Gene expression and hormonal signaling in osteoporosis: from molecular mechanisms to clinical breakthroughs.

Osteoporosis is well noted to be a universal ailment that realization impaired bone mass and micro architectural deterioration thus enhancing the probability of fracture. Despite its high incidence, its management remains highly demanding because of the multifactorial pathophysiology of the disease. This review highlights recent findings in the management of osteoporosis particularly, gene expression and hormonal control.

Early detection of emerging persistent perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) along the east coast of India.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are resistant to breakdown and are now considered global contaminants. However, interest in these recalcitrant compounds among scientists and legislators has grown significantly in recent years. In the present study, we analyzed the level of PFOA and PFOS contamination in surface water from the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.

Redesigning a home oxygen assessment and review service.

The Sheffield home oxygen assessment and review service was developed as a nurse-led, protocol-driven service, offering high standards of care to a limited number of patients. In line with national changes to oxygen provision in 2011, the service team was approached to address inconsistencies and inequalities in the existing care pathway, with a view to becoming a fully commissioned service. This required a complete redesign of the service, using a collaborative approach to include relevant interested parties in planning and decision making.

Eradication of house dust mite from homes of atopic asthmatic subjects: a double-blind trial.

Background: House dust mite (HDM) allergens can accumulate to very high levels in homes. From the observed sensitivity of HDMs to heat and their allergens to steam, a novel treatment of furnishings has been developed.

Objective: We sought to determine whether combined steam and heat treatment of home furnishings reduced asthmatic patients' bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) and lowered HDM antigen loads.

Determining optimal protective actions for nuclear incidents.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is revising its Protective Action Guides (PAGs), which specify recommended dose levels at which actions should be taken to protect the public during an accident at a nuclear facility.

Computed tomography of benign mesenchymoma of the neck.

Mesenchymoma is a tumor composed of two or more mesenchymal components along with fibrous tissue. We describe the CT findings in a case of benign mesenchymoma that presented as an unusual neck mass in an elderly woman.

Efficacy of MR vs CT in epilepsy.

We studied 59 seizure patients with CT, MR, and EEG to determine the efficacy of each in the detection of an epileptogenic focus. EEG was most sensitive (67%), MR was next (53%), and CT was least sensitive (42%). MR detected an abnormality in five patients (8%) in whom CT was negative.

T2 estimates in healthy and diseased brain tissue: a comparison using various MR pulse sequences.

Fourteen patients and five healthy individuals underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to determine an effective multiple spin echo pulse sequence for estimating T2. Lesions examined included infarction, glioma, multiple sclerosis, and acute hematoma. A pulse repetition time (TR) of 1,500 msec and echo delays (TEs) of 25, 50, 75, and 100 msec were used.

MRI of brain iron.

A prominently decreased signal intensity in the globus pallidum, reticular substantia nigra, red nucleus, and dentate nucleus was routinely noted in 150 consecutive individuals on T2-weighted images (SE 2000/100) using a high field strength (1.5 T)MR system. This MR finding correlated closely with the decreased estimated T2 relaxation times and the sites of preferential accumulation of ferric iron using the Perls staining method on normal postmortem brains.