Supporting Patient Involvement in U.S. Medical Education Through Changes in Accreditation.

For over half of a century, there have been calls for greater patient and community involvement in U.S. medical education.

Blind spots in medical education - International perspectives.

Background: All individuals and groups have blind spots that can create problems if unaddressed. The goal of this study was to examine blind spots in medical education from international perspectives.

Methods: From December 2022 to March 2023, we distributed an electronic survey through international networks of medical students, postgraduate trainees, and medical educators.

Group concept mapping for health professions education scholarship.

While explicit conceptual models help to inform research, they are left out of much of the health professions education (HPE) literature. One reason may be the limited understanding about how to develop conceptual models with intention and rigor. Group concept mapping (GCM) is a mixed methods conceptualization approach that has been used to develop frameworks for planning and evaluation, but GCM has not been common in HPE.

Seeing with greater clarity: Stakeholder ratings of blind spots in U.S. medical education.

Background: Although medical education is affected by numerous blind spots, there is limited evidence to determine which blind spots to prioritize.

Methods: In summer 2022, we surveyed stakeholders from U.S.

Using Group Concept Mapping to Explore Medical Education's Blind Spots.

Phenomenon: All individuals and groups have blind spots that can lead to mistakes, perpetuate biases, and limit innovations. The goal of this study was to better understand how blind spots manifest in medical education by seeking them out in the U.S.

Gender differences in academic productivity, educational positions, and leadership appointments of physicians in the U.S.

Background: Promotions in academic medicine are frequently based on number of publications and leadership positions held. While prior study has established women publish less than men, many evaluations are limited to individual specialties and do not evaluate involvement with educational activities.

Objective: To compare gender differences in academic output, intramural leadership positions, and educational leadership positions of academic physicians.

Blind spots in medical education: how can we envision new possibilities?

As human beings, we all have blind spots. Most obvious are our visual blind spots, such as where the optic nerve meets the retina and our inability to see behind us. It can be more difficult to acknowledge our other types of blind spots, like unexamined beliefs, assumptions, or biases.

Assessing changes in the quality of quantitative health educations research: a perspective from communities of practice.

Background: As a community of practice (CoP), medical education depends on its research literature to communicate new knowledge, examine alternative perspectives, and share methodological innovations. As a key route of communication, the medical education CoP must be concerned about the rigor and validity of its research literature, but prior studies have suggested the need to improve medical education research quality. Of concern in the present study is the question of how responsive the medical education research literature is to changes in the CoP.

Trypanosomatids Associated in the Alimentary Canal of Bagrada hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) is an invasive pest of economically important crops in the United States. During physiological investigations of B. hilaris, a flagellated protozoan was discovered in the alimentary canal of many specimens.

Addressing Sexual Harassment in the #MeToo Era: An Institutional Approach.

Sexual harassment is a particularly pernicious form of harassment that can result in long-lasting psychological damage to victims. In health care, it has deleterious effects on teamwork and communication and may affect patient care. Although concerns regarding sexual harassment in the workplace, including within health care, are not new, increased attention has been focused on this topic since late 2017 as a result of the #MeToo movement.

Internal Medicine Resident Professionalism Assessments: Exploring the Association With Patients' Overall Satisfaction With Their Hospital Stay.

Purpose: Successful training of internal medicine (IM) residents requires accurate assessments. Patients could assess IM residents in a hospital setting, but medical educators must understand how contextual factors may affect assessments. The objective was to investigate relationships between patient, resident, and hospital-encounter characteristics and the results of patient assessments of IM resident professionalism.

Associations Between In-Hospital Mortality, Health Care Utilization, and Inpatient Costs With the 2011 Resident Duty Hour Revision.

Background: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) has mandated revisions to residents' work hours to improve patient safety and enhance resident education and wellness. The impact on clinical outcomes on a national level is poorly understood.

Objective: We examined data from before and after the ACGME 2011 duty hour revision and looked for differences between teaching and nonteaching US hospitals.

Female Reproductive System Morphology and the Development of a Physiological Age-Grading System for Bagrada hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

In this paper, we describe the morphology of the female Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) reproductive system and develop a physiological age-grading system related to egg production. The female reproductive system is composed of two meroistic and telotrophic ovaries each containing 5-6 tubular ovarioles. The ovarioles unite into the lateral oviduct which combine to form the common oviduct.

Imprinting on Clinical Rotations: Multisite Survey of High- and Low-Value Medical Student Behaviors and Relationship with Healthcare Intensity.

