School-based mental health support for migrant children and young people: A scoping review.

Schools are increasingly considered as critical to the identification and support of child and adolescent mental health difficulties. However, research often fails to capture critical aspects of context and culture, such as migration, in assessing both the accessibility and effectiveness of school-based interventions. Although migrant youth may be at risk for poor mental health, little is known about the barriers and facilitators they face in accessing mental health support in schools.

Neuropathology in an α-synuclein preformed fibril mouse model occurs independent of the Parkinson's disease-linked lysosomal ATP13A2 protein.

Loss-of-function mutations in the ATP13A2 (PARK9) gene are implicated in early-onset autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. ATP13A2 encodes a lysosomal transmembrane P-type ATPase that is highly expressed in brain and specifically within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Recent studies have revealed its normal role as a lysosomal polyamine transporter, although its contribution to PD-related pathology remains unclear.

What types of objective measures have been used to assess core ADHD symptoms in children and young people in naturalistic settings? A scoping review.

Objectives: We described the range and types of objective measures of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and young people (CYP) reported in research that can be applied in naturalistic settings.

Design: Scoping review using best practice methods.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Embase, (via OVID); British Education Index, Education Resources Information Centre, Education Abstracts, Education Research Complete, Child Development and Adolescent Papers, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection (via EBSCO) were searched between 1 December 2021 and 28 February 2022.

Heterozygous loss of Engrailed-1 and α-synucleinopathy (En1/SYN): A dual-hit preclinical mouse model of Parkinson's disease, analyzed with artificial intelligence.

In this study, we develop and validate a new Parkinson's disease (PD) mouse model that can be used to better understand how the disease progresses and to test the effects of new, potentially disease-modifying, PD therapies. Our central hypothesis is that mitochondrial dysfunction intercalates with misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation in a vicious cycle, leading to the loss of nigral neurons. Our hypothesis builds on the concept that PD involves multiple molecular insults, including mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant α-syn handling.

Adult-onset deletion of ATP13A2 in mice induces progressive nigrostriatal pathway dopaminergic degeneration and lysosomal abnormalities.

Although most cases of Parkinson's disease (PD) are sporadic, mutations in over 20 genes are known to cause heritable forms of the disease. Recessive loss-of-function mutations in ATP13A2, a lysosomal transmembrane P5-type ATPase and polyamine exporter, can cause early-onset familial PD. Familial ATP13A2 mutations are also linked to related neurodegenerative diseases, including Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, hereditary spastic paraplegias, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Single molecule array measures of LRRK2 kinase activity in serum link Parkinson's disease severity to peripheral inflammation.

Background: LRRK2-targeting therapeutics that inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity have advanced to clinical trials in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). LRRK2 phosphorylates Rab10 on endolysosomes in phagocytic cells to promote some types of immunological responses. The identification of factors that regulate LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD, and whether phosphorylated-Rab10 levels change in different disease states, or with disease progression, may provide insights into the role of Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD and help guide therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.

Single molecule array measures of LRRK2 kinase activity in serum link Parkinson's disease severity to peripheral inflammation.

Background: LRRK2-targeting therapeutics that inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity have advanced to clinical trials in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). LRRK2 phosphorylates Rab10 on endolysosomes in phagocytic cells to promote some types of immunological responses. The identification of factors that regulate LRRK2-mediated Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD, and whether phosphorylated-Rab10 levels change in different disease states, or with disease progression, may provide insights into the role of Rab10 phosphorylation in iPD and help guide therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.

Twelve Years of Drug Prioritization to Help Accelerate Disease Modification Trials in Parkinson's Disease: The International Linked Clinical Trials Initiative.

In 2011, the UK medical research charity Cure Parkinson's set up the international Linked Clinical Trials (iLCT) committee to help expedite the clinical testing of potentially disease modifying therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD). The first committee meeting was held at the Van Andel Institute in Grand Rapids, Michigan in 2012. This group of PD experts has subsequently met annually to assess and prioritize agents that may slow the progression of this neurodegenerative condition, using a systematic approach based on preclinical, epidemiological and, where possible, clinical data.

Pre-surgical factors related to latent trajectories of 5-year weight loss for a diverse bariatric surgery population.

Background: Analyzing trajectories of weight loss may address how particular groups of patients respond to metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Objectives: The Bariatric Experience Long Term (BELONG) study was designed to use a theoretical model to examine determinants of weight loss and recurrence.

Setting: Large integrated health system in Southern California with 11 surgical practices and 23 surgeons.

Formation of templated inclusions in a forebrain α-synuclein mouse model is independent of LRRK2.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and α-synuclein share enigmatic roles in the pathobiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). mutations are a common genetic cause of PD which, in addition to neurodegeneration, often present with abnormal deposits of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy-related pathology. As Lewy-related pathology is a prominent neuropathologic finding in sporadic PD, the relationship between LRRK2 and α-synuclein has garnered considerable interest.

VPS35 and retromer dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

The () gene encodes a core component of the retromer complex essential for the endosomal sorting and recycling of transmembrane cargo. Endo-lysosomal pathway deficits are suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Mutations in cause a late-onset, autosomal dominant form of PD, with a single missense mutation (D620N) shown to segregate with disease in PD families.

Formation of templated inclusions in a forebrain α-synuclein mouse model is independent of LRRK2.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and α-synuclein share enigmatic roles in the pathobiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). mutations are a common genetic cause of PD which, in addition to neurodegeneration, often present with abnormal deposits of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy-related pathology. As Lewy-related pathology is a prominent neuropathologic finding in sporadic PD, the relationship between LRRK2 and α-synuclein has garnered considerable interest.

