Evaluation of a results-based financing nutrition intervention for tuberculosis patients in Madhya Pradesh, India, implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Reducing malnutrition through food supplementation is a critical component of the WHO End Tuberculosis (TB) strategy. A results-based financing (RBF) initiative in Madhya Pradesh, India-called Mukti-introduced an intensive nutrition intervention, including home visits, counseling, food basket distribution, and assistance in obtaining government benefits. Phase 1 of the program (Dhar District), implemented by ChildFund India (ChildFund) and funded by USAID, coincided with the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020.

Commentary: Contextualizing Alternatives to RCTs: Measuring the Impact of a Non-Governmental Sponsorship Organization's Projects to Strengthen Children's Supportive Environments.

ChildFund International (ChildFund) is a child-focused International Non-Governmental Organization (INGO) which, since 1938, has worked with local implementing partners (LIPs), government, and other partner organizations to help create the safe environments children need to thrive. The purpose of this commentary is to reflect on the utility and possible application of the suggestions and study designs in this special issue to real-life intervention studies in dynamic context settings. The commentary provides three regional case examples with evaluation study lessons learned from ChildFund's global evaluation work.

Correlates of children and parents being physically active together.

Background: Co-physical activity (between parents and children), as an outcome variable, and its correlates have not been examined previously. The purpose of this study was to investigate correlates of co-physical activity among a nationally representative sample of 9- to 13-year-old children and their parents.

Methods: Data were from the 2004 Youth Media Campaign Longitudinal Survey, a national survey of 5177 child-parent dyads.

Meta-analysis of the effects of behavioral HIV prevention interventions on the sexual risk behavior of sexually experienced adolescents in controlled studies in the United States.

To estimate the effect of behavioral and social interventions on sexual risk of HIV among sexually experienced adolescents in the United States and to assess factors associated with variation in outcomes, we selected studies from the HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis project database. Twenty studies published or reported during the years 1988 through 1998 met criteria: 16 presented sufficient data; of these, 15 evaluated behavioral interventions and 1 a social intervention. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), weighted by study precision, indicated significantly less sex without condoms (number of studies, k, 13; OR, 0.

A profile of U.S.-based trials of behavioral and social interventions for HIV risk reduction.

We describe 99 (experimental and certain quasi-experimental) U.S.-based trials, reported or published since 1988, of behavioral and social interventions that measured prespecified behavioral and biologic outcomes and aimed to reduce risk for HIV infection.

The HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Project: scope, methods, and study classification results.

In 1996, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in collaboration with many partners, initiated the HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis (PRS) project to accumulate HIV prevention research studies and analyze their effectiveness in reducing sexual and drug-related risk behaviors for HIV transmission. The PRS team developed standardized guidelines and procedures for the systematic reviews, conducted systematic searches for pertinent studies, characterized the selected studies, analyzed effectiveness data, and established a cumulative database. As of June 1998, the database contained more than 5000 reports: 4068 were reports that met the PRS scope criteria for inclusion and 586 of those reports contained outcome data from an intervention study.