Background: Physician behaviors are important to high-value care, and the learning environment medical students encounter on clinical clerkships may imprint their developing practice patterns.

Objectives: To explore potential imprinting on clinical rotations by (a) describing high- and low-value behaviors among medical students and (b) examining relationships with regional healthcare intensity (HCI).

Design: Multisite cross-sectional survey PARTICIPANTS: Third- and fourth-year students at nine US medical schools MAIN MEASURES: Survey items measured high-value (n = 10) and low-value (n = 9) student behaviors.

Attitudes toward cost-conscious care among U.S. physicians and medical students: analysis of national cross-sectional survey data by age and stage of training.

Background: The success of initiatives intended to increase the value of health care depends, in part, on the degree to which cost-conscious care is endorsed by current and future physicians. This study aimed to first analyze attitudes of U.S.

Value-Added Activities in Medical Education: A Multisite Survey of First- and Second-Year Medical Students' Perceptions and Factors Influencing Their Potential Engagement.

Purpose: To describe attitudes of first- and second-year U.S. medical students toward value-added medical education, assess their self-reported desire to participate in value-added activities, and identify potentially modifiable factors influencing their engagement.

High-Value, Cost-Conscious Communication Skills in Undergraduate Medical Education: Validity Evidence for Scores Derived from Two Standardized Patient Scenarios.

Introduction: Training in high-value, cost-conscious care (HVCCC) is increasingly being incorporated into medical school curricula, but students may have limited opportunities to engage patients in HVCCC conversations. The aim of this study was to develop two standardized patient scenarios with associated checklists, hypothesizing that resulting scores would allow for valid formative assessments of HVCCC communication skills.

Methods: Scenarios were designed to generate a less-is-more conversation (in response to a patient requesting an unnecessary test) and a shared decision-making conversation (in response to a patient choosing between multiple effective treatment options).

Conference presentation to publication: a retrospective study evaluating quality of abstracts and journal articles in medical education research.

Background: There is little evidence regarding the comparative quality of abstracts and articles in medical education research. The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI), which was developed to evaluate the quality of reporting in medical education, has strong validity evidence for content, internal structure, and relationships to other variables. We used the MERSQI to compare the quality of reporting for conference abstracts, journal abstracts, and published articles.

Effects of Temperatures on Immature Development and Survival of the Invasive Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a non-native stink bug that feeds primarily on cole crops and wild mustards. Its invasion into desert agriculture in California and Arizona presents a conundrum between rapid pest development at warm temperatures and severe damage to cool season crops. In this study, the development and survival of B.

Allantoin Crystal Formation in Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Females.

Bagrada hilaris is a polyphagous herbivore reported as an invasive pest in the United States. During the course of dissecting Burmeister hilaris unique crystals were observed in both the midgut and oviducts. Crystals were identified using X-ray diffraction techniques.

Science of health care delivery milestones for undergraduate medical education.

Background: The changing healthcare landscape requires physicians to develop new knowledge and skills such as high-value care, systems improvement, population health, and team-based care, which together may be referred to as the Science of Health Care Delivery (SHCD). To engender public trust and confidence, educators must be able to meaningfully assess physicians' abilities in SHCD. We aimed to develop a novel set of SHCD milestones based on published Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones that can be used by medical schools to assess medical students' competence in SHCD.

A Multifaceted Organizational Physician Assessment Program: Validity Evidence and Implications for the Use of Performance Data.

Objective: To provide validity evidence for a multifaceted organizational program for assessing physician performance and evaluate the practical and psychometric consequences of 2 approaches to scoring (mean vs top box scores).

Participants And Methods: Participants included physicians with a predominantly outpatient practice in general internal medicine (n=95), neurology (n=99), and psychiatry (n=39) at Mayo Clinic from January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2014. Study measures included hire year, patient complaint and compliment rates, note-signing timeliness, cost per episode of care, and Likert-scaled surveys from patients, learners, and colleagues (scored using mean ratings and top box percentages).

Ways to Write a Milestone: Approaches to Operationalizing the Development of Competence in Graduate Medical Education.

Purpose: To identify approaches to operationalizing the development of competence in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones.

Method: The authors reviewed all 25 "Milestone Project" documents available on the ACGME Web site on September 11, 2013, using an iterative process to identify approaches to operationalizing the development of competence in the milestones associated with each of 601 subcompetencies.

Results: Fifteen approaches were identified.