Hippocampal subfield vulnerability to α-synuclein pathology precedes neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction.

Cognitive dysfunction is a salient feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The onset of dementia reflects the spread of Lewy pathology throughout forebrain structures. The mere presence of Lewy pathology, however, provides limited indication of cognitive status.

Baseline Psychosocial, Environmental, Health, and Behavioral Correlates of 1- and 3-Year Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery.

Purpose: Weight loss surgery is an effective, long-term treatment for severe obesity but individual response to surgery varies widely. The purpose of this study was to test a comprehensive theoretical model of factors that may be correlated with the greatest surgical weight loss at 1-3 years following surgery. Such a model would help determine what predictive factors to measure when patients are preparing for surgery that may ensure the best weight outcomes.

VPS35 and α-Synuclein fail to interact to modulate neurodegeneration in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Mutations in the vacuolar protein sorting 35 ortholog (VPS35) gene cause late-onset, autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), with a single missense mutation (Asp620Asn, D620N) known to segregate with disease in families with PD. The VPS35 gene encodes a core component of the retromer complex, involved in the endosomal sorting and recycling of transmembrane cargo proteins. VPS35-linked PD is clinically indistinguishable from sporadic PD, although it is not yet known whether VPS35-PD brains exhibit α-synuclein-positive brainstem Lewy pathology that is characteristic of sporadic cases.

Educational experiences of young people with ADHD in the UK: Secondary analysis of qualitative data from the CATCh-uS mixed-methods study.

Background: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and/or impulsivity. Young people with ADHD have poorer educational and social outcomes than their peers. We aimed to better understand educational experiences of young people with ADHD in the UK, and make actionable recommendations for schools.

Defining the Riddle in Order to Solve It: There Is More Than One "Parkinson's Disease".

Background: More than 200 years after James Parkinsondescribed a clinical syndrome based on his astute observations, Parkinson's disease (PD) has evolved into a complex entity, akin to the heterogeneity of other complex human syndromes of the central nervous system such as dementia, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy. Clinicians, pathologists, and basic science researchers evolved arrange of concepts andcriteria for the clinical, genetic, mechanistic, and neuropathological characterization of what, in their best judgment, constitutes PD. However, these specialists have generated and used criteria that are not necessarily aligned between their different operational definitions, which may hinder progress in solving the riddle of the distinct forms of PD and ultimately how to treat them.

Hippocampal subfield vulnerability to α-synuclein pathology precedes neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction.

Unlabelled: Cognitive dysfunction is a salient feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The onset of dementia reflects the spread of Lewy pathology throughout forebrain structures. The mere presence of Lewy pathology, however, provides limited indication of cognitive status.

Investigation of the feasibility and acceptability of a school-based intervention for children with traits of ADHD: protocol for an iterative case-series study.

Introduction: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent and impairing cluster of traits affecting 2%-5% of children. These children are at risk of negative health, social and educational outcomes and often experience severe difficulties at school, so effective psychosocial interventions are needed. There is mixed evidence for existing school-based interventions for ADHD, which are complex and resource-intensive, contradicting teachers' preferences for short, flexible strategies that suit a range of ADHD-related classroom-based problems.

Neighborhood deprivation and residential property values do not affect weight loss at 1 or 3 years after bariatric surgery.

Objective: This study examined the association between individual- and neighborhood-level sociodemographic factors and surgical weight loss at 1 year (short term) and 3 years (long term).

Methods: Data were obtained from the baseline survey of the BELONG (Bariatric Experience Long Term) prospective longitudinal cohort study. Individual-level self-reported data on sex, race and ethnicity, education, and household income were obtained by survey.

The association of 1-year weight loss from bariatric surgery and self-reported sleep: a prospective cohort.

Objective: This study examined the association of weight loss following bariatric surgery with self-reported sleep quality after accounting for other sleep-related factors.

Methods: Participants were from the Bariatric Experience Long Term (BELONG) study. Participants completed a survey up to 6 months before surgery and approximately 1 year after surgery.

New horizons for caring for people with dementia in hospital: the DEMENTIA CARE pointers for service change.

Approximately two-thirds of hospital admissions are older adults and almost half of these are likely to have some form of dementia. People with dementia are not only at an increased risk of adverse outcomes once admitted, but the unfamiliar environment and routinised practices of the wards and acute care can be particularly challenging for them, heightening their confusion, agitation and distress further impacting the ability to optimise their care. It is well established that a person-centred care approach helps alleviate some of the unfamiliar stress but how to embed this in the acute-care setting remains a challenge.

Cohort profile: The Bariatric Experience Long Term (BELONG): a long-term prospective study to understand the psychosocial, environmental, health and behavioural predictors of weight loss and regain in patients who have bariatric surgery.

Purpose: The Bariatric Experience Long Term (BELONG) prospective study cohort was created to address limitations in the literature regarding the relationship between surgical weight loss and psychosocial, health, behaviour and environmental factors. The BELONG cohort is unique because it contains 70% gastric sleeve and 64% patients with non-white race/ethnicity and was developed with strong stakeholder engagement including patients and providers.

Participants: The BELONG cohort study included 1975 patients preparing to have bariatric surgery who completed a baseline survey in a large integrated health system in Southern California.