Treatment of Meningiomas Involving the Optic Canal with Endoscopic Transnasal Decompression of the Optic Nerve.

Background: Management of patients with optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSMs) is controversial and the treatment strategy in this patient group is still up for discussion. Transnasal endoscopic orbital and optic nerve decompression aims to reduce the pressure in the orbit and on the optic nerve and thereby prevent vision loss. This article presents material from 7 cases of transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression.

The effects of inulin-type fructans on cardiovascular disease risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are the leading prebiotics in the market. Available evidence provides conflicting results regarding the beneficial effects of ITF on cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ITF supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults.

[Not Available].

The attachment theory emphasises the impact of early experiences on emotional and interpersonal development, which in turn affects how one interacts in different relations. This review explores the relevance of this to the doctor-patient relationships and highlights the importance of understanding differences in strategies when feeling unsafe. This applies to the patient as well as the physician.

The Antioxidant Capacity of Breast Milk and Plasma of Women with or without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Women with gestational diabetes (GD) have reduced antioxidant capacity; however, the relationship between maternal diet, maternal biochemical capacity, breast milk concentration, and infant intake has not been adequately explored in the literature. An exploration of underlying mechanism(s) is warranted, particularly for nutrient antioxidants impacted by maternal intake. These nutrients may provide a means for modifying maternal and infant antioxidant capacity.

Effects of inulin-type fructans supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.

Introduction: This review aims to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with inulin-type fructans (ITF) compared with no supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults and assess the quality of trial reporting using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and CONSORT for abstract (CONSORT-A) checklists.

Methods And Analysis: We will search randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Emcare, AMED and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to 31 March 2022, without any language restrictions. The RCTs need to administer ITF in adults for at least 2 weeks and assess effects on at least one cardiovascular risk factor.

Endonasal Endoscopic Approach for Minimally Invasive Orbital Decompression in Nonthyroid Proptosis-A Scoping Review.

Objective: The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) was originally performed to treat thyroid orbitopathy and proptosis. Since then, this approach also has been used to treat other causes of proptosis. This review systematically identifies surgical outcome and complication rates in patients without thyroid proptosis who underwent endoscopic endonasal orbital decompression.

[Abductor-related lateral hip pain in patients older than 30 years].

Lateral hip pain is a complex entity, and recent focus has been brought to pathological changes in relation to the hip abductors as a cause of lateral hip pain. A short overview of anatomy, physiology, diagnostics and treatments of hip abductor pathologies is given in this review.

[Orbital decompression in non-thyroid-associated diseases].

Hypoxia triggers hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Not only hypoxia triggers downstream HIF target genes for transcription, as intermittent hyperoxia also possesses similar capabilities, suggesting that fluctuations in oxygen availability may be equally important for inducing HIF transcription. This review describes some of the mechanisms, whereby intermittent hyperbaric hyperoxia may explain some of the observations during hyperbaric oxygen therapy such as enhanced wound healing, angiogenesis and tissue healing, and concludes that oxidative stress enhances certain antibiotics in infection control.

Evaluation of Nutritional, Inflammatory, and Fatty Acid Status in Patients with Gastric and Colorectal Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy.

Malnutrition is prevalent in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients, possibly due to inflammation and altered fatty acids (FA). There is a lack of research describing nutritional decline in these patients during chemotherapy. We described changes in nutritional, inflammatory, and FA status over time and factors relating to change in nutritional status according to tumor presence in 41 GI cancer patients undergoing first-line treatment over four chemotherapy visits, using linear mixed effects models.

Long-term follow-up of RET Y791F carriers in Denmark 1994-2017: A National Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Recently, a comprehensive study presented evidence that a long-disputed REarranged during Transfection (RET) variant, RET Y791F, should be classified as nonpathogenic. In spite of this, several subsequently published papers, including the revised American Thyroid Association guidelines for medullary thyroid carcinoma, refer to the variant as pathogenic. This study presents data from a unique national Danish cohort of RET Y791F carriers who have been followed by watchful waiting instead of being subjected to early thyroidectomy, to determine if any carrier shows evidence of multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A (MEN2A) at long-term follow-up.

Sodium-Reduced Meat and Poultry Products Contain a Significant Amount of Potassium from Food Additives.

