Social networks uncovered: 10 tips every plastic surgeon should know.

Understanding online social networks is of critical importance to the plastic surgeon. With knowledge, it becomes apparent that the numerous networks available are similar in their structure, usage, and function. The key is communication between Internet media such that one maximizes exposure to patients.

Brow lift in facial rejuvenation: a systematic literature review of open versus endoscopic techniques.

Background: Currently, there are many well-described surgical approaches to address brow aesthetics (i.e., open versus endoscopic versus combination techniques).

Florida's trauma surgeons: a vanishing breed.

The delivery of trauma and emergency surgical care is in a state of crisis. We hypothesized that this looming crisis was already manifested in Florida. The trauma medical directors of the 20 state designated trauma centers were surveyed for information pertaining to number of available surgeons for trauma call, number of night calls/month, age of the current trauma surgeons, and the estimated number of years each surgeon planned to continue taking call.

Application of International Classification Injury Severity Score to National Surgical Quality Improvement Program defines pediatric trauma performance standards and drives performance improvement.

Background: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program is becoming a core methodology to define performance as a ratio of observed to expected events. We hypothesized that application of this using International Classification of Injury Severity Score (ICISS) for individual patient risk stratification to a group of hospitals contributing data to the National Pediatric Trauma Registry (NPTR) would apply objective evidence of actual injuries to define an expected standard and identify performance outliers.

Methods: Using a blinded code, children entered into phase III of the NPTR were aggregated by treating hospital.

Surgical quality improvement: a simplified method to apply national standards to pediatric trauma care.

Background: The emerging "pay for performance" national initiative mandates the development of valid metrics for risk stratification and performance assessment. The International Classification Injury Severity Score (ICISS) predicts survival from injury and is calculated as the product of survival risk ratios (SRRs) for a patient's 3 worst injuries. Survival risk ratios are derived as the proportion of fatalities for every International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification, diagnosis in a "benchmark" population.