Peri-operative pharmacokinetics of cefazolin prophylaxis during valve replacement surgery.

Objective: There is little prospective data to guide effective dosing for antibiotic prophylaxis during surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We aim to describe the effects of CPB on the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of total and unbound concentrations of cefazolin and to recommend optimised dosing regimens.

Methods: Patients undergoing CPB for elective cardiac valve replacement were included using convenience sampling.

Factor Xa Levels in Patients Receiving Prophylactic Enoxaparin Sodium in the Intensive Care Unit of an Academic Hospital.

The aim of this study was to determine the anti-factor Xa levels in patients receiving enoxaparin sodium for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in the intensive care unit (ICU). Using a cross-sectional study methodology, 73 ICU patients receiving 40 mg enoxaparin sodium daily were enrolled in this study. Anti-factor Xa levels were measured following the second dose.