Nanobody-based strategy for rapid and accurate pathogen detection: A case of COVID-19 testing.

Antibody pairs-based immunoassay platforms served as essential and effective tools in the field of pathogen detection. However, the cumbersome preparation and limited detection sensitivity of antibody pairs challenge in establishment of a highly sensitive detection platform. In this study, using COVID-19 testing as a case, we utilized readily accessible nanobodies as detection antibodies and further proposed an accurate design concept with a more scientific and efficient screening strategy to obtain ultrasensitive antibody pairs.

Insights into the panorama of multiple DNA viruses in municipal wastewater and recycled sludge in Tianjin, China.

Environmental viruses in wastewater and sludge are widely recognized for their roles in waterborne diseases. However, previous studies mainly focused on RNA viruses, and little is known about the diversity of DNA viral communities and their driving factors in municipal wastewater treatment environments. Herein, we conducted a pilot study to explore DNA virus profiles in municipal wastewater and recycled sludge by metagenomics method, and track their temporal changes in northern China.

NaClO Co-selects antibiotic and disinfectant resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia: Implications for the potential risk of extensive disinfectant use during COVID-19 pandemic.

The inappropriate use of antibiotics is widely recognized as the primary driver of bacterial antibiotic resistance. However, less attention has been given to the potential induction of multidrug-resistant bacteria through exposure to disinfectants. In this study, Klebsiella pneumonia, an opportunistic pathogen commonly associated with hospital and community-acquired infection, was experimentally exposed to NaClO at both minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and sub-MIC levels over a period of 60 days.

Spatial distribution of two acaricides and five neonicotinoids in beehives and surrounding environments in China.

Managed bees commonly suffer from cross-contamination with acaricides and neonicotinoids, posing robust threats to bee population health. However, their residual characteristics and spatial distribution in beehives and surrounding environments are poorly understood. This study detected two common acaricides and five neonicotinoids in 240 beehive samples and 44 surrounding environmental samples collected from 25 Chinese provinces.

S-amlodipine induces liver inflammation and dysfunction through the alteration of intestinal microbiome in a rat model.

S-amlodipine, a commonly prescribed antihypertensive agent, is widely used in clinical settings to treat hypertension. However, the potential adverse effects of long-term S-amlodipine treatment on the liver remain uncertain, given the cautionary recommendations from clinicians regarding its administration in individuals with impaired liver function. To address this, we conducted a study using an eight-week-old male rat model and administered a daily dose of 0.

Inter-plasmid transfer of antibiotic resistance genes accelerates antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens.

Antimicrobial resistance is a major threat for public health. Plasmids play a critical role in the spread of antimicrobial resistance via horizontal gene transfer between bacterial species. However, it remains unclear how plasmids originally recruit and assemble various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

Molecular characterization of human bocavirus in municipal wastewaters using amplicon target sequencing.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging health concern worldwide, associated with range of clinical manifestations, including gastroenteritis and respiratory infections. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend and minimize their prevalence in different systems. In this study, we conducted regular sampling throughout the year in two different sizes and work processes of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Tianjin, China.

Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates alcoholic liver disease by altering gut microbiota composition and host immune response in mice.

Aim: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a major periodontal pathogen, increases the risk of systemic diseases. P.

Global Increase of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Conjugative Plasmids.

Antibiotic resistance is propagating worldwide, but the predominant dissemination mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we report that antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) abundance in conjugative plasmids that are recorded in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) RefSeq plasmid database is increasing globally, which is likely a key factor in the propagation of resistance. ARG abundance in plasmids increased by 10-fold on a global scale from the year 2000 to the year 2020 (from 0.

A Novel XRE-Type Regulator Mediates Phage Lytic Development and Multiple Host Metabolic Processes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, the leading cause of acute and chronic infections in immunocompromised patients, frequently with high morbidity and mortality rates. The xenobiotic response element (XRE) family proteins are the second most common transcriptional regulators (TRs) in P. aeruginosa.

Global trend of antimicrobial resistance in common bacterial pathogens in response to antibiotic consumption.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing public health threat worldwide and antibiotic consumption is being increasingly recognized as the main selective pressure driving this resistance. However, global trend in antibiotic resistance in response to antibiotic consumption is not fully understood. In this study, we collected national resistance data on specific resistant pathogens considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as priority and antibiotic consumption data for 61 countries to assess the global trends in antibiotic resistance of those common bacterial pathogens and their association with antibiotic consumption.

Unraveling the influence of human fecal pollution on antibiotic resistance gene levels in different receiving water bodies using crAssphage indicator gene.

Discharged wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents can contaminate receiving water bodies with human feces and alter the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, we examined the co-occurrence of ARGs, human fecal pollution indicator crAssphage, and antibiotics in human feces and a series of connected receiving water bodies affected by human feces, including water from different treatment units of a WWTP, river, lake, and tap waters. Results showed that crAssphage was detected in 68.

RecT Affects Prophage Lifestyle and Host Core Cellular Processes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a notorious pathogen that causes various nosocomial infections. Several prophage genes located on the chromosomes of P. aeruginosa have been reported to contribute to bacterial pathogenesis via host phenotype transformations, such as serotype conversion and antibiotic resistance.

