Polymorphism and Microstructural Changes in Avocado Pulp ( Mill.) After Scraped-Surface Heat Exchanger Processing.

Avocado ( Mill.) is a fruit with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids and bioactive compounds, whose consumption has considerably increased in the USA and Europe. Thus, the conservation of the avocado mesocarp (pulp) has become more relevant.

Microstructural Changes in Beans after Using High-Hydrostatic-Pressure Treatment in the Curing Process.

During vanilla bean curing, the cell arrangement derived from the killing technique applied to start bean ripening is essential to obtain the characteristic aroma and flavor of vanilla. Hence, killing is an important step to release the enzymes and compounds required for vanillin production. In this work, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at 100-400 MPa for 5 min, using water at 7 °C as the pressure-transmitting medium, was applied as the killing method, and its effect on the microstructural changes in vanilla beans during different curing cycles (C-C) was evaluated and compared with that observed after scalding by using water at 100 °C for 8 s.

Enzymatic Activity and Its Relationships with the Total Phenolic Content and Color Change in the High Hydrostatic Pressure-Assisted Curing of Vanilla Bean ().

Diverse enzymatic reactions taking place after the killing of green vanilla beans are involved in the flavor and color development of the cured beans. The effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at 50-400 MPa/5 min and blanching as vanilla killing methods were evaluated on the total phenolic content (TPC), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) activity and the color change at different curing cycles of sweating-drying (C0-C20) of vanilla beans. The rate constants describing the above parameters during the curing cycles were also obtained.

Antioxidant and Renin Inhibitory Activities of Peptides from Food Proteins on Hypertension: A Review.

Hypertension is a condition induced by oxidative stress causing an alteration in the endothelium, which increases the risk of suffering from other degenerative diseases. This review compiles the findings on peptides from food proteins with antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Antihypertensive peptides are mainly focused on renin inhibition.

Scavenging peptides, antioxidant activity, and hypoglycemic activity of a germinated amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) beverage fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.

Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. is a pseudocereal with nutritional properties. Some bioactive peptides have been identified from amaranth protein isolates.

Effect of In Vitro Digestion on the Antioxidant Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of 12 Plum ( L.) Ecotypes.

L. plum is a source of antioxidant compounds. Nevertheless, once they are consumed and go through the digestive system, these compounds may undergo changes that modify their bioaccessibility.

Extraction and Microencapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Muicle () and Their Use in the Formulation of Functional Foods.

Bioactive compounds (BC) present in muicle leaves were extracted using the best extraction conditions obtained with a Box-Behnken experimental design, extracting 95% of BC. Microencapsulation of muicle BC was carried out by spray drying using DE10 maltodextrin (MD) and soy protein isolate (SPI) as encapsulating agents. The best conditions for the ethanolic extraction of BC from muicle were 30 °C, 40% aqueous ethanol, and one extraction for 1 h.

An H NMR-based metabolomic approach to compare the chemical profiling of retail samples of ground roasted and instant coffees.

The present non-targeted H NMR-based fingerprinting approach along with multivariate analysis established differences between representative aqueous extracts of commercial ground roasted coffee (GRC) and instant (soluble) coffee (IC) samples. The latter were prepared either by spray drying or freeze drying. When comparing a total of 33 compounds between GRC and IC, the latter product contained a remarkable increase in 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and carbohydrates, as well as a clear decrease in trigonelline, N-methylpyridinium, caffeine, caffeoylquinic acids and 2-furylmethanol.

Influence of shape and dispersion media of titanium dioxide nanostructures on microvessel network and ossification.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) production has been used for pigment, food and cosmetic industry and more recently, shaped as belts for treatment of contaminated water, self-cleaning windows and biomedical applications. However, the toxicological data have demonstrated that TiO NPs inhalation induce inflammation in in vivo models and in vitro exposure leads to cytotoxicity and DNA damage. Dermal exposure has limited adverse effects and the possible risks for implants used for tissue regeneration is still under research.

Hypocholesterolemic and Anticarcinogenic Effect of Vicia faba Protein Hydrolyzates.

In recent years, the consumption of vegetal-source proteins has been studied to determine their preventing effect on the development of several chronic diseases. The initial purpose of this report was to determine the effect of a hypercholesterolemic diet (HCD) given to mice, alone or with azoxymethane (AOM), on various obesity biochemical biomarkers, as well as on the induction of colon aberrant crypts (aberrant crypt foci; ACF). At the end of the 5-week assay, animals fed the HCD showed alterations in the level of total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins, and in the Atherogenic Index; besides, a significant elevation was observed in the number of ACF.

Water droplet spreading and recoiling upon contact with thick-compact maltodextrin agglomerates.

Background: The food and pharmaceutical industries handle a number of compounds in the form of agglomerates which must be put into contact with water for rehydration purposes. In this work, liquid-solid interaction between water and maltodextrin thick-compact agglomerates was studied at different constituent particle sizes for two compression forces (75 and 225 MPa).

Results: Rapid droplet spreading was observed which was similar in radius to the expected one for ideal, flat surfaces.