Teacher-student collaborated multiple instance learning for pan-cancer PDL1 expression prediction from histopathology slides.

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1), as an important biomarker, is quantified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with few established histopathological patterns. Deep learning aids in histopathological assessment, yet heterogeneity and lacking spatially resolved annotations challenge precise analysis. Here, we present a weakly supervised learning approach using bulk RNA sequencing for PDL1 expression prediction from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides.

Revelation of hidden 2D atmospheric turbulence strength fields from turbulence effects in infrared imaging.

Turbulence exists widely in the natural atmosphere and in industrial fluids. Strong randomness, anisotropy and mixing of multiple-scale eddies complicate the analysis and measurement of atmospheric turbulence. Although the spatially integrated strength of atmospheric turbulence can be roughly measured indirectly by Doppler radar or laser, direct measurement of two-dimensional (2D) strength fields of atmospheric turbulence is challenging.

Exploring the influence of nasal vestibule structure on nasal obstruction using CFD and Machine Learning method.

Motivated by clinical findings about the nasal vestibule, this study analyzes the aerodynamic characteristics of the nasal vestibule and attempt to determine anatomical features which have a large influence on airflow through a combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and machine learning method. Firstly, the aerodynamic characteristics of the nasal vestibule are detailedly analyzed using the CFD method. Based on CFD simulation results, we divide the nasal vestibule into two types with distinctly different airflow patterns, which is consistent with clinical findings.

Attention-Assisted Adversarial Model for Cerebrovascular Segmentation in 3D TOF-MRA Volumes.

Cerebrovascular segmentation in time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) volumes is essential for a variety of diagnostic and analytical applications. However, accurate cerebrovascular segmentation in 3D TOF-MRA is faced with multiple issues, including vast variations in cerebrovascular morphology and intensity, noisy background, and severe class imbalance between foreground cerebral vessels and background. In this work, a 3D adversarial network model called A-SegAN is proposed to segment cerebral vessels in TOF-MRA volumes.

Effects of UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 advanced oxidation on unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina: implications for removal of invasive species from ballast water.

The UV/Ag-TiO2/O3 process was investigated for ballast water treatment using Dunaliella salina as an indicator. Inactivation curves were obtained, and the toxicity of effluent was determined. Compared with individual unit processes using ozone or UV/Ag-TiO2, the inactivation efficiency of D.