Colonization of gut microbiota by plasmid-carrying bacteria is facilitated by evolutionary adaptation to antibiotic treatment.

Multidrug-resistant plasmid-carrying bacteria are of particular clinical concern as they could transfer antibiotic resistance genes to other bacterial species. However, little is known whether evolutionary adaptation of plasmid-carrying bacteria after long-term antibiotic exposure could affect their subsequent colonization of the human gut. Herein, we combined a long-term evolutionary model based on Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 and the multidrug-resistant plasmid RP4 with in vivo colonization experiments in mice.

Long-term spatiotemporal variation of antimicrobial resistance genes within the Serratia marcescens population and transmission of S. marcescens revealed by public whole-genome datasets.

The development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is accelerated by the selective pressure exerted by the widespread use of antimicrobial drugs, posing an increasing danger to public health. However, long-term spatiotemporal variation in AMR genes in microorganisms, particularly in bacterial pathogens in response to antibiotic consumption, is not fully understood. Here, we used the NCBI RefSeq database to collect 478 whole-genome sequences for Serratia marcescens ranging from 1961 up to 2019, to document global long-term AMR trends in S.

Macrolides mediate transcriptional activation of the msr(E)-mph(E) operon through histone-like nucleoid-structuring protein (HNS) and cAMP receptor protein (CRP).

Objectives: The msr(E)-mph(E) operon exists widely in diverse species of bacteria and msr(E) and mph(E) genes confer high resistance to macrolides. We aimed to explore whether macrolides regulate the transcription of the operon.

Methods: Antibiotic resistance genes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were analysed by WGS.

Gut microbiota exaggerates triclosan-induced liver injury via gut-liver axis.

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial ingredient that has been widely incorporated in consumer products. TCS can cause hepatic damage by disturbing lipid metabolism, which is often accompanied with gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, the effects of gut microbiota on the TCS-induced liver injury are still unknown.

Antibiotic Resistance Gene-Carrying Plasmid Spreads into the Plant Endophytic Bacteria using Soil Bacteria as Carriers.

Applications of animal manure and treated wastewater could enrich antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the plant microbiome. However, the mechanistic studies of the transmission of ARB and ARGs from the environment to plant endophytic bacteria were few. Herein, a genetically engineered fluorescent harboring a conjugative RP4 plasmid that carries three ARGs was used to trace its spread into interior in a tetracycline-amended hydroponic system in the absence or presence of a simulated soil bacterial community.

Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence of Extraintestinal Pathogenic (ExPEC) Vary According to Molecular Types.

Extraintestinal pathogenic (ExPEC) can cause many human extraintestinal infections. Resistance and virulence of ExPEC are inextricably linked to its phylogenetic background. However, studies on type-specific distribution of resistance and virulence and the connection between resistance/virulence and molecular typing are lacking.

Antibiotic contamination amplifies the impact of foreign antibiotic-resistant bacteria on soil bacterial community.

Human activities are stimulating the presence of foreign antibiotic-resistance bacteria (ARB) in soils and antibiotic-contaminated soils are increasing continuously in the world. However, little is known about the impacts of foreign ARB on the indigenous bacterial community in antibiotic-contaminated soil. Herein, using a microcosm experiment we studied the soil bacterial community composition and function (presented with niche structure and niche breadth) in the response to a model ARB (multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli) amendment in the absence and presence of tetracycline contamination.

Significant higher airborne antibiotic resistance genes and the associated inhalation risk in the indoor than the outdoor.

Inhalation of airborne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) can lead to antimicrobial resistance and potential health risk. In modern society, increasing individuals stay more indoors, however, studies regarding the exposure to airborne ARGs in indoor environments and the associated risks remain limited. Here, we compared the variance of aerosol-associated ARGs, bacterial microbiomes, and their daily intake (DI) burden in dormitory, office, and outdoor environments in a university in Tianjin.

The prevalence of ampicillin-resistant opportunistic pathogenic bacteria undergoing selective stress of heavy metal pollutants in the Xiangjiang River, China.

The emergence of clinically relevant β-lactam-resistant bacteria poses a serious threat to human health and presents a major challenge for medical treatment. How opportunistic pathogenic bacteria acquire antibiotic resistance and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in the environment are still unclear. In this study, we further confirmed that the selective pressure of heavy metals contributes to the increase in ampicillin-resistant opportunistic pathogens in the Xiangjiang River.

Colistin and amoxicillin combinatorial exposure alters the human intestinal microbiota and antibiotic resistome in the simulated human intestinal microbiota.

Antibiotics treatment could cause the dysbiosis of human intestinal microbiota and antibiotic resistome. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been an efficacious treatment to restore the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in a variety of intestinal diseases. However, to data, the effect of the combinatorial antibiotic treatment on microbiota, antibiotic resistome and the FMT for restoration affected by combinatorial antibiotic exposure in the human intestinal microbiota remain unclear.

Colonization of Mice With Amoxicillin-Associated Drives Inflammation via Th1 Induction and Treg Inhibition.

β-Lactam antibiotics can increase the resistance and virulence of individual intestinal microorganisms, which may affect host physiology and health. , a crucial gut inhabitant, has been confirmed to be resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics and contributes to the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, the influence of amoxicillin (AMO) on and its role in colitis was investigated in an antibiotic cocktail (ABx) murine model.