Investigating the presence of peer bias against ptosis in young children.

Purpose: To investigate the presence of peer bias directed at young children aged 3-6 years of age and the age at which this bias emerges.

Methods: Children (3-6 years) completed an individual testing session involving two tasks: (1) a paired photograph task examined the effect of the appearance of ptosis on children's preferences in two different social situations (toy sharing and birthday party); (2) a ranking task investigated whether different grades of ptosis are evaluated differently by children of different ages.

Results: A total of 217 children were included.

Laser Pointer: A Possible Risk for the Retina.

In recent years, an increasing incidence of laser pointer-associated retinal injuries has been observed, likely due to easy access to incorrectly classified laser pointers, their labelling as toys, and lack of awareness concerning the associated risk. Laser pointer exposure can lead to irreversible retinal damage and associated vision loss, depending on the wavelength, radiation power, duration of exposure, localization, and spot size. Pronounced retinal laser damage is especially seen in children and teenagers.

The management of periorbital nodular fasciitis using intra-lesional triamcinolone: a case report and review of the literature.

Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a subcutaneous, nodular, pseudo-sarcomatous, fibroblastic proliferation. It is rarely reported in the periorbital region and the management approach is variable.Presented is an eight-year-old female with a three month history of a periorbital mass.

Improved Diagnosis of Retinal Laser Injuries Using Near-Infrared Autofluorescence.

Purpose: To assess whether near infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF) imaging is a useful imaging modality in the diagnosis of handheld laser retinal injuries.

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Methods: Twelve patients identified to have handheld laser retinal injuries were included at 2 academic centers.

Handheld laser devices and laser-induced retinopathy (LIR) in children: an overview of the literature.

Handheld laser devices are easily available to purchase through the internet and unregulated marketplaces at a relatively low cost. They are particularly attractive to children as they are seen as 'high tech', brightly coloured, and known to be able to burn holes in objects such as balloons. There is a widespread lack of knowledge about the risks of viewing the beam emanating directly from handheld lasers, and particularly those with high-output powers.

Möbius syndrome associated with obesity and precocious puberty.

Möbius syndrome is a neurological disorder involving underdevelopment of the sixth and seventh cranial nerves. Multiple associations have been described including dysfunction of other cranial nerves, limb abnormalities and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism causing delayed puberty. We present the second reported case of Möbius syndrome associated with obesity and with precocious puberty.

Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma of the foot metastasizing to the Iris: report of a rare case.

Background: Intraocular iris rhabdomyosarcoma is extremely rare, and in the 3 cases reported to date occurred as the primary site of tumour growth. We report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the foot metastasizing to the iris.

Case Presentation: An 18-year-old white female was referred to the London Ocular Oncology Service for management of a metastatic rhabdomyosarcomatous deposit in the iris, a metastasis from alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the foot.

Efficacy and safety of phenylephrine 2.5% with cyclopentolate 0.5% for retinopathy of prematurity screening in 1246 eye examinations.

Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of visual loss in infancy that is largely preventable with careful screening. We report the safety and efficacy of the use of phenylephrine 2.5% and cyclopentolate 0.

DRESS syndrome in a child treated for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.

Children treated for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis may experience a range of severe adverse drug responses. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome is a life-threatening idiosyncratic drug reaction with a 10% mortality. We present a case of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome in a child on standard combination treatment with oral sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine, folinic acid, and steroids for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis.

Sensory function in severe semilobar holoprosencephaly.

We report a 4-year-old child with severe semi-lobar holoprosencephaly (HPE) not expected to survive after birth. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed agenesis of the corpus callosum, absence of the third ventricle, fused thalami and basal ganglia. To investigate sensory function, visual, auditory and somatosensory evoked potential and imaging studies were carried out.

Bilateral macular scars following intrauterine herpes simplex virus type 2 infection.

Neonatal herpetic infection is uncommon, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 3000 to 20,000 births. Ocular involvement most commonly consists of blepharoconjunctivitis or keratitis. We present a further manifestation of congenital herpes simplex virus (HSV) 2 infection.

Same-day versus first-day review of intraocular pressure after uneventful phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To compare the incidence and the spectrum of postoperative complications detected when the intraocular pressure (IOP) is reviewed 4 to 6 hours or the day after uneventful phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Setting: Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Methods: The study cohort consisted of 141 patients who had uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation under regional (peribulbar/topical) or general anesthesia.