Comparing the outcomes of MR-based versus CT-based tumor delineation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy.

Background: Delineating gross tumor volume (GTV) using computed tomography (CT) imaging is the standard for lung cancer contouring, but discrepancies among observers compromise accuracy and reliability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides superior soft-tissue resolution compared to CT, thus, we design this retrospective study to compare the treatment outcomes of magnetic resonance-based (MR-based) and CT-based tumor delineation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) patients treated with hypo-fractionated concurrent chemoradiotherapy (hypo-CCRT).

Methods: A total of 293 LA-NSCLC patients treated with hypo-CCRT from three trials between October 2015 and October 2020 were screened.

The effects of the interaction between cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and walnut protein isolate (WPI) on the thermal and oxidative stability of C3G.

This study explores the interaction between cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), a water-soluble pigment known for its diverse functional activities, and walnut protein isolate (WPI) as a potential stabilizing agent. Given the inherent instability of C3G, particularly its limited application in the food industry due to sensitivity to thermal and oxidative conditions, this research study aims to enhance its stability. According to the results of the fluorescence quenching experiment, C3G can efficiently quench WPI's intrinsic fluorescence through static quenching.

Developing a multifunctional chitosan composite sponge for managing traumatic injuries.

Developing porous hemostatic sponges that are both biosafe and multifunctional remains a complex challenge. Conventional hemostatic techniques often fall short in managing bleeding effectively, leading to severe critical cases such as suboptimal hemostasis, increased infection risk, and complications arising from profuse bleeding. To address these deficits, our study introduces a novel multifunctional nanocomposite sponge that synergistically incorporates chitosan (CS), cellulose (Cel), graphene oxide (GO), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles.

Engineering Two-dimensional tungsten-doped molybdenum selenide transformed conformational nanoarchitectonics: Trimodal therapeutic nanoagents for enhanced synergistic Photothermal/Chemodynamic/Chemotherapy of breast carcinoma.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) exhibit promising photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) for anti-tumour treatment. Herein, we proposed an engineering strategy to regulate the lattice structure of tungsten-doped molybdenum selenide (MoWSe) transformed conformational nanoarchitectonics using a microwave-assisted solvothermal method for enhancing peroxidase (POD)-like catalytic performance by adjusting the ratio of molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W). Furthermore, the optimised MoWSe nanoflakes surface was modified with chitosan (CHI) for improved biocompatibility and nanocatalytic efficacy, then the obtained CHI-MoWSe subsequently loaded the chemotherapeutic drug mitoxantrone (MTO) for enhanced 4 T1 cells killing ability, shortly denoted as CHI-MoWSe-MTO for PTT-augmented CDT and chemotherapy (CT).

Pt-Cluster-Embedded Metal-Organic Frameworks-Derived Fe@C as Dual-Enzyme Mimics for NADH Detection in Serum.

Dihydro-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) detection is crucial since it is a vital coenzyme in organism metabolism. Compared to the traditional method based on natural NADH oxidase (NOX), nanozymes with multienzyme-like activity can catalyze multistage reactions in a singular setup, simplifying detection processes and enhancing sensitivity. In this study, an innovative NADH detection method was developed using iron-doped carbon (Fe@C) nanozyme synthesized from metal-organic frameworks with in situ reduced Pt clusters.

Repeated dynamic [F]FDG PET/CT imaging using a high-sensitivity PET/CT scanner for assessing non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing induction immuno-chemotherapy followed by hypo-fractionated chemoradiotherapy and consolidative immunotherapy: report from a prospective observational study (GASTO-1067).

Objective: The study aims to investigate the role of dynamic [F]FDG PET/CT imaging by high-sensitivity PET/CT scanner for assessing patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) who undergo induction immuno-chemotherapy, followed by concurrent hypo-fractionated chemoradiotherapy (hypo-CCRT) and consolidative immunotherapy.

Methods: Patients with unresectable LA-NSCLC are prospectively recruited. Dynamic [F]FDG PET/CT scans are conducted at four timepoints: before treatment (Baseline), after induction immuno-chemotherapy (Post-IC), during hypo-CCRT (Mid-hypo-CCRT) and after hypo-CCRT (Post-hypo-CCRT).

Correlation of K derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with treatment response and survival in locally advanced NSCLC patients undergoing induction immunochemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of pretreatment dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI parameters concerning tumor response following induction immunochemotherapy and survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent immunotherapy-based multimodal treatments.

Material And Methods: Unresectable stage III NSCLC patients treated by induction immunochemotherapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with or without consolidative immunotherapy from two prospective clinical trials were screened. Using the two-compartment Extend Tofts model, the parameters including K, K, V, and V were calculated from DCE-MRI data.

Fraction Dose Escalation of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy and Subsequent Consolidation Immunotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase I Study.

