Human African trypanosomiasis in non-endemic countries.

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease, acquired by the bite of an infected tsetse fly. In non-endemic countries HAT is rare, and therefore the diagnosis may be delayed leading to potentially fatal consequences. In this article the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of the two forms of HAT are outlined.

Factors associated with injection cessation, relapse and initiation in a community-based cohort of injection drug users in Chennai, India.

Aims: To characterize factors associated with injection cessation, relapse and initiation.

Design: The Madras Injection Drug User and AIDS Cohort Study (MIDACS) is a prospective cohort of injection drug users (IDUs) recruited in 2005-06 with semi-annual follow-up to 2009. Discrete-time survival models were used to characterize predictors of time to first injection cessation and relapse.

Determinants of HIV-1 transmission in men who have sex with men: a combined clinical, epidemiological and phylogenetic approach.

Objectives: To identify biological factors associated with HIV transmission in men who have sex with men (MSM).

Design: A longitudinal phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 from an MSM cohort, incorporating clinical and epidemiological data.

Methods: Potential individuals were HIV-infected MSM attending a sexual health clinic between 2000 and 2006.