Rare mutations in the PIK3CA gene contribute to aggressive endometrial cancer.

The molecular basis of endometrial cancer (EC), a common gynecologic malignancy, often includes mutational activation of the PIK3CA and KRAS genes. We aimed to determine the distribution of mutations in the two genes depending on patient clinocopathological characteristics. We sequenced exon 1 of the KRAS gene and exons 9 and 20 of the PIK3CA gene in 108 consecutive EC tumor samples.

CHEK2 I157T and endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common malignancy of the female reproductive system in the industrialized world. Similar to other common diseases, gene variations are believed to be able to alter an individual's predisposition to developing the disease. The CHEK2 gene encodes a tumor suppressor that takes part in various cell processes, including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, and apoptosis.

Frequency and application of the hot spot BRAF gene mutation (p.V600E) in the diagnostic strategy for Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer.

Background: BRAF somatic mutations were reported with high frequency in sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs) with microsatellite instability (MSI). The hot spot c. 1799 T>A, p.