Purpose: This phase I trial aimed to determine the maximum tolerated fraction dose (MTFD) of hypofractionated radiotherapy (hypo-RT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy and subsequent consolidation immune checkpoint inhibitors (cICI) for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Patients And Methods: Split-course hypo-RT and hypoboost combined with concurrent chemotherapy was administered at three dose levels (DL), using a stepwise dose-escalation protocol. The sophisticated esophagus-sparing technique was implemented to restrict the dose to the esophagus.

Effects of different pickling methods on physicochemical properties and flavor profiles of Tongling white ginger: Dry-salting, brine-pickling, and inoculation-pickling.

Tongling white ginger is a Chinese fermented vegetable with unique flavors. However, little is known about its physicochemical properties, flavor characteristics, and sensory evaluation. The study examined the physicochemical (pH, titratable acidity [TA], nitrite, soluble protein, and color) and flavor characteristics (organic acids, free amino acids, and volatiles) of white ginger during fermentation.

Conformal Conversion of Polyphosphazene@SbMoO Nanowires to N/S-Doped/Carbon-Coated SbPO/MoO for High-performance Lithium Storage.

Alloy-type antimony (Sb) and conversion-type molybdenum (Mo) anodes have attracted extensive attention in the application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to their high theoretical capacity. In this study, SbMoO nanowires are prepared via a hydrothermal method and assessed their thermal behavior upon heat treatment, observing an intriguing transformation from nanowire to SbO/MoO nanosheets. To enhance structure stability, the SbMoO nanowires are successfully coated with a polyphosphazene layer (referred to as PZS@SbMoO), which not only preserved the nanowires form but also yielded N/S co-doped carbon-coated SbPO/MoO (NS-C@SbPO/MoO) nanowires following annealing in an inert environment.

Expression of Concern: One-pot synthesis of acid-degradable polyphosphazene prodrugs for efficient tumor chemotherapy.

Expression of Concern for 'One-pot synthesis of acid-degradable polyphosphazene prodrugs for efficient tumor chemotherapy' by Na Zhou , , 2020, , 10540-10548, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TB01992E.

Expression of concern: Intelligent nanoflowers: a full tumor microenvironment-responsive multimodal cancer theranostic nanoplatform.

Expression of concern for 'Intelligent nanoflowers: a full tumor microenvironment-responsive multimodal cancer theranostic nanoplatform' by Xunan Jing , , 2019, , 15508-15518, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NR04768A.

Co-mutation of TP53 and TTN is Correlated with the Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Immunotherapy has been a promising treatment in advanced lung cancer. However, only a few patients could benefit from it. Herein, we aimed to explore mutationrelated predictive biomarkers in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), which could help develop clinical immunotherapy strategies and screen beneficial populations.

The Wetting Deformation Model of Rockfill and Its Two Methods for Simulating Rockfill Dam Collapse Settlement.

The wetting deformation of the upstream dam shell material during the impoundment of the core wall rockfill dam seriously affects the safety of the dam. Based on the proposed - wetting model, this paper proposes its corresponding two methods to simulate the collapse settlement of the rockfill dam: the initial strain method and the initial stress method. By simulating the collapse settlement of the Guanyinyan core wall rockfill dam, it is found that the simulated result using the initial stress method is in good agreement with the field monitoring data, while the displacement simulated using the initial strain method is larger.

Extraction of functional natural products employing microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase system: application to anthocyanins extraction from mulberry fruits.

Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) has been extensively utilized for the extraction and separation of tiny-molecule substances as a new system (system with short-chain ethanol and inorganic salts). In this study, an innovative method of extracting anthocyanins from mulberry was developed, employing microwave-assisted extraction with ethanol/ammonium sulfate as a biphasic extractant. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize anthocyanin extraction conditions: 39% ethanol (w/w), 13% ammonium sulfate (w/w), and liquid-to-solid ratio of 45:1, microwave duration 3 min, microwave temperature 32 °C, and microwave power 480 Watt (W).

Association of PIK3CA mutation with outcomes in HER2-positive breast cancer treated with anti-HER2 therapy: A meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis of TCGA‑BRCA data.

Background: This study aimed to comprehensively explore the clinical significance of PIK3CA mutation in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer treated with anti-HER2 therapy.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane databases for eligible studies assessing the association between PIK3CA mutation and outcomes in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer receiving anti-HER2 therapy. The main outcomes included: (1) pathological complete response (pCR) or disease-free survival (DFS) for the neoadjuvant setting; (2) DFS or invasive DFS for the adjuvant setting; (3) objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), time-to-progression (TTP), or overall survival (OS) for the metastatic setting.

Polyphosphazene nanodrugs for targeting delivery and inflammation responsive release of curcumin to treat acute lung injury by effectively inhibiting cytokine storms.

