[En bloc transurethral resection for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer].

Bladder cancer (BC) is a severe, and in some cases disabling disease for which no active detection strategy has been developed. It requires careful differential diagnosis, and is associated with a high risk for recurrence and progression. The choice of optimal treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder Cancer (NMIBC) can reduce the rate of recurrence and improve oncologic outcomes.

[Long-term safety and efficacy of trospium chloride for the treatment of neurogenic overactive bladder due to Parkinson's disease is there an effect on cognitive status?].

Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of long-term use of trospium chloride (Spazmex) for the treatment of patients with neurogenic overactive bladder due to Parkinson's disease (PD) and to determine the influence of therapy on the cognitive status of patients.

Materials And Methods: 60 patients with PD and neurogenic overactive bladder with stages 2.5, 3 and 4 according to Hoehn-Yahr scale were included in the main group.

[Neurogenic overactive bladder: focus on cognitive function].

Background: An overactive bladder and cognitive impairment are two medical and social problems, which have an outmost importance, affecting the quality of life. Both disorders are common in the practice of a urologist, neurologist, internist, and other physicians. Parkinsons disease and multiple sclerosis are the most common neurological diseases, which often manifest by pelvic dysfunction and cognitive dysfunction.

[The role of male factor in pregnancy loss].

Currently fertility specialists pay close attention to miscarriage. Spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss in an early period of gestation are a frequent complication of pregnancy. Etiology of miscarriage includes genetic abnormalities, immunological disorders, endocrine abnormalities, infections and lifestyle factors.

[Current trends in the method used for urine derivation after radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer].

Bladder cancer ranks 7th in the world among all malignant tumors in men and 11th in both sexes. Radical cystectomy is the gold standard of muscle-invasive bladder cancer treatment in most countries of the world. A large number of fundamentally different options for urine derivation is developed.

[Radical cystectomy: therapeutic aspects of preoperative and early postoperative management].

Aim: to improve the results of radical cystectomy by optimization of patient preparation for surgery and early postoperative care.

Materials And Methods: A total of 136 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and either orthotopic ileal neobladder or ileal conduit formation were included in the study. Brikkers operation was performed in 92 patients (76% men and 24% women) aged from 39 to 83 years, while in 44 patients (97.

[The incidence of malignant transformation of renal cysts of category 1, 2, and 2F by the BOSNIAK classification into multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma].

Relevance: Renal cysts remain the most common of benign renal lesions, but current literature is lacking large observational studies on the incidence of their malignant transformation.

Aim: To assess the incidence of malignant transformation of renal cysts of category 1, 2, and 2F by the Bosniak classification into multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: From January 2009 to December 2017, 177 patients with renal cysts of category 1 (n=50), 2 (n=74), and 2F (n=53) underwent laparoscopic decortication.

[Importance of surgery of quick recovery program for surgical treatment of bladder tumors].

The article presents an analytical review of literature outlining the prospects for the use of the program "Surgery of quick recovery" in the surgical treatment of the bladder malignant tumors. The multi-modal program "Surgery of quick recovery" was found to reduce the number of postoperative complications and shorten recovery of patients with bladder cancer.

[Treatment of exstrophy of bladder in adults].

Exstrophy of bladder in adults is extremely rare, since such anomalies are usually underwent surgery in early childhood. Difficulties in the treatment of adult patients are associated with severe long-term changes of the mucosa and surrounding tissues, chronic urinary infection, as well as a large diastasis between pubic bones and inefficiency of osteotomy. The article describes the methodology and results of the surgery in a patient 33 years old with exstrophy-epispadias after failed previous interventions.

[Results of three-year clinical study of prostamol uno efficacy and safety in patients with initial symptoms of prostatic adenoma and risk of its progression].

Prostamol Uno (PU) efficacy and safety were studied in a multicenter, open-population, randomized and comparative trial. PU was given in a single daily dose 320 mg for 36 months to 50 patients with initial symptoms of prostatic adenoma (PA) in comparison with 50 matched controls. The trial evaluated PU action on the symptoms progression and quality of life with application of questionnaires IPSS and QoL (BS).

[Overcontinence in females after orthotopic replacement of the urinary bladder].

Treatment results were analysed for 27 patients (mean age 53 +/- 7 years) after orthotopic urinary diversion (by the method of Studer, Hautmann) following radical cystectomy. Radical cystectomy was performed without nerve preservation in all the patients. Overcontinence was detected in 4 (26.

[Determination of optimal length of extramural tunnels for their adequate anticurrent properties in intestinal urine derivation].

