Open Source, Open Science: Development of OpenLESS as the Automated Landing Error Scoring System.

Context: The Open Landing Error Scoring System (OpenLESS) is a novel development aimed at automating the LESS for assessment of lower extremity movement quality during a jump-landing task. With increasing utilization of clinical measures to monitor outcomes and limited time during clinical visits for a lengthy analysis of functional movement, there is a pressing need to extend automation efforts. Addressing these issues, OpenLESS is an open-source tool that utilizes a freely available markerless motion capture system to automate the LESS using three-dimensional kinematics.

An Acute Bout of Whole-Body Vibration Does Not Improve Jumping Performance in Those With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Context: Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often fail to return to their previous level of sport performance. Although multifaceted, this inability to regain preinjury performance may be influenced by impaired plyometric ability attributable to chronic quadriceps dysfunction. Whole-body vibration (WBV) acutely improves quadriceps function and biomechanics after ACLR, but its effects on jumping performance outcomes such as jump height, the reactive strength index (RSI), and knee work and power are unknown.

Role of Thigh Muscle Strength and Joint Kinematics in Dynamic Stability: Implications for Y-Balance Test Performance.

Context: The Y-Balance Test Lower Quarter (YBT-LQ) is a widely utilized tool for evaluating dynamic postural control, requiring a combination of mobility and strength. This study aimed to investigate the combined relationship between isometric thigh muscle strength and joint kinematics on YBT-LQ performance.

Design: Cross-sectional laboratory study.

Validation of OpenCap: A low-cost markerless motion capture system for lower-extremity kinematics during return-to-sport tasks.

Low-cost markerless motion capture systems offer the potential for 3D measurement of joint angles during human movement. This study aimed to validate a smartphone-based markerless motion capture system's (OpenCap) derived lower extremity kinematics during common return-to-sport tasks, comparing it to an established optoelectronic motion capture system. Athletes with prior anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (12-18 months post-surgery) performed three movements: a jump-landing-rebound, single-leg hop, and lateral-vertical hop.

Strength of the Uninvolved Limb Following Return to Activity After ACL Injury: Implications for Symmetry as a Marker of Sufficient Strength.

Background: Muscular strength deficits are common after ACL injury. While the Limb Symmetry Index (LSI), using the uninvolved limb as a reference, is widely used, negative strength adaptations may affect both limbs post-injury. It is uncertain how the strength of the uninvolved limb in those with an ACL injury compares to uninjured individuals, making it unclear whether it is appropriate as a benchmark for determining sufficient strength.

Jump Landing Kinematics: Establishing Normative Ranges For Male And Female Athletes.

Context: Lower extremity joint (LE) kinematics during landing tasks are important predictors of injury risk and performance outcomes in athletes.

Objective: To establish sex-related differences and normative ranges for LE kinematics during the jump-landing task in a large cohort of healthy military service academy cadets.

Design: Cross-Sectional Study.

Modeling Risk for Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury in U.S. Military Academy Cadet Basic Training.

Introduction: Sport and tactical populations are often impacted by musculoskeletal injury. Many publications have highlighted that risk is correlated with multiple variables. There do not appear to be existing studies that have evaluated a predetermined combination of risk factors that provide a pragmatic model for application in tactical and/or sports settings.

The feasibility of workload monitoring among law enforcement officers: A multi-methodological approach.

This study examined the feasibility of workload monitoring to assess internal workload in law enforcement officers (LEO) using a multi-methodological approach. Fifty front-line LEO completed workload surveys on workdays for eight weeks. Retention and adherence were assessed across the survey period.

Longitudinal Changes in Quadriceps Morphology over the First 3 Months after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: Neuromuscular deficits and atrophy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) may be accompanied by changes in muscle composition and poor quadriceps muscle quality (QMQ). Quadriceps atrophy occurs after ACLR but improves within the first three postoperative months, yet this hypertrophy could be attributable to increases in noncontractile tissue (i.e.

Association of Dynamic Knee Valgus and Bone Stress Injury in US Military Academy Cadets.

Context: Early identification of incoming military personnel at elevated odds for bone stress injury (BSI) is important for the health and readiness of the US military.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Knee kinematic data of the incoming US Military Academy cadets were collected while performing a jump-landing task (The Landing Error Scoring System) using a markerless motion capture system and depth camera.

Evidence Review for Preventing Osteoarthritis After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: An Osteoarthritis Action Alliance Consensus Statement.

Context: The Osteoarthritis Action Alliance formed a secondary prevention task group to develop a consensus on secondary prevention recommendations to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis after a knee injury.

Objective: Our goal was to provide clinicians with secondary prevention recommendations that are intended to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis after a person has sustained an anterior cruciate ligament injury. Specifically, this manuscript describes our methods, literature reviews, and dissenting opinions to elaborate on the rationale for our recommendations and to identify critical gaps.

Preventing Osteoarthritis After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: An Osteoarthritis Action Alliance Consensus Statement.

After an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, people need secondary prevention strategies to identify osteoarthritis at its earliest stages so that interventions can be implemented to halt or slow the progression toward its long-term burden. The Osteoarthritis Action Alliance formed an interdisciplinary Secondary Prevention Task Group to develop a consensus on recommendations to provide clinicians with secondary prevention strategies that are intended to reduce the risk of osteoarthritis after a person has an ACL injury. The group achieved consensus on 15 out of 16 recommendations that address patient education, exercise and rehabilitation, psychological skills training, graded-exposure therapy, cognitive-behavioral counseling (lacked consensus), outcomes to monitor, secondary injury prevention, system-level social support, leveraging technology, and coordinated care models.