Background: Sodium-reduced packaged food products are increasingly available to consumers; however, it is not clear whether they are suitable for inclusion in a potassium-reduced diet. For individuals with impaired renal potassium excretion caused by chronic kidney disease and for those taking certain medications that interfere with the rennin-angiotensin aldosterone axis, the need to limit dietary potassium is important in view of the risk for development of hyperkalemia and fatal cardiac arrhythmias.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to determine the impact of the reduction of sodium in packaged meat and poultry products (MPPs) on the content of potassium and phosphorus from food additives.

The Impact of Additives on the Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sodium Content of Commonly Consumed Meat, Poultry, and Fish Products Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are advised to limit their dietary intake of phosphorus and potassium as hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia are both associated with an increased risk of mortality. There is uncertainty concerning the actual content of these minerals in the Canadian food supply, as phosphorus and potassium are increasingly being used as food additives. This study aimed to determine the impact of food additives on the chemically analyzed content of phosphorus, potassium, sodium, and protein in commonly consumed meat, poultry, and fish products (MPFs).

The validity of nasal endoscopy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis-An inter-rater agreement study.

Objectives: Nasal endoscopy is a cornerstone in diagnosing sinonasal disease, but different raters might generate different results using the technique. Our study aims to evaluate the agreement between multiple raters to assess the validity of nasal endoscopy.

Design/participants: Three independent and blinded raters evaluated 28 patients (56 nasal cavities) diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis according to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps.

Intranasal corticosteroids compared with oral antihistamines in allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intranasal corticosteroids (INS) (corticosteroid nasal sprays) and oral antihistamines (OA) are two of the most common treatments for patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). To our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews on this topic including trials published after 2007.

Objective: To compare INS with nonsedating OAs as treatments for AR.

Reflections on Perceived Preparedness of Dietetic Internship Graduates Following Entry into Practice.

Purpose: To report on the perceived level of preparedness of dietetic internship (DI) graduates for entrance into practice as dietitians.

Methods: Graduates of an Ontario based, nonintegrated DI program from 2007-2011 who were at least 1 year postgraduation were surveyed to determine their level of perceived preparedness for practice using an electronic, content validated, self-administered questionnaire.

Results: Of 38 eligible graduates, 23 (61%) responded.

[Diagnostic challenges during cranial osteonecrosis elucidation].

This is a case report of an 81-year-old male with severe headaches caused by osteonecrotic lesions in the frontotemporal part of the skull. Initially, metastatic lesions were suspected but other causes had to be identified because of chronic inflammation evidence in all biopsies. In the diagnostic process a discussion of missed malignancy, morbus Paget and steroid induced avascular necrosis are presented.

Dietary fiber effects in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled feeding trials.

Background/objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health concern associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, morbidity and mortality. Current CKD practice guidelines overlook dietary fiber, which is chronically low in the renal diet. However, increasing dietary fiber has been proposed to ameliorate the progress of CKD.

Evaluating the accuracy of a geographic closed-ended approach to ethnicity measurement, a practical alternative.

Purpose: Measuring ethnicity accurately is important for identifying ethnicity variations in disease risk. We evaluated the degree of agreement and accuracy of maternal ethnicity measured using the new standardized closed-ended geographically based ethnicity question and geographic reclassification of open-ended ethnicity questions from the Canadian census.

Methods: A prospectively designed study of respondent agreement of mothers of healthy children aged 1-5 years recruited through the TARGet Kids! practice-based research network.

Non-Western immigrant children have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D than children from Western families.

Objective: To determine if children aged 1-6 years from non-Western immigrant families have lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels than children from Western-born families and examine which factors influence this relationship.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Toronto, Canada.

Use of an abridged scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (abPG-SGA) as a nutritional screening tool for cancer patients in an outpatient setting.

The scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment tool (PG-SGA), regarded as the most appropriate means of identifying malnutrition in cancer patients, is often challenging to implement in a busy outpatient setting. We assessed the validity of an abridged version of the PG-SGA (abPG-SGA), which forgoes the physical examination, and compared its usefulness in discerning malnutrition to the full PG-SGA and Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST). The nutritional status of 90 oncology outpatients receiving chemotherapy was assessed according to SGA global rating, PG-SGA, and MST.

Longitudinal trends in nutritional status and the relation between lung function and BMI in cystic fibrosis: a population-based cohort study.

Background: A high-calorie diet has been a standard of care in cystic fibrosis (CF) for >3 decades. However, energy requirements may have changed with new treatments and milder genotypes.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe longitudinal trends in nutritional status and to evaluate the relation between nutritional status and lung function.