Increasing the species diversity of the monotypic genus Pariolius Cope 1872 (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) after more than 150 years.

Pariolius is a heptapterid genus represented by P. armillatus that is distributed along the upper Amazon River basin. A taxonomic integrative revision of Pariolius from Colombian Rivers revealed two new species.

An integrative approach method reveals the presence of a previously unreported species of Imparfinis Eigenmann and Norris 1900 (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) in Argentina.

Specimens of Imparfinis were recently collected in north-western Argentina from the Bermejo River basin (Salta and Jujuy Provinces), del Valle River (Salta Province) and Horcones River (Santiago del Estero Province). An integrative approach to taxonomy, combining a detailed morphological study and molecular phylogenetic analyses, was applied to determine the species identity of these specimens. A principal components analysis of morphological data clustered the specimens from north-western Argentina and from the Amazon basin, indicating a close morphological resemblance.

A new species of Cetopsorhamdia (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from the Upper Amazon River basin.

A new species of Cetopsorhamdia is described from material collected on rapid inventories and ichthyological expeditions in the Amazon region of Peru, Ecuador and Colombia. The new species can be differentiated from all other species of Cetopsorhamdia by the colouration pattern on fins, number of vertebrae, number of ribs, level insertion of dorsal fin, number of rays on dorsal and pectoral fin, osteological characters and several other morphometric characters. The new species is distributed along tributaries of the upper Amazon River basin in Peru, Colombia and Ecuador.

Multi-locus phylogeny with dense Guiana Shield sampling supports new suprageneric classification of the neotropical three-barbeled catfishes (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae).

The catfish family Heptapteridae is ubiquitous across a range of freshwater habitats from southern Mexico to northern Argentina and contains 23 genera and 228 valid species. After a century of mostly morphology-based systematic analyses of these fishes, we provide the first molecular phylogenetic hypothesis spanning most valid Heptapteridae genera (16 of 23). We examined eight of 14 valid genera in the Nemuroglanis-subclade (Heptapterini), all valid genera in the Brachyglanis-subclade (Brachyglaniini) and most valid Brachyglaniini species (11 of 15).

A new species of Mastiglanis Bockmann 1994 (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from the Amazon River basin, Peru.

Mastiglanis is a genus of heptapterid catfish represented by two valid species. These freshwater species are widely distributed along the Amazon, Orinoco, and Maroni River basins. However, a taxonomic review of specimens collected in the Putumayo and Nanay rivers, Amazon River basin in Peru revealed a new species of Mastiglanis.

Two new species of Heptapterus (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) from the Uruguay River basin, Brazil.

As part of an ongoing taxonomic revision of the genus Heptapterus from the Laguna dos Patos and Uruguay River drainages and Atlantic coastal streams of southern Brazil and Uruguay, two new species closely related to Heptapterus mustelinus were identified. Both species are endemic to small tributaries of the Uruguay River. The two new species are distinguished from each other and from other species of Heptapterus by arrangement of cephalic and trunk laterosensory systems, number of vertebrae and number of dorsal, pectoral and anal-fin rays.