Role of macrophages in progression of colorectal cancer: a contrast with the traditional paradigm.

The phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages may be critical for tumor immunity, angiogenesis, and clinical disease outcome. Here, we elucidated the prognostic significance of the neovasculature and macrophages in colorectal cancer. We analyzed the effect of M2 macrophage density on the clinical behavior of 151 primary colorectal carcinomas using CD206 as a marker for type 2 macrophages.

α1-adrenergic receptors accompanied by GATA4 expression are related to proarrhythmic conduction and automaticity in rat interatrial septum.

The development of interatrial septum (IAS) is a complicated process, which continues during postnatal life. The hypertrophic signals in developing heart are mediated among others by α-adrenergic pathways. These facts suggest the presence of specific electrophysiological features in developing IAS.

The susceptibility of the rat pulmonary and caval vein myocardium to the catecholamine-induced ectopy changes oppositely in postnatal development.

Key Points: The developmental changes of the caval (SVC) and pulmonary vein (PV) myocardium electrophysiology are traced throughout postnatal ontogenesis. The myocardium in SVC as well as in PV demonstrate age-dependent differences in the ability to maintain resting membrane potential, to manifest automaticity in a form of ectopic action potentials in basal condition and in responses to the adrenergic stimulation. Electrophysiological characteristics of two distinct types of thoracic vein myocardium change in an opposite manner during early postnatal ontogenesis with increased proarrhythmicity of pulmonary and decreased automaticity in caval veins.

CHID1 Is a Novel Prognostic Marker of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

There is an urgent need for identification of new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we evaluated immune cells markers in 100 NSCLC specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed no prognostic value for the markers studied, except CD163 and CD206.

Immunosuppressive Phenotype of Esophagus Tumors Stroma.

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) contribute significantly to the development of immunosuppressive properties of a tumor. In this study, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of immune cells of esophageal tumors stroma.

Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 48 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients were retrospectively collected for immunohistochemical analysis of stromal cells.

Rat caval vein myocardium undergoes changes in conduction characteristics during postnatal ontogenesis.

The electrophysiological properties of the superior vena cava (SVC) myocardium, which is considered a minor source of atrial arrhythmias, were studied in this study during postnatal development. Conduction properties were investigated in spontaneously active and electrically paced SVC preparations obtained from 7-60-day-old male Wistar rats using optical mapping and microelectrode techniques. The presence of high-conductance connexin 43 (Cx43) was evaluated in SVC cross-sections using immunofluorescence.

Development and Characterization of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody Against Chitinase-like Protein CHID1 Applicable for Immunohistochemistry on Formalin Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Sections.

CHID1 has been recently described as a predictive marker of different malignant tumors. Thus, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for CHID1 detection in different human liquids and in tissues are an important tool for the diagnosis of CHID1-positive cancers. However, only few mAbs have been established to date.

A Novel Monoclonal Antibody Against Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase Applicable for Paraffin-Embedded Tissues and Diagnostics of Prostate Cancer.

AMACR (alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase) has been recently described as a prostate cancer-specific gene that encodes a protein involved in the beta-oxidation of branched chain fatty acids. Expression of AMACR protein is found in prostatic adenocarcinoma, but not in benign prostatic tissue. Thus, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for AMACR detection are an important tool for the diagnosis of AMACR-positive cancers.

Tumor Associated Macrophages in Kidney Cancer.

Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important element of tumor stroma. They originate from blood monocytes attracted by chemokines and cytokines produced by tumor cells and, being instructed by tumor microenvironment, develop into potent tumor-supporting cell population. TAMs were demonstrated to directly stimulate tumor cell proliferation and to promote angiogenesis.