited and commonly employed to reveal this information. However, the attenuation of X-rays as they travel through matter creates a challenge when trying to analyze layers buried at depths exceeding hundred micrometers from the sample's surface.

Neo-aortic valve replacement in arterial switch operation in a 9-year-old child.

The surgical management of d-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) poses intricate challenges, demanding tailored surgical interventions. This case report elucidates a patient involving a 9-year-old child with dTGA, VSD, and LVOTO with a dysplastic pulmonary valve with adequate annulus who underwent neo-aortic valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis, arterial switch, and VSD closure. The recovery of the patient was uneventful and follow-up echocardiogram and clinical evaluation at 18 months have remained satisfactory.

Comparison of Bioelectrical Impedance Analyser (BIA) with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan in Assessing the Body Composition of Adult Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction: Assessing the body composition is important in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to prevent and achieve optimum control during treatment. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), being a more affordable method of assessing the body composition, should therefore be compared with the gold standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to look for a correlation between the two and the potential of BIA to be used widely in this population. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 60 patients attending the endocrinology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care centre in Kolkata, India.

Engineering to metabolize sorbitol as the sole carbon source for synthesis of recombinant L-Asparaginase-II.

Sorbitol, known as D-Glucitol, is a hexose sugar alcohol that occurs naturally in various fruits, including berries, cherries, plums, pears, and apples. It is noteworthy that sorbitol can be metabolized by microbes, plants, and humans through distinct pathways. Nevertheless, in bacteria like (), sorbitol is not the primary carbon source and its utilization is generally suppressed due to carbon catabolite repression.

Assessing the Utilization of Large Language Model Chatbots for Educational Purposes by Medical Teachers: A Nationwide Survey From India.

Background Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored in healthcare and education. In medical education, they hold the potential to enhance learning by supporting personalized teaching, resource development, and student engagement. However, LLM use also raises concerns about ethics, accuracy, and reliance.

A multitiered analysis platform for genome sequencing: Design and initial findings of the Australian Genomics Cardiovascular Disorders Flagship.

Purpose: The Australian Genomics Cardiovascular Disorders Flagship was a national multidisciplinary collaboration. It aimed to investigate the feasibility of genome sequencing (GS) and functional genomics to resolve variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in the clinical management of patients and families with cardiomyopathies, primary arrhythmias, and congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: Between April 2019 and December 2021, 600 probands meeting cardiovascular disorder criteria from 17 cardiology and genetics clinics across Australia were enrolled in the Flagship and underwent GS.

Metacarpophalangeal Joint Dislocations Two Cases, Two Stories.

Introduction: Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint dislocation and its pathoanatomy was first discussed in detail in an article written by Kaplan et al . ,in 1957. They had identified certain features of complex, that is irreducible MCP joint dislocation through closed method to differentiate from a simple MCP joint dislocation, that is MCP joint dislocation that can be reduced by closed method.

Soil moisture retrieval from dual-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR data over agricultural regions using a water cloud model.

The accurate retrieval of soil moisture plays a pivotal role in agriculture, particularly in effective irrigation water management, as it significantly affects crop growth and yield. The present study mainly focuses on the robustly investigated capability of dual-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR-derived vegetation descriptors in the water cloud model (WCM) in surface soil moisture (SSM) retrieval over wheat crops. The vegetation descriptors used in the study are radar vegetation index (RVI), backscattering ratio, polarimetric radar vegetation index (PRVI), dual polarization SAR vegetation index (DPSVI), and dual polarimetric radar vegetation index (DpRVI).

Tuning of a Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework by Liquid-Assisted Mechanosynthesis between Trans-Aconitic Acid and Isonicotinamide.

Cocrystallization of trans-aconitic acid (TACA) and isonicotinamide (INA) using liquid assisted mechanochemical grinding results in a unique supramolecular hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) system encapsulating various organic solvents (liquid guest) with the formation of channel inclusion compounds. Dimension and shape of the framework is dependent on the solvent used during liquid assisted grinding (LAG). Although crystal structure of the cocrystal (TACA) ⋅ (INA) ⋅ (HO)@(INA) has been determined by Single Crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), crystal structures of 3 cocrystal HOFs were determined by microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) and synchrotron X-ray diffraction due to lack of suitable single crystal.

Predicting the depth of insertion of central venous catheters using a bronchoscopy-based carinal measurement technique or the Peres' formula-based method in adults undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomised comparative double-blind study.

Background And Aims: Various methods are used to predict the depth of insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs). We evaluated a bronchoscopy-based carinal measurement technique to predict this depth.

Methods: We randomised adults undergoing cardiac surgery into a bronchoscopy group or the Peres' formula-based method group.

Competitive modulation of K1.2 gating by LMAN2 and Slc7a5.

K1.2 is a prominent ion channel in the CNS, where it regulates neuronal excitability. K1.

Magnetic nanoparticle-catalysed synthesis of quinoline derivatives: A green and sustainable method.

Greener and sustainable synthetic strategies have been evolving as the demanding domain of organic synthesis during the last decade. Green synthesis involves the development of method that decrease or eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals, and make use of renewable or recyclable resources. By incorporating the fundamentals and methodologies of green synthesis, organic chemists have the ability to develop valuable organic molecular frameworks which also demonstrate a strong commitment to environmental sustainability.

Dysregulated RNA splicing induces regeneration failure in alcohol-associated liver disease.

Individuals with progressive liver failure are at a high risk of mortality without liver transplantation. However, our understanding of derailed regenerative responses in failing livers is limited. Here, we performed comprehensive multi-omic profiling of healthy and diseased human livers using bulk and single-nucleus RNA-plus ATAC-seq.

fabricated gold nanostars on hydrogel beads as photo-oxidase mimics for rapid and sustainable POCT of uric acid.

Synthetic enzyme mimics surpass their natural counterparts in terms of stability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness, making them highly valuable for catalytic applications. Gold nanomaterials, particularly gold nanostars, have emerged as promising enzyme mimetic nanocatalysts due to their enhanced light interaction and superior catalytic efficiency. In this study, gold nanostars grown on the surface of core-shell hydrogel beads exhibited specific oxidase-like activity when exposed to light.

Photoinduced Regioselective Decarbonylative and Decarboxylative C-O Bond Functionalizations: Approach toward Chemoselective Scissions of Isatoic Anhydride and Unraveling the Enroutes through Control Experiments and DFT Studies.

Distinctive, green, innovative, and well-organized photoinduced (metal- or photocatalyst-free) regioselective decarbonylative and decarboxylative C-O bond functionalization protocols to access aryl 2-aminobenzoates and 2-substituted benzoxazinone derivatives in excellent yields have been devised. These are achieved through the chemoselective scission of isatoic anhydride with ketones, diaryliodonium triflate, nitroalkene, phthalazinone, and phenol derivatives, which, in turn, served as the representative "electrophilic and nucleophilic" coupling partners. Control experiments and DFT calculations reveal that electrophilic radical-bearing coupling partners specifically follow the decarbonylation pathway, while nucleophilic radical-bearing conjugates facilitate the decarboxylation process.