An acute experiment on adult dogs with conduction of manometry in outlets and inlets in reservoir filling and with Valsalva's test has established that reliable continent properties of the anti-current mechanisms are provided in creation of the tunnel with functional length 5 cm minimum leading to proportional rise in pressure in reservoir and in outlet. Pressure in the outlet was approximately 2 times higher than in the reservoir. In tunnel length 4 cm Valsalva's test registered leaking.

[A comparative analysis of antireflux and direct methods of ureteral implantation in intestinal continent urinary derivation].

Intestinal continent urinary derivation was made from 1997 to 2006 in three groups of patients. The following kinds of derivation were performed: ureterosygmostomy according to Maintz-Pouch and Abol-Enein modification (group 1, n=32); heterotopic replacement of the urinary bladder in various modifications (group 2, 50 patients); orthotopic replacement according to Hautmann, Studer, Abol-Enein, sygmocystoplasty, n=51). In group 1 ureterosygmoanastomosis was created only by antireflux methods: Goodwin and Hohenfellner submucous technique and Abol-Enein extramural implantation.

[Forming of straight urointestinal anastomosis at enteric replacement of urinary bladder].

Problem of decreasing the complications rate of intestinal urine derivation is very relevant. One of the most important problem is the stricture of urointestinal anastomosis. The problem of the choice of antireflux or direct method of ureters implantanion is not solved.

[Heterotopic urine derivation in females with urinary bladder extrophy].

Fifteen females aged from 17 to 31 years with bladder extrophy (the condition after ureterosygmostomy) have undergone heterotopic urine derivation with creation of a cutaneous urine-retention catheter mechanism. Surgery was indicated in progressive decline of renal function in the presence of renal reflux, total urine incontinence in the failure of pelvic floor muscles and rectal sphyncter apparatus. Creation of cutaneous urine-retention catheter mechanism was made by the following techniques: heterotopic plastic repair from the ileocecal angle by Mainz pouch I (11 patients, 73.

[Efficacy of detection of specific nuclear protein of matrix 22 in the urine in diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer].

The method is based on enzyme immunoassay for definition of nuclear matrix proteins forming part of the cell nuclear capsule. Quantity of these proteins increase 20-80 times in cancer of the bladder. A total of 83 patients participated in the trial.

[Oncology and urology: relations between specialities].

The article presents the analysis of present-day medical care for patients with urogenital cancer (UGC) in the Russian Federation (RF). In 2004 cancer treatment service in the RF has 8 Research Cancer and Radiological Institutes, 110 inpatient and 7 outpatient cancer clinics. According to the statistics for 1998, UGC patients are treated in 32 specialized departments in 24 regions.

[Analysis of efficacy of extensive systematic transperineal TRUS-guided cor biopsy of the prostate].

The paper presents the technique of extensive systemic transperineal TRUS-guided cor biopsy of the prostate. Some aspects of the patients' safety and quality of biopsy cores are considered. The analysis of TNM stages of the detected cancers (55 cases out of 142 patients who have undergone systemic biopsy) showed 65.

[Intestinal replacement of the urinary bladder with creation of continent cutaneostomy].

Continent urine derivation with creation of cutaneous urine-retaining catheter mechanism was conducted in 28 patients. Indications for surgery were the following: contracted urinary bladder in combination with long obliteration of the urethra, urinary bladder extrophy (the condition after ureterosygmostomy), urinary bladder cancer, arteriosclerotic urinary bladder. Creation of cutaneous urine-retaining cather mechanism was performed according to the following methods: urine derivation by Minez pouch I (with creation of appendistoma) was made in 14 patients; extending intestinoplasty by Minez pouch (creation of intestinal reservoir from ileocecal angle with catheter appendicostoma) was made in 8 patients; extending ileoplasty with catheter ileostoma by Huder--2 patients; creation of a reservoir of the ileum with catheter ileocutaneostoma by extramural technique of Ald-Enein--2 patients; extending intestinoplasty with catheter ileostoma--2 patients.

[The use of low-molecular heparins in prevention and treatment of thrombotic complications after radical prostatectomy].

Effects of low-molecular heparin flaxiparin on prevention of thrombotic complications after radical prostatectomy were studied in two groups of patients with localized forms of prostatic cancer at stages T1c, T2a, T2b and T3a. Group 1 received non-fractionated standard heparin in a dose 5000 units 4 times a day for 10 days. Group 2 was treated with flaxiparin in a dose 0.

[Proximate and remote results of ureterosigmoidostomy with creation of Mainz pouch II and Hasan reservoirs].

The aim of the study was analysis of short- and long-term results of treating patients operated with intestinal replacement of the urinary bladder by Mintz pouch II and Hasan. Thirty-two ureterosigmostomies with creation of the reservoir from the rectosigmoid angle (17 Mintz pouch II and 15 Abol-Enein operations) were made from 1997-2002. The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 73, the follow-up was 12-72 months.