Impact Magnitude and Symmetry in Females During Return to Sport Tasks Measured With Inertial Sensors.

Context: Impact magnitude, such as peak tibial acceleration, may be associated with lower extremity injury risk and can be measured with an inertial sensor. An understanding of impact magnitude across functional tasks could guide clinicians in exercise prescription during rehabilitation of lower extremity injuries.

Objectives: To determine (1) differences in impact magnitude based on task and (2) which tasks have asymmetrical impact magnitude based on limb dominance.

Think outside the box: Incorporating secondary cognitive tasks into return to sport testing after ACL reconstruction.

The optimal set of return to sport (RTS) tests after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and ACL reconstruction (ACLR) remains elusive. Many athletes fail to pass current RTS test batteries, fail to RTS, or sustain secondary ACL injuries if they do RTS. The purpose of this review is to summarize current literature regarding functional RTS testing after ACLR and to encourage clinicians to have patients "think" (add a secondary cognitive task) outside the "box" (in reference to the box used during the drop vertical jump task) when performing functional RTS tests.

Understanding Youth Sport Coaches' Perceptions of Evidence-Based Injury-Prevention Training Programs: A Systematic Literature Review.

Objective: To systematically review and summarize the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and contextual perceptions of youth sport coaches toward injury-prevention training programs by using the Theoretical Domains Framework to guide the organization of results.

Data Sources: Systematic searches of PubMed and Google Scholar were undertaken in November 2021.

Study Selection: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol was followed.

Association of Traumatic Knee Injury With Radiographic Evidence of Knee Osteoarthritis in Military Officers.

Objective: The association between knee injury and knee osteoarthritis (OA) is understudied relative to its importance, particularly in younger populations. This study was undertaken to examine the association of knee injury with radiographic features of knee OA in military officers, who have a physically demanding profession and high rates of knee injury.

Methods: Participants were recruited in 2015-2017 from an existing program that enrolled 6,452 military officers during 2004-2009.

Association Between Head Impact Biomechanics and Physical Load in College Football.

Head impacts and physical exertion are ubiquitous in American football, but the relationship between these factors is poorly understood across a competitive season or even within an individual session. Gameplay characteristics, including player position and session type, may contribute to these relationships but have not been prospectively examined. The current study aimed to determine if an association exists between head impact biomechanics and physical load metrics.

Association Between Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) Items and the Incidence Rate of Lower Extremity Stress Fracture.

Background: Lower extremity stress fracture injuries are a major cause of morbidity in physically active populations. The ability to screen for modifiable risk factors associated with injury is critical in developing injury-prevention programs.

Purpose: To determine if baseline Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) scores are associated with the incidence rate of lower extremity stress fracture.

Mechanical and Sensorimotor Outcomes Associated With Talar Cartilage Deformation After Static Loading in Those With Chronic Ankle Instability.

Context: Those with chronic ankle instability (CAI) demonstrate deleterious changes in talar cartilage composition, resulting in alterations of talar cartilage loading behavior. Common impairments associated with CAI may play a role in cartilage behavior in response to mechanical loading.

Objective: To identify mechanical and sensorimotor outcomes that are linked with the magnitude of talar cartilage deformation after a static loading protocol in patients with and those without CAI.

Are Elite Collegiate Female Athletes PRIME for a Safe Return to Sport after ACLR? An Investigation of Physical Readiness and Integrated Movement Efficiency (PRIME).

Background: Elite female athletes who successfully return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) represent a high-risk group for secondary injury. Little is known about how the functional profile of these athletes compares to their teammates who have not sustained ACL injuries.

Purpose: To compare elite collegiate female athletes who were able to successfully return to sport for at least one season following ACLR to their teammates with no history of ACLR with regard to self-reported knee function, kinetics, and kinematics during a double limb jump-landing task.

Dorsiflexion and Hop Biomechanics Associate with Greater Talar Cartilage Deformation in Those with Chronic Ankle Instability.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify associations between dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM), functional hop test performance, and hopping biomechanics with the magnitude of talar cartilage deformation after a standardized hopping protocol in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods: Thirty CAI and 30 healthy individuals participated. Ankle DFROM was assessed using the weight-bearing lunge test.

The validation of contemporary body composition methods in various races and ethnicities.

Few investigations have evaluated the validity of current body composition technology among racially and ethnically diverse populations. This study assessed the validity of common body composition methods in a multi-ethnic sample stratified by race and ethnicity. One hundred and ten individuals (55 % female, age: 26·5 (sd 6·9) years) identifying as Asian, African American/Black, Caucasian/White, Hispanic, Multi-racial and Native American were enrolled.

Examining the Dynamic Nature of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Factors in Women's Collegiate Soccer.

Context: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common and devastating injury in women's soccer. Several risk factors for ACL injury have been identified, but have not yet been examined as potentially dynamic risk factors, which may change throughout a collegiate soccer season.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury in US Military Academy Cadet Basic Training: A Survival Analysis Evaluating Sex, History of Injury, and Body Mass Index.

Background: Injury incidence for physically active populations with a high volume of physical load can exceed 79%. There is little existing research focused on timing of injury and how that timing differs based on certain risk factors.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to report both the incidence and timing of lower extremity injuries during cadet basic training.

Automated Landing Error Scoring System Performance and the Risk of Bone Stress Injury in Military Trainees.

Context: Lower extremity bone stress injuries (BSIs) place a significant burden on the health and readiness of the US Armed Forces.

Objective: To determine if preinjury baseline performance on an expanded and automated 22-item version of the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS-22) was associated with the incidence of BSIs in a military training population.

Design: Prospective cohort study.