Alpha-solanine inhibits endothelial inflammation via nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.

Background: Alpha-solanine (α-solanine) is the main glycoalkaloid in potato plants. It possesses anticarcinogenic properties and exerts toxic effects. Alpha-solanine can regulate the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in cancer cells and macrophages.

A data-driven method to learn a jump diffusion process from aggregate biological gene expression data.

Dynamic models of gene expression are urgently required. In this paper, we describe the time evolution of gene expression by learning a jump diffusion process to model the biological process directly. Our algorithm needs aggregate gene expression data as input and outputs the parameters of the jump diffusion process.

Steady-state joint distribution for first-order stochastic reaction kinetics.

While the analytical solution for the marginal distribution of a stochastic chemical reaction network has been extensively studied, its joint distribution, i.e., the solution of a high-dimensional chemical master equation, has received much less attention.

Phenotypic equilibrium as probabilistic convergence in multi-phenotype cell population dynamics.

We consider the cell population dynamics with n different phenotypes. Both the Markovian branching process model (stochastic model) and the ordinary differential equation (ODE) system model (deterministic model) are presented, and exploited to investigate the dynamics of the phenotypic proportions. We will prove that in both models, these proportions will tend to constants regardless of initial population states ("phenotypic equilibrium") under weak conditions, which explains the experimental phenomenon in Gupta et al.

Flexibility and symmetry of prokaryotic genome rearrangement reveal lineage-associated core-gene-defined genome organizational frameworks.

Unlabelled: The prokaryotic pangenome partitions genes into core and dispensable genes. The order of core genes, albeit assumed to be stable under selection in general, is frequently interrupted by horizontal gene transfer and rearrangement, but how a core-gene-defined genome maintains its stability or flexibility remains to be investigated. Based on data from 30 species, including 425 genomes from six phyla, we grouped core genes into syntenic blocks in the context of a pangenome according to their stability across multiple isolates.

[Case-control study on minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for the treatment of distal tibial comminuted fractures at different operation times].

Objective: To compare clinical outcomes of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in treating distal tibial comminuted fractures at early and delayed stage.

Methods: From January 2006 to January 2012,66 patients with distal tibial comminuted fractures were treated by MIPPO. All patients were divided into primary group and delayed group according to operation time.

An allosteric model of the inositol trisphosphate receptor with nonequilibrium binding.

The inositol trisphosphate receptor (IPR) is a crucial ion channel that regulates the Ca(2+) influx from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the cytoplasm. A thorough study of the IPR channel contributes to a better understanding of calcium oscillations and waves. It has long been observed that the IPR channel is a typical biological system which performs adaptation.

Overshoot in biological systems modelled by Markov chains: a non-equilibrium dynamic phenomenon.

A number of biological systems can be modelled by Markov chains. Recently, there has been an increasing concern about when biological systems modelled by Markov chains will perform a dynamic phenomenon called overshoot. In this study, the authors found that the steady-state behaviour of the system will have a great effect on the occurrence of overshoot.

Kinetic behavior of the general modifier mechanism of Botts and Morales with non-equilibrium binding.

In this paper, we perform a complete analysis of the kinetic behavior of the general modifier mechanism of Botts and Morales in both equilibrium steady states and non-equilibrium steady states (NESS). Enlightened by the non-equilibrium theory of Markov chains, we introduce the net flux into discussion and acquire an expression of the rate of product formation in NESS, which has clear biophysical significance. Up till now, it is a general belief that being an activator or an inhibitor is an intrinsic property of the modifier.