An excessive inflammatory response induced by cytokine storms is the primary reason for the deterioration of patients with acute lung injury (ALI). Though natural polyphenols such as curcumin (CUR) have anti-inflammation activity for ALI treatment, they often have limited efficacy due to their poor solubility in water and oxidising tendency. This study investigates a highly cross-linked polyphosphazene nano-drug (PHCH) developed by copolymerisation of CUR and acid-sensitive units (4-hydroxy-benzoic acid (4-hydroxy-benzylidene)-hydrazide, D-HBD) with hexachlorotripolyphosphonitrile (HCCP) for improved treatment of ALI.

Impact of body mass index and its change on survival outcomes in patients with early breast cancer: A pooled analysis of individual-level data from BCIRG-001 and BCIRG-005 trials.

Introduction: The relationships between body mass index (BMI) and survival rates are complex, and have not been thoroughly investigated in breast cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: We collected data on 2394 patients from two randomized, phase III clinical trials that investigated adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer identified in Project Data Sphere. The objective was to examine the effect of baseline BMI, BMI after adjuvant chemotherapy, and BMI change from baseline to post-adjuvant chemotherapy on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Curcumin-Containing polyphosphazene nanodrug for Anti-Inflammation and nerve regeneration to improve functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

The microenvironment of excessive inflammation and the activation of apoptotic signals are primary barriers to neurological recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI). Thus, long-lasting anti-inflammation has become an effective strategy to navigate SCI. Herein, a curcumin (CUR)-containing nanosystem (FCTHPC) with high drug loading efficiency was reported via assembling hydrophobic CUR into cross-linked polyphosphazene (PPZ), and simultaneous loading and coordinating with porous bimetallic polymers for greatly enhanced the water-solubility and biocompatibility of CUR.

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness analysis of pretreatment percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (GASTO 1059).

Background: We launched a single-arm phase II study to determine the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: Eligible patients received pretreatment PEG and enteral nutrition during CCRT. The primary outcome was the change of weight during CCRT.

Patlak-Ki derived from ultra-high sensitivity dynamic total body [F]FDG PET/CT correlates with the response to induction immuno-chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of metabolic features in response to induction immuno-chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced non-small cell cancer (LA-NSCLC), using ultra-high sensitivity dynamic total body [F]FDG PET/CT.

Methods: The study analyzed LA-NSCLC patients who received two cycles of induction immuno-chemotherapy and underwent a 60-min dynamic total body [F]FDG PET/CT scan before treatment. The primary tumors (PTs) were manually delineated, and their metabolic features, including the Patlak-Ki, Patlak-Intercept, maximum SUV (SUV), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were evaluated.

The characteristics and survival of second primary lung cancer after Hodgkin's lymphoma: A comparison with first primary lung cancer using the SEER database.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the characteristics and prognosis between patients with second primary lung cancer following Hodgkin's lymphoma and those with primary lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: Using the SEER 18 database, the characteristics and prognosis were compared between the second primary non-small cell lung cancer following Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL-NSCLC) (n = 466) and the first primary non-small cell lung cancer (n = 469,851)(NSCLC-1), as well as between the second primary small cell lung cancer following Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 93) (HL-SCLC) and the first primary small cell lung cancer (n = 94,168) (SCLC-1). Comparisons of categorical variables were performed using Chi-square or Fisher's test.

Hypofractionated Radiotherapy followed by Hypofractionated Boost with weekly concurrent chemotherapy for Unresectable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of A Prospective Phase II Study (GASTO-1049).

Purpose: We launched a prospective phase 2 clinical trial to explore the safety and efficacy of hypofractionated radiation therapy (hypo-RT) followed by hypofractionated boost (hypo-boost) combined with concurrent weekly chemotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC).

Methods And Materials: Patients with newly diagnosed LA-NSCLC with unresectable stage III disease were recruited between June 2018 and June 2020. Patients were treated with hypo-RT (40 Gy in 10 fractions) followed by hypo-boost (24-28 Gy in 6-7 fractions) combined with concurrent weekly chemotherapy (docetaxel 25 mg/m and nedaplatin 25 mg/m).

Chitosan-based hemostatic sponges as new generation hemostatic materials for uncontrolled bleeding emergency: Modification, composition, and applications.

The choice of hemostatic technique is a curial concern for surgery and as first-aid treatment in combat. To treat uncontrolled bleeding in complex wound environments, chitosan-based hemostatic sponges have attracted significant attention in recent years because of the excellent biocompatibility, degradability, hemostasis and antibacterial properties of chitosan and their unique sponge-like morphology for high fluid absorption rate and priority aggregation of blood cells/platelets to achieve rapid hemostasis. In this review, we provide a historical perspective on the use of chitosan hemostatic sponges as the new generation of hemostatic materials for uncontrolled bleeding emergencies in complex wounds.