Protumoral lipid droplet-loaded macrophages are enriched in human glioblastoma and can be therapeutically targeted.

Glioblastoma presents a formidable clinical challenge because of its complex microenvironment. Here, we characterized tumor-associated foam cells (TAFs), a type of lipid droplet-loaded macrophage, in human glioblastoma. Through extensive analyses of patient tumors, together with in vitro and in vivo investigations, we found that TAFs exhibit distinct protumorigenic characteristics related to hypoxia, mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and impaired phagocytosis, and their presence correlates with worse outcomes for patients with glioma.

Analyzing the Effects of Cr and Mo on the Pearlite Formation in Hypereutectoid Steel Using Experiments and Phase Field Numerical Simulations.

In this study, we quantitatively investigate the impact of 1.4 wt.% chromium and 1.

AFITbin: a metagenomic contig binning method using aggregate l-mer frequency based on initial and terminal nucleotides.

Background: Using next-generation sequencing technologies, scientists can sequence complex microbial communities directly from the environment. Significant insights into the structure, diversity, and ecology of microbial communities have resulted from the study of metagenomics. The assembly of reads into longer contigs, which are then binned into groups of contigs that correspond to different species in the metagenomic sample, is a crucial step in the analysis of metagenomics.

Evaluating the relationship between aEEG findings and two-year prognosis in neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia.

Objective: Identifying factors that can better predict the prognosis of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia is important. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between electroencephalography (EEG) findings and two-year prognosis in neonates with severe hyperbilirubinemia.

Methods & Materials: In a cohort prospective study, we studied neonates with a total serum bilirubin level of higher than 18 mg/dL, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, Iran.

Dataset on neonatal and maternal factors influencing neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: A study focused on the healthcare context of Mashhad, Iran.

This dataset offers an insight into the neurodevelopmental trajectories of preterm infants, encapsulating a wide array of neonatal and maternal factors. The data variables include demographic details alongside a detailed account of maternal health during pregnancy, encompassing aspects and other complications. Furthermore, the dataset documents neonatal health conditions.

A dual functional turn off florescence sensor using metal-organic framework for sensitive detection of aluminum(III) in aqueous solution.

Aluminum, classified as one of the toxic heavy metals, has a recommended daily consumption limit of 3-10 mg, as specified by the World Health Organization (WHO). Herein, the selective and sensitive aluminum(III) fluorescence sensor based on TMU-16 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in aqueous medium, is reported. A sensing pathway was found via the cation exchange between aluminum(III) and zinc(II) ions, and caused selectivity and sensitivity detection of aluminum(III) with a 5-100 ppm linear range and 1.

Analysis of microplastics in ships ballast water and its ecological risk assessment studies from the Persian Gulf.

Transport of ballast water is considered a significant vector for dispersion of different pollutants, including microplastics (MPs), throughout the world's oceans. However, there is limited information on MPs in ballast water. Size distribution, polymer type, and ecological risks of MPs in ballast water were investigated for the first time in this study.

Predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: A comprehensive evaluation of neonatal and maternal risk factors.

Objective: This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants (≤ 34 weeks gestational age) in the NICU.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 89 preterm infants admitted to the NICU of Ghaem hospital, Mashhad, between 2016 and 2020. Data on neonatal and maternal factors were collected.

Frequent detection and genotyping of human rhinovirus in SARS-CoV-2 negative patients; a study from south of Iran.

Background And Objectives: Human rhinovirus (HRV), a major cause of common cold, was associated to the hospitalization of children and adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence, and genotype distribution of HRV in the patients with mild to severe respiratory infections who were negative for SARS-Cov-2.

Materials And Methods: Nasopharyngeal swab specimens (n = 356) from the patients aged 29 days to 82 years, received for the respiratory virus detection from January to December 2021, were analyzed for human rhinovirus (HRV) by RT-PCR.

Evaluation of risk factors and diseases associated with metabolic and atherosclerotic disorders in different abdominal fat distribution patterns assessed by CT-scan.

Obesity is defined as an increase in body fat composition.

Antisecretory factor is safe to use as add-on treatment in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite the best available treatment, prognosis remains poor. Current standard therapy consists of surgical removal of the tumor followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ).

Effect of Geometry and Orientation on the Tensile Properties and Failure Mechanisms of Compliant Suture Joints.

