Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the orbit: pediatric case series.

Objective: To describe the clinical, imaging characteristics, and treatment of pediatric orbital Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Children with orbital LCH.

Orbital and periorbital dermoid cysts: a retrospective analysis of 270 lesions.

Purpose: To report the clinical characteristics and intraoperative findings of periorbital and orbital dermoid cysts and their relationship to location and rupture.

Methods: Retrospective review of 270 cases with orbital or periorbital dermoid cysts that presented over a period of 11 years. Patients were included if diagnosis of dermoid cyst was made by histopathologic analysis.

Primary Monocanalicular Stent Intubation for Children With Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction: Surgical Outcome and Risk Factors.

Purpose: To determine the risk factors impacting the surgical success of primary monocanalicular stent intubation for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Methods: This is a retrospective interventional case series of patients 18 years and younger treated more than a 12-year period with monocanalicular stent intubation with inferior turbinate fracture for CNLDO by a single surgeon. Patients with dacryocystoceles, dacryocystitis, Down syndrome and previous tear duct surgery were excluded.

Assessing the results of anophthalmic prostheses.

Purpose: Anophthalmic sockets cause disfigurement that may result in emotional and social distress. The choice of procedure and implant is based upon the surgeon's experience. There remains no standardization of cosmetic result.

Ophthalmic manifestations in Kabuki (make-up) syndrome: A single-center pediatric cohort and systematic review of the literature.

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in KMT2D or KDM6A, and manifesting with multi-systemic involvement, including recognizable facial features, developmental delay and multiple congenital anomalies. Ophthalmological involvement has been described in varying rates in several studies. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and nature of ophthalmological findings in a cohort of KS patients in Israel.

Management of Pediatric Acute Dacryocystitis.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical presentation, course, and management in a large cohort of pediatric acute dacryocystitis subjects and to examine whether hospitalization and urgent surgical intervention are indeed mandatory.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all pediatric subjects diagnosed with dacryocystitis at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia over a 12-year period (2009-2020).

Results: One-hundred sixty-nine pediatric acute dacryocystitis patients were included in this study.

The Effect of Upper Eyelid Muller Muscle Conjunctival Resection Surgery on Lower Eyelid Position.

: To examine whether Müller's-muscle-conjunctival-resection (MMCR) changes the position of the lower eyelid.: Retrospective controlled-cohort study. All patients who underwent MMCR (study group) or blepharoplasty (control group) between January 2016 and September 2018 were recruited.

The impact of late-treated pediatric cataract on intraocular pressure.

Purpose: To assess the intraocular pressure and visual acuity before and after pediatric congenital cataract surgery performed at a relatively older age.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all consecutive pediatric patients diagnosed and operated for bilateral congenital cataracts during a seven-year period (2012-2018) in rural southern Ethiopia. Non-ambulatory vision was defined as hand motion or worse.

Ocular manifestations and surgical interventions in pediatric patients with Koolen-de-Vries syndrome.

: Koolen-de Vries syndrome (KdVS) (OMIM #610443) or 17q21.31 microdeletion syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by developmental and speech delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, hypotonia, characteristic facial features, and congenital malformations of multiple organs.The purpose of the current study was to describe ocular manifestations and surgical interventions in six KdVS pediatric patients, and to review the ocular associations of this condition.

Low-dose Bleomycin Injections for Orbital Lymphatic and Lymphatic-Venous Malformations: A Multicentric Case Series Study.

Purpose: Orbital lymphatic malformations (LM) are associated with ocular morbidity and facial disfigurement. Surgery is challenging and may not be effective. We describe the outcome of bleomycin injections for venous LM and lymphatic-venous malformation (LVM) malformations of the orbit in 5 tertiary referral centers between January 2010 and December 2018.

New insight into the physiologic function of Müller's muscle.

Purpose: Müller's muscle is a sympathetically innervated smooth muscle which serves as an accessory upper eyelid retractor. Its physiologic function and purpose have not yet been clearly defined. We hypothesize that sympathetic innervation to Müller's muscle serves to adjust the upper eyelid's position to variations in pupil size in response to changes in light intensity.

Ocular injuries incurred by Israeli defense forces during low-intensity conflicts.

Background: To describe ocular injuries sustained by Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers during low-intensity conflicts from 1998 to 2017, and to evaluate the use of protective eyewear.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of data retrieved from two tertiary Israeli medical centers and the military trauma registry. The analysis included all IDF soldiers with ocular injuries who were referred to these centers between 1998 and 2017.

