The Effect of Different Surfactants and Polyelectrolytes on Nano-Vesiculation of Artificial and Cellular Membranes.

Nano- and micro-sized vesicular and colloidal structures mediate cell-cell communication. They are important players in the physiology of plants, animals, and humans, and are a subject of increasing interest. We investigated the effect of three surfactants, N-cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and Triton X-100 (TX100), and two anionic polyelectrolytes, sodium polystyrene sulfonate (NaPSS) and sodium polymethacrylate (NaPMA), on nanoliposomes.

Interaction between Microalgae and Bacteria sp. for Removal of Bisphenols from Conditioned Media.

We studied the efficiency of three culture series of the microalgae () and bacteria sp. (axenic microalgae, bacterial culture and co-culture of the two) in removing bisphenols (BPs) from their growth medium. Bacteria were identified by 16S ribosomal RNA polymerase chain reaction (16S rRNA PCR).

A Novel Localization in Human Large Extracellular Vesicles for the EGF-CFC Founder Member CRIPTO and Its Biological and Therapeutic Implications.

Tumor growth and metastasis strongly rely on cell-cell communication. One of the mechanisms by which tumor cells communicate involves the release and uptake of lipid membrane encapsulated particles full of bioactive molecules, called extracellular vesicles (EVs). EV exchange between cancer cells may induce phenotype changes in the recipient cells.

Clinical Implementation of Platelet- and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Product Preparation Protocols.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered essential mediators of regenerative roles of autologous platelet- and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) and platelet- and extracellular vesicle-rich gel (PVRG). PVRP and PVRG are novel blood-derived products gaining attraction in regenerative medicine. However, despite their reported good efficacy, their preparation protocols are too time-consuming.

Application of Dynamic and Static Light Scattering for Size and Shape Characterization of Small Extracellular Nanoparticles in Plasma and Ascites of Ovarian Cancer Patients.

In parallel to medical treatment of ovarian cancer, methods for the early detection of cancer tumors are being sought. In this contribution, the use of non-invasive static (SLS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) for the characterization of extracellular nanoparticles (ENPs) in body fluids of advanced serous ovarian cancer (OC) and benign gynecological pathology (BP) patients is demonstrated and critically evaluated. Samples of plasma and ascites (OC patients) or plasma, peritoneal fluid, and peritoneal washing (BP patients) were analyzed.

Stability of Erythrocyte-Derived Nanovesicles Assessed by Light Scattering and Electron Microscopy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining increasing amounts of attention due to their potential use in diagnostics and therapy, but the poor reproducibility of the studies that have been conducted on these structures hinders their breakthrough into routine practice. We believe that a better understanding of EVs stability and methods to control their integrity are the key to resolving this issue. In this work, erythrocyte EVs (hbEVs) were isolated by centrifugation from suspensions of human erythrocytes that had been aged in vitro.

Identification of Tomato Infecting Viruses That Co-Isolate with Nanovesicles Using a Combined Proteomics and Electron-Microscopic Approach.

Plant-derived nanovesicles (NVs) have attracted interest due to their anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidative properties and their efficient uptake by human intestinal epithelial cells. Previously we showed that tomato ( L.) fruit is one of the interesting plant resources from which NVs can be obtained at a high yield.

Enrichment of plasma in platelets and extracellular vesicles by the counterflow to erythrocyte settling.

In order to prepare optimal platelet and extracellular vesicle (EV)-rich plasma for the treatment of chronic temporal bone inflammation, we studied effects of centrifugation parameters on redistribution of blood constituents in blood samples of 23 patients and 20 volunteers with no record of disease. Concentrations of blood cells and EVs were measured by flow cytometry. Sample content was inspected by scanning electron microscopy.

Autologous Platelet- and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma Is an Effective Treatment Modality for Chronic Postoperative Temporal Bone Cavity Inflammation: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of autologous platelet- and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) to treat chronic postoperative temporal bone cavity inflammation (CPTBCI) after exhausting surgical and standard conservative therapies.

Materials And Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to treatment with PVRP (PVRP group) or standard conservative methods (control group) in a setting of four once-monthly checkups and subsequent follow-up. The treatment outcome was measured with the Chronic Otitis Media Questionnaire-12 (COMQ-12), CPTBCI focus surface area, and CPTBCI symptom-free time after the fourth checkup.

Nanoalgosomes: Introducing extracellular vesicles produced by microalgae.

Cellular, inter-organismal and cross kingdom communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) is intensively studied in basic science with high expectation for a large variety of bio-technological applications. EVs intrinsically possess many attributes of a drug delivery vehicle. Beyond the implications for basic cell biology, academic and industrial interests in EVs have increased in the last few years.

Isolation of extracellular vesicles from microalgae: towards the production of sustainable and natural nanocarriers of bioactive compounds.

Safe, efficient and specific nano-delivery systems are essential for current and emerging therapeutics, precision medicine and other biotechnology sectors. Novel bio-based nanotechnologies have recently arisen, which are based on the exploitation of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this context, it has become essential to identify suitable organisms or cellular types to act as reliable sources of EVs and to develop their pilot- to large-scale production.

Viscosity of Plasma as a Key Factor in Assessment of Extracellular Vesicles by Light Scattering.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from biological samples are a promising material for use in medicine and technology. However, the assessment methods that would yield repeatable concentrations, sizes and compositions of the harvested material are missing. A plausible model for the description of EV isolates has not been developed.