Compliant sutures surrounded by stiff matrices are present in biological armors and carapaces, providing enhanced mechanical performance. Understanding the mechanisms through which these sutured composites achieve outstanding properties is key to developing engineering materials with improved strength and toughness. This article studies the impact of suture geometry and load direction on the performance of suture joints using a two-stage reactive polymer resin that enables facile photopatterning of mechanical heterogeneity within a single polymer network.

The association of opioid consumption and osteoporosis in old men: Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program.

Unlabelled: In a population of 1156 men aged ≥ 60 years, opioid drug use was reported by 4.1% (n = 47) of participants. Among opioids, opium was the most prevalent consuming drug (83%).

Investigation of EEG changes before and after phototherapy in infants with severe hyperbilirubinemia.

Background: Despite the known effect of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, the effect of phototherapy on electroencephalography (EEG) remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the alteration of electroencephalography in infants with hyperbilirubinemia before and after phototherapy.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on infants of≥35 weeks of gestation with hyperbilirubinemia.

Epidemiological features of cutaneous leishmaniosis and related factors in Bushehr province, southwest of Iran.

Cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL) is one of the most important known infectious skin diseases, and Iran, as a country at high risk of leishmaniosis. This research was carried out to describe the epidemiological status of cutaneous leishmaniosis during 2011-2018 years in Bushehr province. Total, 929 cutaneous leishmaniosis patients were registered in the Bushehr province during this period.

Epidemiological features of malaria in Bushehr province, southwest of Iran.

The purpose of this research was to describe the malaria situation in Bushehr province from 2011 to 2018. The current study is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on available data. Between 2011 and 2018, 715 malaria patients were registered in the Bushehr province.

Association between platelet, white blood cell count, platelet to white blood cell ratio and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults: focus on Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program.

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disorder associated with harmful impacts on health. The present study aimed to investigate the relation between sarcopenia, platelet (PLT), white blood cell (WBC), and PLT to WBC ratio (PWR) due to the importance of early sarcopenia diagnosis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Program.

Intratumoral administration of the antisecretory peptide AF16 cures murine gliomas and modulates macrophage functions.

Glioblastoma has remained the deadliest primary brain tumor while its current therapy offers only modest survival prolongation. Immunotherapy has failed to record notable benefits in routine glioblastoma treatment. Conventionally, immunotherapy relies on T cells as tumor-killing agents; however, T cells are outnumbered by macrophages in glioblastoma microenvironment.

Landscape of surfaceome and endocytome in human glioma is divergent and depends on cellular spatial organization.

Therapeutic strategies directed at the tumor surfaceome (TS), including checkpoint inhibitor blocking antibodies, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, provide a new armament to fight cancer. However, a remaining bottleneck is the lack of strategies to comprehensively interrogate patient tumors for potential TS targets. Here, we have developed a platform (tumor surfaceome mapping [TS-MAP]) integrated with a newly curated TS classifier (SURFME) that allows profiling of primary 3D cultures and intact patient glioma tumors with preserved tissue architecture.

Perilacunar bone tissue exhibits sub-micrometer modulus gradation which depends on the recency of osteocyte bone formation in both young adult and early-old-age female C57Bl/6 mice.

Osteocytes resorb and replace bone local to the lacunar-canalicular system (LCS). However, whether osteocyte remodeling impacts bone quality adjacent to the LCS is not understood. Further, while aging is well-established to decrease osteocyte viability and truncate LCS geometry, it is unclear if aging also decreases perilacunar bone quality.

The association of cardio-metabolic risk factors and history of falling in men with osteosarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program.

Background: Osteosarcopenia, defined as sarcopenia plus osteopenia/osteoporosis, may increase the risk of fractures and affects morbidity and mortality in the older population. Falling is also common in the elderly and increases the risk of fractures and mortality. We examined the association of cardio-metabolic risk factors with a history of falling in osteosarcopenic men.

Immunopathology and Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19, what we know and what we should learn.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly interacts with host's epithelial and immune cells, leading to inflammatory response induction, which is considered the hallmark of infection. The host immune system is programmed to facilitate the clearance of viral infection by establishing a modulated response. However, SARS-CoV-2 takes the initiative and its various structural and non-structural proteins directly or indirectly stimulate the uncontrolled activation of injurious inflammatory pathways through interaction with innate immune system mediators.