Changes in Refraction and Visual Acuity after Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty versus Posterior Approach Ptosis Procedures.

Purpose: To evaluate surgically induced refractive changes (SIRC) and visual acuity (VA) changes after blepharoplasty combined with posterior approach ptosis surgery (Müller's muscle-conjunctival resection [MMCR]) versus upper eyelid blepharoplasty alone.

Methods: In this prospective, comparative, clinical study on patients undergoing MMCR and blepharoplasty, comprehensive ophthalmic examinations were performed preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. SIRC were calculated with the 10-step Holladay method.

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale.

The clinical and histopathological characteristics of Kelly punch punctoplasty.

Purpose: To examine the clinical presentation, histopathological characteristics and surgical success of patients that underwent Kelly punch punctoplasty.

Methods: A retrospective consecutive case series of all patients diagnosed with punctal stenosis and referred to Kelly punch punctoplasty and mini-monoka insertion between January 2017 and December 2017. The demographic, clinical and prognosis parameters were retrieved and analyzed.

Epithelial ingrowth after late traumatic femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis flap dislocation.

Traumatic flap displacement and epithelial ingrowth after microkeratome-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a widely described potentially sight-threatening complication. However, this complication is rare when a femtosecond laser is used to create the LASIK flap. We present a case of epithelial ingrowth after late traumatic femtosecond-assisted LASIK flap dislocation.

The Effect of a Ptosis Procedure Compared to an Upper Blepharoplasty on Dry Eye Syndrome.

Purpose: To examine the effect of combined blepharoplasty and Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) compared to an upper blepharoplasty on dry eye syndrome.

Design: Prospective, comparative clinical study.

Methods: This is prospective, comparative case series.

Intermediate uveitis in a child with phosphatase and tensin homolog gene mutation and Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome.

Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS) is a congenital disorder characterised by macrocephaly, multiple hamartomas, lipomas, and pigmented macules of the glans penis. Intermediate uveitis is characterised by chronic inflammatory cells aggregates on the pars plana (snowbanks) and within the vitreous cavity (snowballs). We describe what we believe to be the first case of intermediate uveitis associated with BRRS.

Therapeutic contact lenses vs. tight bandage patching and pain following pterygium excision: a prospective randomized controlled study.

Purpose: The immediate postoperative management of patients undergoing pterygium excision usually includes eye patching in order to alleviate pain and prevent accidental tissue damage. Commonly applied tight patching with gauze bandages results in decreased field of monocular vision and discomfort. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patient-centered outcome of pterygium surgery when therapeutic contact lenses (TCL) are used instead of tight bandage patching in the first 24 postoperative hours.

Perfluorocarbon Liquid Vs. Subretinal Fluid Drainage during Vitrectomy for the Primary Repair of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: To compare the anatomical and functional results achieved with subretinal fluid drainage (SRFD) and perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) use in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) treated by primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).

Methods: The study included 162 eyes of 162 patients who underwent PPV for RRD, either with PFCL (n = 108) or SRFD (n = 54). The two groups were matched in 2:1 ratio for age, gender, and lens status.

Challenging Management of Double Vision After Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery-A Series of 6 Cases.

Purpose: To present 6 cases of orbital trauma, diplopia and strabismus after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Methods: The medical charts of suitable patients were reviewed for information on medical examination, imaging studies, the type of corrective surgery, and surgical outcomes.

Treatment of cervical contractures utilising a closed platysmotomy like approach: Case report and review of the literature.

Contractures to the cervical region as a result of burns has the capacity to cause restrictions in range of movement, function of the lower face, cervical spine distortion and poor aesthetic outcomes that remain a surgical challenge. Consequently, physical and aesthetic deformities as a result of cervical contractures are reported to cause depression having implications for patients' quality of life and psychosocial wellbeing. At the time this research was conducted, there were no case reports describing a closed platysmotomy approach in burn patients.

Description of the vasospasm phenomena following perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (PM-NASAH) is characterized by a benign course compared with aneurysmal SAH. While vasospasm (VS) after aneurysmal SAH is considered responsible for serious complications, VS post-PM-NASAH is not well documented. Our purpose was to characterize the incidence and course of VS among 63 patients--one of the largest databases of PM-NASAH patients with documented blood flow velocities in the literature.